OUTOFPAPUA database: Lexicons of the West Papuan language area

‘storm from the west (November to January monsoon)’ (eng)

‘body’ (eng)

‘ash, dust’ (eng)

‘jaw’ (eng)

‘sheet or mat on which to sit or lie’ (eng)

‘tree sp.’ (eng); ‘Pterocarpus indicus’ (lat)

‘ladder, stairs’ (eng)

‘root’ (eng)

‘until, the extent that’ (eng)

‘scoop out rice from pot’ (eng)

‘I’ (eng)

‘sugar palm’ (eng); ‘Arenga saccharifera’ (lat)

‘sheet or mat on which to sit or lie’ (eng)

‘house post’ (eng)

‘soot, black stain from smoke’ (eng)

‘father (vocative)’ (eng)

‘father’ (eng)

‘north, north wind’ (eng)

‘take with one’ (eng)

‘child of someone, offspring’ (eng)

‘child of someone, offspring’ (eng)

‘go’ (eng)

‘rise (of sun), lift up, noble, honoured’ (eng)

‘someone/something or other’ (eng)

‘fire’ (eng)

‘finished, used up, finish off, use up’ (eng)

‘lime’ (eng)

‘bile, gall’ (eng)

‘house post’ (eng)

‘soot, black stain from smoke’ (eng)

‘gills (of fish)’ (eng)

‘whet, grind sharp’ (eng)

‘salt’ (eng)

‘dog’ (eng)

‘draw water, scoop up water’ (eng)

‘draw water, scoop up water’ (eng)

‘breath, breathe’ (eng)

‘slave’ (eng)

‘above, on (top)’ (eng)

‘liver’ (eng)

‘hundred’ (eng)

‘transport, convey’ (eng)

‘roof, roofing (thatch)’ (eng)

‘enough, increase, add to’ (eng)

‘bright, morning light’ (eng)

‘plait, weave’ (eng)

‘foot, leg’ (eng)

‘gills (of fish)’ (eng)

‘below, under’ (eng)

‘pig’ (eng)

‘above, over’ (eng)

‘pay’ (eng)

‘live coals, embers’ (eng)

‘hoe’ (eng)

‘wet’ (eng)

‘cucumber’ (eng)

‘house’ (eng)

‘sulphur’ (eng)

‘accompany, escort, lead’ (eng)

‘(pagan) priest, shaman’ (eng)

‘other’ (eng)

‘scar (of wound)’ (eng)

‘provisions for journey’ (eng)

‘transform, change (shape etc.)’ (eng)

‘smell or taste bad (of food left too long)’ (eng)

‘big’ (eng)

‘beautiful, excellent’ (eng)

‘childless, infertile’ (eng)

‘village’ (eng)

‘at an angle, slanting’ (eng)

‘change direction’ (eng)

‘tall, slender palm sp. which yields sago’ (eng)

‘tinder, flammable powder obtained from palm branches’ (eng)

‘stone’ (eng)

‘seed, pit (of fruit)’ (eng)

‘tortoise’ (eng)

‘permit, allow, release’ (eng)

‘sneeze’ (eng)

‘tooth’ (eng)

‘bird snare’ (eng)

‘tie up, bind’ (eng)

‘woman, female’ (eng)

‘give, put, place’ (eng)

‘rice in husk (in field or harvested)’ (eng)

‘hang down’ (eng)

‘here’ (eng)

‘lip(s)’ (eng)

‘lift/carry by rope’ (eng)

‘turn over, turn around’ (eng)

‘sew’ (eng)

‘slanting, sloping’ (eng)

‘kick person’ (eng)

‘whichʔ, whereʔ’ (eng)

‘kick’ (eng)

‘tick (on cattle and other animals)’ (eng)

‘dumb, mute’ (eng)

‘chase away, drive off’ (eng)

‘hole (e.g. in ground)’ (eng)

‘albino’ (eng)

‘smell’ (eng)

‘areca palm and nut’ (eng)

‘fruit’ (eng)

‘fruit’ (eng)

‘fish trap’ (eng)

‘ridge of roof’ (eng)

‘sprinkle with fingertips’ (eng)

‘open’ (eng)

‘wood borer’ (eng)

‘joint, knuckle, knot’ (eng)

‘feather, fur, body hair’ (eng)

‘thin bamboo sp. with great distance between joints’ (eng)

‘flower’ (eng)

‘flower’ (eng)

‘hide, conceal, put away’ (eng)

‘pool, puddle’ (eng)

‘kill’ (eng)

‘return, go back’ (eng)

‘charcoal’ (eng)

‘bad, rotten’ (eng)

‘pour out, empty out (a container)’ (eng)

‘full’ (eng)

‘tug’ (eng)

‘hair’ (eng)

‘spread out (to dry)’ (eng)

‘floor’ (eng)

‘debt’ (eng)

‘fatique, exhaustion, hard work’ (eng)

‘trouble, distress, worry, hard work’ (eng)

‘night, dark’ (eng)

‘spear, lance’ (eng)

‘stupid’ (eng)

‘pour’ (eng)

‘new’ (eng)

‘eye’ (eng)

‘split, crack’ (eng)

‘satisfied, full (from eating)’ (eng)

‘burst (of roasting corn), bake corn in ashes’ (eng)

‘calf (of leg)’ (eng)

‘lie transverse, across’ (eng)

‘dry rice stalks, straw’ (eng)

‘secondary pounding of rice (after winnowing)’ (eng)

‘blood’ (eng)

‘grime, dirt on body’ (eng)

‘resin, tree from which resin is obtained’ (eng)

‘water’ (eng)

‘tree sp.’ (eng)

‘cold’ (eng)

‘cut off, cut through’ (eng)

‘boil (of water)’ (eng)

‘far, distant’ (eng)

‘two’ (eng)

‘bone’ (eng)

‘corner, angle’ (eng)

‘grass’ (eng)

‘rainbow’ (eng)

‘black’ (eng)

‘fathom, span of arms out-stretched’ (eng)

‘desire, crave, saliva, slaver, salivate’ (eng)

‘earthquake’ (eng)

‘earthquake’ (eng)

‘give’ (eng)

‘take, get, fetch’ (eng)

‘desire, crave, saliva, slaver, salivate’ (eng)

‘come’ (eng)

‘come’ (eng)

‘write’ (eng)

‘lift up, raise’ (eng)

‘face’ (eng)

‘break up, demolish’ (eng)

‘dig hole with point of knife’ (eng)

‘saw’ (eng)

‘shiver, tremble’ (eng)

‘count’ (eng)

‘this’ (eng)

‘hang up on rope’ (eng)

‘mole (on body)’ (eng)

‘carry under armpit, squeeze with hand’ (eng)

‘mother’ (eng)

‘reduce, decrease, make less’ (eng)

‘riddle’ (eng)

‘brother/sister-in-law’ (eng)

‘dream’ (eng)

‘tail’ (eng)

‘gum(s)’ (eng)

‘kind of small cockroach’ (eng)

‘uncle’ (eng)

‘thick skin, invulnerable’ (eng)

‘whenʔ’ (eng)

‘scab (on wound)’ (eng)

‘snatch away, seize, wrest’ (eng)

‘yesterday’ (eng)

‘fish trap of bamboo lattice work’ (eng)

‘wing’ (eng)

‘dig to a shallow depth’ (eng)

‘butterfly’ (eng)

‘you (plural)’ (eng)

‘you (plural)’ (eng)

‘rice, eat’ (eng)

‘make rope by spinning palm fibres’ (eng)

‘slightly raised’ (eng)

‘large, fat, castrated pig’ (eng)

‘wave, beckon with hand’ (eng)

‘boil (of water)’ (eng)

‘stripe, streak, scratch’ (eng)

‘scratch (in ground, e.g. of fowls)’ (eng)

‘scrape, scratch (with fingernails)’ (eng)

‘gnaw, grind teeth’ (eng)

‘sel’ (eng)

‘grabble, scrabble’ (eng)

‘rafters’ (eng)

‘first’ (eng)

‘wood, tree’ (eng)

‘crab’ (eng)

‘stir, mix’ (eng)

‘yesterday’ (eng)

‘scratch away (as chicken does), sweep away’ (eng)

‘tap sugar palm’ (eng)

‘lame, limp’ (eng)

‘shout, cry out’ (eng)

‘torn, tear’ (eng)

‘laugh’ (eng)

‘lame, crippled because of deformity’ (eng)

‘tickle’ (eng)

‘giant clam’ (eng)

‘swollen belly’ (eng)

‘stingy, thrifty’ (eng)

‘file, grate, scrape, shave’ (eng)

‘we (inclusive)’ (eng)

‘have sexual intercourse’ (eng)

‘follow’ (eng)

‘small gnat’ (eng)

‘xylophone (percussion instrument with series of wooden bars or metal cymbals)’ (eng)

‘large freshwater mollusc’ (eng)

‘scratch (e.g. when itchy)’ (eng)

‘brush lightly with fingers to attract attention’ (eng)

‘hen, fowl’ (eng)

‘tall grass sp.’ (eng); ‘Imperata cylindrica’ (lat)

‘crow (of rooster)’ (eng)

‘kind of tree fungus’ (eng)

‘skin, bark’ (eng)

‘skin’ (eng)

‘moustache’ (eng)

‘whyʔ’ (eng)

‘do something, act, howʔ’ (eng)

‘whyʔ’ (eng)

‘thick’ (eng)

‘thick’ (eng)

‘earthen cooking pot’ (eng)

‘cuscus’ (eng)

‘head louse’ (eng)

‘nibble, bite off little piece’ (eng)

‘turbid, muddy (of water)’ (eng)

‘pinch (with fingertips), pluck off, nip off with fingernails’ (eng)

‘embrace, enclose, fold the arms’ (eng)

‘eyebrow’ (eng)

‘carry in hand held against breast’ (eng)

‘close with lit or top, put a lit on’ (eng)

‘well up, bubble up (of water from ground)’ (eng)

‘cover (e.g. eyes, mouth) with hands, hold in closed hand, handful’ (eng)

‘wash clothes’ (eng)

‘taut, tight (e.g. of rope)’ (eng)

‘cover, embrace, hold to one in arms’ (eng)

‘stick on, press on’ (eng)

‘small freshwater fish with spiny back’ (eng)

‘hard’ (eng)

‘hard’ (eng)

‘nibble, gnaw’ (eng)

‘close together, without gaps (e.g. floor boards)’ (eng)

‘embrace, enclose, fold the arms’ (eng)

‘well up, bubble up (of water from ground)’ (eng)

‘lie transverse, across, block way’ (eng)

‘hut in fields consisting of a single slanting roof’ (eng)

‘large red ant which lives in trees’ (eng)

‘itch, fibres on plants which cause itching’ (eng)

‘itch’ (eng)

‘go’ (eng)

‘road, pathway’ (eng)

‘road, pathway’ (eng)

‘fly’ (eng)

‘inside’ (eng)

‘walk’ (eng)

‘oil’ (eng)

‘sky’ (eng)

‘tough (of meat, fibres)’ (eng)

‘fruit sp.’ (eng); ‘Lancium domesticum’ (lat)

‘causing itch, itch’ (eng)

‘causing itch, itch’ (eng)

‘swallow without chewing’ (eng)

‘neck’ (eng)

‘bed bug’ (eng)

‘clean, pure (of water)’ (eng)

‘shadow, reflection’ (eng)

‘lean backwards (e.g. to look up)’ (eng)

‘hunger‘ .’ (eng)

‘thirst’ (eng)

‘Spanish pepper, ginger’ (eng)

‘back (of body), carry on the back’ (eng)

‘carry on the back’ (eng)

‘back (of body), carry on the back’ (eng)

‘tongue’ (eng)

‘five’ (eng)

‘rinse out mouth’ (eng)

‘roll (cigarette), turn (soil)’ (eng)

‘leech’ (eng)

‘surround, encircle’ (eng)

‘wide, spacious’ (eng)

‘extract, pull out’ (eng)

‘worm’ (eng)

‘boat, canoe’ (eng)

‘stupid, ignorant’ (eng)

‘outside’ (eng)

‘vomit’ (eng)

‘tears, weep’ (eng)

‘watchman, guard, keep watch’ (eng)

‘shin’ (eng)

‘moss’ (eng)

‘gun, shoot’ (eng)

‘cook’ (eng)

‘torrent, flood, turbid, muddy’ (eng)

‘flood’ (eng)

‘turbid, stirred up’ (eng)

‘bury’ (eng)

‘stubble, dried rice stalks’ (eng)

‘disused field’ (eng)

‘complete, finished’ (eng)

‘toy which makes a noise like a cracker’ (eng)

‘rise to surface, float on surface’ (eng)

‘fat’ (eng)

‘soft, gentle, tender’ (eng)

‘suffocate, choke, drown’ (eng)

‘pure, clean’ (eng)

‘poor, needy’ (eng)

‘arm (including hand)’ (eng)

‘sink’ (eng)

‘fold’ (eng)

‘nit, louse egg’ (eng)

‘mortar (in which rice is pounded)’ (eng)

‘torrent, flood, turbid, muddy’ (eng)

‘bamboo sprouts’ (eng)

‘father (vocative)’ (eng)

‘owl’ (eng)

‘green (colour), unripe, raw’ (eng)

‘cat’ (eng)

‘happen, occur, become’ (eng)

‘lemon, citrus’ (eng)

‘behind, back, rear’ (eng)

‘fall (from height)’ (eng)

‘taste, flavour’ (eng)

‘pus, fester’ (eng)

‘tame’ (eng)

‘wide open (of mouth), agape, gape’ (eng)

‘name’ (eng)

‘chew, munch’ (eng)

‘on edge (of teeth)’ (eng)

‘nose’ (eng)

‘nose’ (eng)

‘smell of bad fish’ (eng)

‘slow’ (eng)

‘slow’ (eng)

‘possessive/agentive animate noun marker’ (eng)

‘winnowing basket’ (eng)

‘thin’ (eng)

‘wipe, brush’ (eng)

‘untie, unravel’ (eng)

‘vein’ (eng)

‘call out to (from afar)’ (eng)

‘grandparent, ancestor, lord (title)’ (eng)

‘body’ (eng)

‘fence, enclosure’ (eng)

‘attic, loft’ (eng)

‘ray fish’ (eng)

‘kind of edible fern’ (eng)

‘palm (of hand), sole (of foot)’ (eng)

‘palm (of hand), sole (of foot)’ (eng)

‘palm branch’ (eng)

‘mad, crazy’ (eng)

‘shoulder’ (eng)

‘branch’ (eng)

‘tree with edible leaves and fruit’ (eng); ‘Pangium edule’ (lat)

‘beat (with hard object)’ (eng)

‘write’ (eng)

‘weed, clear land’ (eng)

‘edible gourd’ (eng); ‘Nomordica charantia’ (lat)

‘carry on the shoulder’ (eng)

‘hot’ (eng)

‘flat, level’ (eng)

‘die, kill’ (eng)

‘large bee sp.’ (eng)

‘thigh’ (eng)

‘bait, lure’ (eng)

‘bitter’ (eng)

‘rub, stroke’ (eng)

‘bent, crooked, bend’ (eng)

‘wound’ (eng)

‘roe, fish eggs’ (eng)

‘mouse’ (eng)

‘eat meat or fish’ (eng)

‘taste’ (eng)

‘fish’ (eng)

‘how muchʔ, how manyʔ’ (eng)

‘blink (eyes)’ (eng)

‘seven’ (eng)

‘urine, urinate’ (eng)

‘sugarcane’ (eng)

‘slender cane sort’ (eng)

‘decapitate’ (eng)

‘garden hut’ (eng)

‘spleen’ (eng)

‘short (of stature)’ (eng)

‘short (of stature)’ (eng)

‘belly’ (eng)

‘wring, squeeze, squeeze out, milk’ (eng)

‘sea turtle’ (eng)

‘net for catching fish or animals’ (eng)

‘sap, glue, sticky’ (eng)

‘decimal unit (tens)’ (eng)

‘banana’ (eng)

‘skewer, spit, pierce with skewer’ (eng)

‘pick up, collect, gather’ (eng)

‘heart, blossom (of palm, banana)’ (eng)

‘navel’ (eng)

‘navel’ (eng)

‘white bird sp.’ (eng)

‘blind, shut eyes’ (eng)

‘snapped by being bent, bend (e.g. branch) and snap’ (eng)

‘dry’ (eng)

‘buttocks, backside’ (eng)

‘buttocks, backside’ (eng)

‘feel, touch’ (eng)

‘shut’ (eng)

‘dry’ (eng)

‘crowded, cramped, tight fitting’ (eng)

‘narrow, tight, press, squeeze, squeeze out’ (eng)

‘empty, without contents (of fruit, grain), barren’ (eng)

‘flick off/away (with fingers)’ (eng)

‘tie up’ (eng)

‘resin, tree from which resin is obtained’ (eng)

‘cloudy, dark place’ (eng)

‘pull up (weeds)’ (eng)

‘red’ (eng)

‘hang (execute)’ (eng)

‘slash off palm leaves’ (eng)

‘girl’ (eng)

‘warm by fire, roast’ (eng)

‘ladder, stairs’ (eng)

‘tree’ (eng); ‘Erythrina indica’ (lat)

‘tree’ (eng); ‘Erythrina indica’ (lat)

‘bent, crooked, curved, bend’ (eng)

‘work metal, forge’ (eng)

‘thirst’ (eng)

‘thousand’ (eng)

‘boil (food)’ (eng)

‘bind, wind round’ (eng)

‘dense, close together’ (eng)

‘yellow, pale, wan’ (eng)

‘boil (food)’ (eng)

‘cut off, cut through’ (eng)

‘cloth, material’ (eng)

‘straight’ (eng)

‘smallpox’ (eng)

‘hollow, hole in tree’ (eng)

‘bamboo sprouts’ (eng)

‘wind, blow (of wind)’ (eng)

‘disused field’ (eng)

‘long, stretch’ (eng)

‘do together or at the same time, of the same age’ (eng)

‘burn’ (eng)

‘fast, speedy, hard, intense (of wind, rain)’ (eng)

‘hard, intense (e.g. of wind, rain), severe (of illness)’ (eng)

‘if, when’ (eng)

‘large snake sp.’ (eng)

‘help’ (eng)

‘pubic hair’ (eng)

‘pluck out, pull out’ (eng)

‘scoop, ladle’ (eng)

‘cockfight, stage cockfight’ (eng)

‘ride, mount, board’ (eng)

‘guest’ (eng)

‘evil spirit which causes sickness’ (eng)

‘put up in a higher place (e.g. on a rack)’ (eng)

‘nest (of bird or animal)’ (eng)

‘rib(s)’ (eng)

‘error, mistake, do wrong, make a mistake’ (eng)

‘rib(s)’ (eng)

‘gutter, water channel’ (eng)

‘hang (e.g. on shoulder, nail)’ (eng)

‘dirty, unclean’ (eng)

‘foul (language)’ (eng)

‘wipe, sweep’ (eng)

‘wrap, wrap up’ (eng)

‘front, in front of, face’ (eng)

‘stem of young banana tree (eaten as vegetable)’ (eng)

‘deviate, diverge, turn off (path)’ (eng)

‘sting (of insect)’ (eng)

‘they’ (eng)

‘suck’ (eng)

‘fight, do battle with’ (eng)

‘wry neck, head twisted to one side’ (eng)

‘sail’ (eng)

‘dyke, dam, dam up, block’ (eng)

‘they’ (eng)

‘slurp, sip (e.g. hot liquid)’ (eng)

‘whoʔ’ (eng)

‘shoot, sprout (from ground)’ (eng)

‘push, shove, push out/away’ (eng)

‘animate noun (singular) marker’ (eng)

‘third person singular pronoun’ (eng)

‘throw away’ (eng)

‘make, do, carry out’ (eng)

‘damage crops or fruit (of boring insect)’ (eng)

‘elbow’ (eng)

‘kind of hawk, snatch, seize, catch fish with hands’ (eng)

‘kind of hawk, snatch, seize’ (eng)

‘they’ (eng)

‘pale, pallid’ (eng)

‘intestines, belly’ (eng)

‘nine’ (eng)

‘toothless, fall out (of teeth), pull out, pluck (fruit)’ (eng)

‘chicken (baby fowl)’ (eng)

‘eat, bite at food (of pig, dog)’ (eng)

‘pouch, bag’ (eng)

‘dagger, stab’ (eng)

‘thorn’ (eng)

‘play the flute’ (eng)

‘claw, nail (of finger or toe)’ (eng)

‘torch’ (eng)

‘jagged, chipped’ (eng)

‘horn (of animal)’ (eng)

‘rheumatism’ (eng)

‘boundary, border’ (eng)

‘sharp spike placed in ground to trap animals’ (eng)

‘plant .’ (eng)

‘comb’ (eng)

‘breast’ (eng)

‘each, every, every time’ (eng)

‘near, approach’ (eng)

‘foam, froth, effervesce, extinguish fire with water’ (eng)

‘fish, eat meat’ (eng)

‘hiccup’ (eng)

‘ant’ (eng)

‘cram in tightly, squeeze in’ (eng)

‘big’ (eng)

‘gap, space between things’ (eng)

‘big’ (eng)

‘insert (between two things)’ (eng)

‘mouth’ (eng)

‘snout, muzzle’ (eng)

‘snout, muzzle’ (eng)

‘isolated, secluded place, go to such a place (to defecate), defecate’ (eng)

‘blow’ (eng)

‘plug, stopper, plug up’ (eng)

‘black ant sp.’ (eng)

‘noise of smacking lips while eating, make such a noise while eating’ (eng)

‘slap with open hand’ (eng)

‘suck’ (eng)

‘nasal mucus’ (eng)

‘blowpipe’ (eng)

‘boil over (of water), put something hot in water (e.g. hot iron to harden it)’ (eng)

‘boil over (of water), put something hot in water (e.g. hot iron to harden it)’ (eng)

‘call, call to, summon’ (eng)

‘fat (on animal body)’ (eng)

‘kind of shrub’ (eng); ‘Cordyline sp. planted as boundary hedge and near graves’ (lat)

‘chop down/through bamboo’ (eng)

‘sharp (of point)’ (eng)

‘heartwood’ (eng)

‘large tree sp., used for timber’ (eng)

‘plane, chop (wood) smooth’ (eng)

‘how muchʔ’ (eng)

‘put into, put away, store inside’ (eng)

‘chop down/through, fell’ (eng)

‘how muchʔ’ (eng)

‘skin disease causing pale patches on body’ (eng)

‘rope, string’ (eng)

‘turn the back (on someone), part, separate’ (eng)

‘hear’ (eng)

‘cowardly, timid’ (eng)

‘forest’ (eng)

‘kind of bamboo’ (eng)

‘land, soil, ground’ (eng)

‘plant’ (eng)

‘newly, just, now’ (eng)

‘sea’ (eng)

‘set a snare’ (eng)

‘winnow’ (eng)

‘faeces, dregs’ (eng)

‘cut through (e.g. rope, vine)’ (eng)

‘know’ (eng)

‘year’ (eng)

‘hot’ (eng)

‘tree sp.’ (eng); ‘Artocarpus blumei’ (lat)

‘beat (drum, gong etc.) with stick’ (eng)

‘bridge’ (eng)

‘throw away’ (eng)

‘oath, swear an oath’ (eng)

‘reed sp.’ (eng)

‘call for pigs’ (eng)

‘drip, leak’ (eng)

‘sneeze’ (eng)

‘hold, grip’ (eng)

‘south, south wind’ (eng)

‘female (of fowl, bird)’ (eng)

‘blue (of bruise)’ (eng)

‘pale, pallid’ (eng)

‘intestines, belly’ (eng)

‘intestines’ (eng)

‘food caught between teeth, pick teeth’ (eng)

‘clang, ring (noise), produce such a sound’ (eng)

‘remove corn kernels from cob’ (eng)

‘toothless, fall out (of teeth), pull out, pluck (fruit)’ (eng)

‘liar, cheat, lie, deceive’ (eng)

‘chop up finely’ (eng)

‘chop up finely’ (eng)

‘peck (of bird), snap (of snake; crocodile)’ (eng)

‘mite’ (eng)

‘lower, let down’ (eng)

‘person, born, live, grow’ (eng)

‘call, call to, summon’ (eng)

‘stand up, get up, put up, erect’ (eng)

‘stand up, get up, put up, erect’ (eng)

‘man, male’ (eng)

‘younger sibling’ (eng)

‘strike, stab with lance’ (eng)

‘show, point out, instruct, teach’ (eng)

‘clothes louse’ (eng)

‘heel’ (eng)

‘descend, alight’ (eng)

‘point with a piece of wood, prod with finger’ (eng)

‘burn, bake, roast’ (eng)

‘bunch’ (eng)

‘finger’ (eng)

‘kindle, light (fire, lamp), set alight’ (eng)

‘old’ (eng)

‘stump of chopped down tree’ (eng)

‘heel’ (eng)

‘indeed, really, truly’ (eng)

‘origin, beginning, base, stump (of tree)’ (eng)

‘place cooking pot on fire’ (eng)

‘stump of chopped down tree’ (eng)

‘slash, cut with sharpened bamboo’ (eng)

‘break off (small piece of something)’ (eng)

‘husked rice’ (eng)

‘sharp (of blade)’ (eng)

‘stake, post, stick (post) into ground’ (eng)

‘sleep’ (eng)

‘(walking) stick, staff’ (eng)

‘three’ (eng)

‘value, price, buy’ (eng)

‘edge, side, bank’ (eng)

‘straight (vertical), erect, stick up straight from the ground’ (eng)

‘areca palm’ (eng); ‘Areca catechu and nut, chew betel’ (lat)

‘mat’ (eng)

‘mat’ (eng)

‘kiss’ (eng)

‘simple hut or shelter in fields’ (eng)

‘tusk, canine tooth’ (eng)

‘bark (of dog)’ (eng)

‘grey hair’ (eng)

‘iron’ (eng)

‘slice open, disembowel’ (eng)

‘grey hair’ (eng)

‘untie, unravel’ (eng)

‘edible tuber’ (eng)

‘edible pith of palm trees’ (eng)

‘rain’ (eng)

‘rattan (generic term)’ (eng)

‘sit on ground (not on perch; of hen), gather chickens under wings (of hen)’ (eng)

‘half coconut shell (used as cup etc.)’ (eng)

‘preordained time to die’ (eng)

‘true, correct, real’ (eng)

‘head’ (eng)

‘(dry) cultivated field, gardens’ (eng)

‘sheathe’ (eng)

‘medicine’ (eng)

‘blow with bellows’ (eng)

‘inside, interior, enter’ (eng)

‘middle, centre’ (eng)

‘pick (rice), reap, harvest’ (eng)

‘brain’ (eng)

‘provisions for journey’ (eng)

‘grey hair’ (eng)

‘feed animals’ (eng)

‘feed animals’ (eng)

‘carry by hand with the load hanging down’ (eng)

‘carry by hand with the load hanging down’ (eng)

‘give, put, place’ (eng)

‘lip(s)’ (eng)

‘black’ (eng)

‘black’ (eng)

‘spread out (to dry)’ (eng)

‘eye’ (eng)

‘deaf’ (eng)

‘burst (of roasting corn), bake corn in ashes’ (eng)

‘lease (land), rent’ (eng)

‘drink’ (eng)

‘gird, wrap round belly’ (eng)

‘cough’ (eng)

‘strong, forceful’ (eng)

‘stop, wait, live (in a place)’ (eng)

‘fart’ (eng)

‘six, day, sun’ (eng)

‘four’ (eng)

‘eat meat or fish’ (eng)

‘taste, try, test, sample’ (eng)

‘sand’ (eng)

‘thunder, rumble (of thunder)’ (eng)

‘one’ (eng)

‘dry up (of river or pond), dry, waterless’ (eng)

‘sour’ (eng)

‘bran, chaff’ (eng)

‘dry up (of river or pond), dry, waterless’ (eng)

‘tilt (in order to pour out contents), lean over’ (eng)