Source entries: Sneddon (1984e)

Sneddon (1984e): Sangir Manganitu

Original citation: Sneddon, J. N. 1984. Proto-Sangiric and the Sangiric languages. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.

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Total entries: 765

Headword	IPA	Glosses
aak	aak	‘support or assist someone to walk in procession’
ahabəʔ	ahabəʔ	‘fern sp.’
ahi	ahi	‘fine ash from burned leaves, paper etc.’
aho	aho	‘rob, snatch away’
ahuraŋanna	ahuraŋanna	‘woods, forest’
ahusəʔ	ahusəʔ	‘succeed (a person), change (clothes), replace’
akaŋ	akaŋ	‘eldest of two siblings’
ake	ake	‘sap’
akeləʔ	akeləʔ	‘sugar palm’; ‘Arenga saccharifera’
akeʔ	akeʔ	‘water’
aḷiŋ	aḷiŋ	‘move, transfer, move house’
aḷuŋ	aḷuŋ	‘space under house, underneath’
amaŋ	amaŋ	‘father’
anaŋ	anaŋ	‘weave (mat, basket)’
anaʔ	anaʔ	‘child’
aŋiŋ	aŋiŋ	‘wind’
anuʔ	anuʔ	‘hunt’
apa	apa	‘what’
apuʔ	apuʔ	‘lime’
ara	ara	‘but, however’
are	are	‘chin’
areŋ	areŋ	‘name’
asaŋ	asaŋ	‘gills’
asiŋ	asiŋ	‘salt’
asiʔ	asiʔ	‘plant rice, strictly the first process, make holes in the ground’
ate	ate	‘liver’
atisəʔ	atisəʔ	‘soursop’; ‘Anona squamosa’
atuʔ	atuʔ	‘roof, thatch’
aβaʔ	aβaʔ	‘body’
aβe	aβe	‘cut off something hanging up high, tap sugar palm’
aβiʔ	aβiʔ	‘climb (tree)’
aβu	aβu	‘ashes’
baehəʔ	baehəʔ	‘pay’
baha	baha	‘monkey’
bahani	bahani	‘brave’
baheʔ	baheʔ	‘west wind’
bahi	bahi	‘rotten (of food)’
bahiŋ	bahiŋ	‘snore’
bahuding	bahudinɡ	‘tree’; ‘Eugenia’
bakuḷiŋ	bakuḷiŋ	‘carry on the back’
bala	bala	‘permit, allow’
baḷa	baḷa	‘valley, field’
baḷaŋo	baḷaŋo	‘anchor’
balau	balau	‘forest tree with nuts’; ‘Aleurites moluccana’
baḷe	baḷe	‘house’
baḷiaŋ	baḷiaŋ	‘trainee for (pagan) priesthood’
baḷine	baḷine	‘other’
baḷiuŋ	baḷiuŋ	‘axe’
baḷiʔ	baḷiʔ	‘return, go back’
ballasa	ballasa	‘borrow’
baḷu	baḷu	‘widow’
baḷuŋ	baḷuŋ	‘provisions for journey’
baḷuy	baḷuj	‘change, alter’
baḷuʔ	baḷuʔ	‘sell’
baḷǝbiraŋ	baḷǝbiraŋ	‘tree sp., fruit small, eaten by birds’
baḷəka	baḷəka	‘chaff’
baŋgo	baŋɡo	‘cudgel, beat against something’
bantaḷəʔ	bantaḷəʔ	‘box, trunk’
bantoʔ	bantoʔ	‘childless, infertile’
banua	banua	‘land, district’
baru	baru	‘powder from palm fronds used for caulking boats or as tinder’
baruʔ	baruʔ	‘palm sp.’
bataŋ	bataŋ	‘log, fallen tree’
batu	batu	‘stone’
batune	batune	‘seed (of fruit)’
batuʔ	batuʔ	‘follow’
bayau	bajau	‘castor-oil plant’
baβa	baβa	‘below (lower than), downwards’
baβa	baβa	‘carry (general term)’
baβi	baβi	‘pig’
baβo	baβo	‘shallow (where sea bed is elevated)’
ba-βuno	ba-βuno	‘fight seriously, kill each other fighting’
baβəlo	baβəlo	‘afternoon’
bembuļu	bembuļu	‘feather, crude word for pubic hair’
beŋeləʔ	beŋeləʔ	‘deaf’
beŋkoʔ	beŋkoʔ	‘bent, crooked’
biadəʔ	biadəʔ	‘fish roe’
biahəʔ	biahəʔ	‘alive, live’
bihasəʔ	bihasəʔ	‘semen’
bihey	bihej	‘give’
bihiŋ	bihiŋ	‘turn round, revolve’
biku	biku	‘ignorant’
bilaʔ	bilaʔ	‘spread out, unfold’
biliŋ	biliŋ	‘turn over, turn around’
binaβa	binaβa	‘cloud’
biŋihəʔ	biŋihəʔ	‘pour’
bintoiʔ	bintoiʔ	‘large grass sp.’
bira	bira	‘white’
bisiʔ	bisiʔ	‘leg between knee and ankle’
bisuḷəʔ	bisuḷəʔ	‘boil’
bitiŋ	bitiŋ	‘hang on a rope’
biβihəʔ	biβihəʔ	‘lip(s)’
boheŋ	boheŋ	‘charcoal’
boheʔ	boheʔ	‘write’
bohintiŋ	bohintiŋ	‘speckled, multicoloured (of fowls)’
bokaŋ	bokaŋ	‘maize’
boḷeŋ	boḷeŋ	‘pull’
boloŋ-boloŋ	boloŋ-boloŋ	‘small beetle’
boβoŋ	boβoŋ	‘bamboo water container’
bua	bua	‘fruit’
buaʔ	buaʔ	‘stand (from a sitting position), lift, depart’
buha	buha	‘rub oneself down, smear, rub in’
buhu	buhu	‘new’
buhuʔ	buhuʔ	‘stink, stinking’
bukaŋ	bukaŋ	‘drunk, intoxicated’
bukidəʔ	bukidəʔ	‘mountain, hill’
buku	buku	‘knee, joint, knot’
bulagəʔ	bulaɡəʔ	‘where the light is out, where one cannot see’
buḷaŋ	buḷaŋ	‘moon’
buḷaβanna	buḷaβanna	‘gold’
buḷe	buḷe	‘forget’
buḷeʔ	buḷeʔ	‘cockfight’
bulo	bulo	‘bamboo (generic term)’
bumbuŋ	bumbuŋ	‘heap, stack’
bunaḷəʔ	bunaḷəʔ	‘bruise, wound’
buŋaŋ	buŋaŋ	‘flower’
buŋkuʔ	buŋkuʔ	‘knot, bump’
buni	buni	‘hide’
bunuʔ	bunuʔ	‘coconut husk’
buraļaʔ	buraļaʔ	‘tree sp’
buraʔ	buraʔ	‘blossom (before fruit)’
buruŋ	buruŋ	‘whisper’
busaʔ	busaʔ	‘banana’
busaʔ	busaʔ	‘behead, cut off head (of fish etc.)’
buta	buta	‘blind’
butihəʔ	butihəʔ	‘knob, outgrowth, outcrop (of stones etc.)’
butu	butu	‘make a hole, cut open, castrate’
buβu	buβu	‘fish trap’
buβuhǝʔ	buβuhǝʔ	‘kapok’
bǝbuhəʔ	bǝbuhəʔ	‘dish of slightly cooked vegetables in sauce’
bǝmbaŋ	bǝmbaŋ	‘shoulder’
bəbasəʔ	bəbasəʔ	‘cut off, slash (high grass, bushes etc.)’
bəbeʔ	bəbeʔ	‘carry (basket, bag) by handle’
bəbuḷəʔ	bəbuḷəʔ	‘pluck out, fall out (of hair, feathers), classifier for hair, feathers etc.’
bəbuʔ	bəbuʔ	‘wood borer’
bəhaʔ	bəhaʔ	‘heavy’
bəka	bəka	‘split’
bəke	bəke	‘genealogy, story’
bəkisəʔ	bəkisəʔ	‘tie together in a bundle’
bəlasǝʔ	bəlasǝʔ	‘tree sp.’
bəli	bəli	‘buy’
bəlisəʔ	bəlisəʔ	‘rancid, rotten (of food)’
bənahəʔ	bənahəʔ	‘broad, wide’
bənaŋ	bənaŋ	‘sneeze’
bəŋaʔ	bəŋaʔ	‘bight, gulf, opening’
bəŋko	bəŋko	‘spear’
bəni	bəni	‘peel off (rind, bark)’
dadáʔ	daˈdaʔ	‘chest’
dadeheʔ	dadeheʔ	‘dependent, depend (on other people)’
daduḷəʔ	daduḷəʔ	‘pluck out (feathers, hair etc.), pull out (e.g. stake from the ground)’
daha	daha	‘blood’
dahami	dahami	‘disused rice field’
dahumú	dahuˈmu	‘nest (of bird, pig etc.)’
dakeləʔ	dakeləʔ	‘big’
dakilaŋ	dakilaŋ	‘fireplace in birthroom’
dakiʔ	dakiʔ	‘cross to the other side, contagious’
dakuʔ	dakuʔ	‘hold, catch’
dala	dala	‘behind, in the direction away from the sea, inland’
daḷaiʔ	daḷaiʔ	‘ḷai’
daḷaŋiraŋ	daḷaŋiraŋ	‘tree sp’
daḷeŋ	daḷeŋ	‘road, trail, walk’
daḷikaŋ	daḷikaŋ	‘southern’
dalo	dalo	‘praise’
daḷuŋ	daḷuŋ	‘inside, deep’
dame	dame	‘peace’
daŋeŋ	daŋeŋ	‘climb stairs’
daŋeʔ	daŋeʔ	‘high, height’
daŋo	daŋo	‘span (of hand)’
dano	dano	‘lake, pool, puddle’
dansilaŋ	dansilaŋ	‘anvil’
dapo	dapo	‘perch’
dapuhaŋ	dapuhaŋ	‘kitchen, hearth’
dara	dara	‘coconut shell used as bowl or cup’
da-rahuŋ	da-rahuŋ	‘needle’
daraŋ	daraŋ	‘warm oneself by fire’
darioʔ	darioʔ	‘child (offspring), small, young’
darua	darua	‘two’
daruŋ	daruŋ	‘have a cold’
datu	datu	‘ruler, chief’
dau	dau	‘far, distance’
dauŋ	dauŋ	‘leaf’
deha	deha	‘young shoots (around base of old trunk)’
denoʔ	denoʔ	‘bath’
desoʔ	desoʔ	‘store’
desəʔ	desəʔ	‘pandanus sp’
dila	dila	‘lila’
dindíŋ	dinˈdiŋ	‘wall’
diŋan	diŋan	‘with, accompany, companion’
diŋkaḷeŋ	diŋkaḷeŋ	‘tree’; ‘Calophylum inophylum’
dirihəʔ	dirihəʔ	‘yellow’
diʔi	diʔi	‘light (fire, lamp etc.)’
dokoʔ	dokoʔ	‘pick up with both hands’
doroʔ	doroʔ	‘alight, perch’
dou	dou	‘thirsty, thirst’
dua	dua	‘two’
duhi	duhi	‘bone’
dukuʔ	dukuʔ	‘grass, vegetables’
duḷuŋ	duḷuŋ	‘roll up’
dunuʔ	dunuʔ	‘violent and continual (or rain)’
dǝpa	dǝpa	‘fathom (armspan)’
dǝsuŋ	dǝsuŋ	‘descend (mountain)’
dədaʔ	dədaʔ	‘tree sp.’; ‘Erythrina indica’
dəhuʔ	dəhuʔ	‘forehead’
dəluʔ	dəluʔ	‘thunder’
dəmaʔ	dəmaʔ	‘lie on the ground, lie face down’
dəmeʔ	dəmeʔ	‘throw away’
dəndehoŋ	dəndehoŋ	‘tree sp’
dəndipahəʔ	dəndipahəʔ	‘rainbow’
dənduŋ	dənduŋ	‘make dark’
eɣeʔ	eɣeʔ	‘bind (coconuts) in pairs’
eβehaʔ	eβehaʔ	‘have a good appetite’
gantoŋ	ɡantoŋ	‘hang (on gallows)’
gau	ɡau	‘fib’
gaəʔ	ɡaəʔ	‘separate, part’
gaɣuraŋ	ɡaɣuraŋ	‘parents’
geheʔ	ɡeheʔ	‘tear, tear up’
ginto	ɡinto	‘climbing fern sp., used for sewing thatch’
gipu	ɡipu	‘soot on walls and ceiling of kitchen’
goɣahəʔ	ɡoɣahəʔ	‘demolish, destroy’
guraŋ	ɡuraŋ	‘old’
gəle	ɡəle	‘demand, ask’
gəlir-aŋ	ɡəlir-aŋ	‘presented, donated’
gəliʔ	ɡəliʔ	‘give’
habuŋ	habuŋ	‘soot and dust which drops from dirty ceiling, rain lightly’
haka	haka	‘topple over, fall over (of tree, house)’
hakidəʔ	hakidəʔ	‘bind fast, tie up’
hakiʔ	hakiʔ	‘raft, connect, join together’
hakuʔ	hakuʔ	‘tie tightly, tie together’
hamisəʔ	hamisəʔ	‘knead, massage’
hampasəʔ	hampasəʔ	‘rob, plunder’
hamuʔ	hamuʔ	‘red’
hamuʔ	hamuʔ	‘root’
haŋu	haŋu	‘severe drought’
hapa	hapa	‘guard, keep watch’
hapusəʔ	hapusəʔ	‘bind, shackle’
haro	haro	‘tame (of animals)’
hata	hata	‘slaughter’
haəŋ	haəŋ	‘light, fast’
heneʔ	heneʔ	‘rotten’
hiambaŋ	hiambaŋ	‘high, bright flame’
himukudǝʔ	himukudǝʔ	‘soul, spirit’
hinduʔ	hinduʔ	‘hiccup’
hiudəʔ	hiudəʔ	‘pull’
hiəʔ	hiəʔ	‘thresh (grain)’
hiβa	hiβa	‘lap, hold in lap’
hiβu	hiβu	‘thousand’
hiβuʔ	hiβuʔ	‘mist, fog’
holo	holo	‘get wet, make wet’
homa	homa	‘sheath (for knife)’
hoŋa	hoŋa	‘having large chips (of knife, plate etc.), having teeth missing, fallen out’
hopeʔ	hopeʔ	‘fig sp. with sharp leaves’
horo	horo	‘sharp’
hoto	hoto	‘cut through’
huaŋ	huaŋ	‘subsidence of ground, hole’
humbia	humbia	‘sago palm’
husuʔ	husuʔ	‘thin (of person), rib’
hutuŋ	hutuŋ	‘hunger, hungry’
həbi	həbi	‘night’
həboʔ	həboʔ	‘slip into hole or mud (of foot)’
həbu	həbu	‘bark (of dog)’
həmpuʔ	həmpuʔ	‘connect, attach’
həŋisəʔ	həŋisəʔ	‘burnt, burn’
həsaŋ	həsaŋ	‘tall moss sp., climbing fern sp.’
həsaʔ	həsaʔ	‘cut through’
hətiʔ	hətiʔ	‘sprout, (begin to) crack, burst’
iáʔ	iˈaʔ	‘I’
ihiʔ	ihiʔ	‘become less, run out’
ikiʔ	ikiʔ	‘bind, tie up’
inaŋ	inaŋ	‘mother’
indaʔ	indaʔ	‘asthma’
ino	ino	‘pearl, bead’
inuŋ	inuŋ	‘drink’
ipi	ipi	‘dream’
iruŋ	iruŋ	‘nose’
iruʔ	iruʔ	‘fishing line from fibres of sugar palm’
isi	isi	‘tooth’
ituŋ	ituŋ	‘black’
ižupa	ižupa	‘sip, absorb, suck up’
kaehəʔ	kaehəʔ	‘sweep (with broom)’
kahiβu	kahiβu	‘weave (cloth), sarong, sleeping robe’
kaho	kaho	‘scratch’
kahəbi	kahəbi	‘yesterday’
kaihi	kaihi	‘left side’
kakaʔ	kakaʔ	‘older sibling (term of address)’
kakəniʔ	kakəniʔ	‘tree sp.’
kalabəʔ	kalabəʔ	‘fan fire’
kaḷeaʔ	kaḷeaʔ	‘green parrot’
kaḷi	kaḷi	‘dig’
kaḷiməŋa	kaḷiməŋa	‘plant sp. like ginger, used medicinally’
kalu	kalu	‘wood, tree’
kaḷəpa	kaḷəpa	‘palm branch (section without leaves)’
kameʔ	kameʔ	‘touch with fingertips to attract attention, signal with slight movement of the hand’
kami	kami	‘we (exclusive)’
kandoŋ	kandoŋ	‘spin rope’
kanehabaʔ	kanehabaʔ	‘yesterday’
kaŋkoʔ	kaŋkoʔ	‘waterplant, leaves eaten’
kanuku	kanuku	‘fingernail’
kanumpeheŋ	kanumpeheŋ	‘wasp’
kapuʔ	kapuʔ	‘creeper, liana’
kasili	kasili	‘eel’
kaso	kaso	‘rafters’
kasuaŋ	kasuaŋ	‘corpse, (sometimes also used for) spirit’
katiupaŋ	katiupaŋ	‘honey bee’
katiʔ	katiʔ	‘itch, itchy’
kau	kau	‘you (sg.)’
kaəŋ	kaəŋ	‘eat, food’
kaβusəʔ	kaβusəʔ	‘inadequate, lacking, spot which remains uncovered, where the covering is inadequate’
kekeʔ	kekeʔ	‘call out, laugh’
kele	kele	‘short bamboo water container’
kemboʔ	kemboʔ	‘back of neck’
kentoʔ	kentoʔ	‘lame, limp’
kepa	kepa	‘empty rice shell (in which fruit has not developed), chaff which blows away in winnowing’
keraʔ	keraʔ	‘shine, sparkle, flicker, twinkle’
kidey	kidej	‘forehead’
kihi	kihi	‘scrape, grate, shave’
kihiʔ	kihiʔ	‘backside, buttocks’
kiki	kiki	‘bite’
kilaʔ	kilaʔ	‘lightning’
kima	kima	‘large clam’
kinaʔ	kinaʔ	‘fish, meat (general term)’
kiníŋ	kiˈniŋ	‘eyebrows’
kiolabəʔ	kiolabəʔ	‘yawn’
kipíʔ	kiˈpiʔ	‘carry under the arm, squeeze, tight’
koaneŋ	koaneŋ	‘right side’
koka	koka	‘tree with edible fruit similar to breadfruit’
koḷa	koḷa	‘fry without using oil’
koḷe	koḷe	‘taro’
kombaŋ	kombaŋ	‘greedy, gluttonous’
kotoʔ	kotoʔ	‘top (e.g. of tree)’
kuhaiʔ	kuhaiʔ	‘phlegm, mucus’
kuhuŋ	kuhuŋ	‘pen, cage, animal enclosure’
kukuduʔ	kukuduʔ	‘scratch’
kukuʔ	kukuʔ	‘crow (of rooster)’
kuḷi	kuḷi	‘toughness (e.g. of meat), tough’
kulilasəʔ	kulilasəʔ	‘spleen’
kuḷiʔ	kuḷiʔ	‘bark used for making rope’
kumi	kumi	‘moustache’
kumpasəʔ	kumpasəʔ	‘tree with edible fruit’
kumú	kuˈmu	‘you (pl.)’
kuniʔ	kuniʔ	‘tumeric’; ‘Curcuma longa’
kupa	kupa	‘tree sp. with edible fruit’
kuriŋ	kuriŋ	‘earthen cooking pot’
kuruŋ	kuruŋ	‘hump, hunch, stoop, bend over’
kuse	kuse	‘cuscus’
kusu	kusu	‘rub between hands (as in washing clothes), remove rice grains from sheaf by rubbing between hands or trampling with feet’
kutu	kutu	‘head louse’
kuəŋ	kuəŋ	‘say, it is said’
kuβaŋ	kuβaŋ	‘coconut shell used as drinking vessel’
kəbiʔ	kəbiʔ	‘touch (someone) to attract attention’
kəduʔ	kəduʔ	‘pinch (with fingernails)’
kəkihəʔ	kəkihəʔ	‘shiver, tremble’
kəlisəʔ	kəlisəʔ	‘hard, tough’
kəmbaḷəʔ	kəmbaḷəʔ	‘young edible coconut’
kəŋkuŋ	kəŋkuŋ	‘fist, hold in closed hand’
kəpaḷəʔ	kəpaḷəʔ	‘many’
kətih-aŋ	kətih-aŋ	‘constipated’
kətiŋ	kətiŋ	‘taut, stretch (rope etc.) taut’
kətiʔ	kətiʔ	‘attika hard (of object)’
labáʔ	laˈbaʔ	‘pound rice’
laedəʔ	laedəʔ	‘foot’
la-hompoŋ	la-hompoŋ	‘squat’
lamatiʔ	lamatiʔ	‘leech’
lana	lana	‘oil’
laŋo	laŋo	‘fly’
lanisəʔ	lanisəʔ	‘begin to ripen (of corn), begin to grow yellow and ripe (of coconuts)’
lansiʔ	lansiʔ	‘boast, romp, frisky’
laraŋ	laraŋ	‘thorn’
lasoʔ	lasoʔ	‘with exposed glans, lie (vulgar term), expose the glans, tell a lie’
laudəʔ	laudəʔ	‘ocean’
la-əmpahəʔ	la-əmpahəʔ	‘underlayer, sheet’
leau	leau	‘North Sangir’
leheʔ	leheʔ	‘neck’
lenehəʔ	lenehəʔ	‘still, calm (of sea, wind)’
leŋohəʔ	leŋohəʔ	‘disobedient, shamming deafness’
lepeʔ	lepeʔ	‘double (such as two pieces of fruit growing into each other)’
leβa	leβa	‘lick’
lia	lia	‘ginger’
liasəʔ	liasəʔ	‘urine, urinate’
liha	liha	‘large red ants which live in trees’
likudəʔ	likudəʔ	‘back’
lima	lima	‘five, hand’
limbuŋ	limbuŋ	‘piled up (of soil etc.)’
limpurusəʔ	limpurusəʔ	‘waterspout’
limu	limu	‘lemon, citrus (general term)’
linow	linow	‘clear, calm (of water)’
lintuhəʔ	lintuhəʔ	‘degree of descent’
lintuʔ	lintuʔ	‘descend (stairs)’
lipaŋ	lipaŋ	‘centipede’
liruŋ	liruŋ	‘shelter, protect, cover up’
lisi	lisi	‘rub off rice husks with fingers’
lisíŋ	liˈsiŋ	‘sour’
lisuŋ	lisuŋ	‘block on which rice is pounded, mortar’
liu	liu	‘cross over, pass by, surpass, transgress’
liβuaʔ	liβuaʔ	‘deep part of river where one can bathe, bathing place’
loaŋ	loaŋ	‘wide, width’
lombo	lombo	‘fish with a cast net’
lome	lome	‘weak, feeble’
loŋiʔ	loŋiʔ	‘gums’
loso	loso	‘burn oneself, burn (on body)’
loβoʔ	loβoʔ	‘soft, tender’
lua	lua	‘spit out (e.g. food which cannot be swallowed)’
luaŋ	luaŋ	‘buy’
lukadəʔ	lukadəʔ	‘morning, watchman, vigilant’
lulai	lulai	‘paralysed’
lumu	lumu	‘soft, weak’
lumuʔ	lumuʔ	‘moss’
lunow	lunow	‘green’
lupa	lupa	‘grass sp., plant sp.’
luraŋ	luraŋ	‘cargo, freight, load’
lutaŋ	lutaŋ	‘shoot’
lutuʔ	lutuʔ	‘well cooked, overripe’
luəŋ	luəŋ	‘overcast, cloudy’
luɣa	luɣa	‘cook well, cooked until soft’
lǝkubəʔ	lǝkubəʔ	‘bent back, bent over’
ləbaʔ	ləbaʔ	‘wade across (river)’
ləbiŋ	ləbiŋ	‘grave, bury’
ləge	ləɡe	‘laugh’
ləka	ləka	‘trees and shrubs floating in the sea after being washed out by floodwaters’
ləku	ləku	‘fold’
ləluʔ	ləluʔ	‘bamboo cooker, cook in a bamboo cooker’
ləmisəʔ	ləmisəʔ	‘drown’
ləndiŋ	ləndiŋ	‘cold’
ləŋa	ləŋa	‘sesame’
ləŋkuʔ	ləŋkuʔ	‘dirt on body’
ləno	ləno	‘smooth’
ləsia	ləsia	‘nit, louse egg’
ləto	ləto	‘float, rise to surface’
lətuhəʔ	lətuhəʔ	‘bang, thud, noise of explosion’
mahi	mahi	‘come (imperative)’
mahuala	mahuala	‘pretty’
mahuane	mahuane	‘brother’
ma-kkamissa	ma-kkamissa	‘squeeze, wring’
maḷənsa	maḷənsa	‘blood, amniotic fluids’
mama	mama	‘chew betel’
mamaǝŋ	mamaǝŋ	‘betel quid’
manuʔ	manuʔ	‘fowl, bird’
mara	mara	‘dry’
mata	mata	‘eye’
maya	maja	‘all’
maʔ	maʔ	‘mother’
-misiʔ	-misiʔ	‘sweet’
mohoŋ	mohoŋ	‘mouth’
momo	momo	‘blunt (of knife)’
munsiŋ	munsiŋ	‘charcoal, cold remains of fire’
naiʔ	naiʔ	‘long’
namuhəʔ	namuhəʔ	‘dew’
nana	nana	‘pus’
naraŋ	naraŋ	‘custom, habit, accustomed’
nasu	nasu	‘cook’
naβo	naβo	‘fall’
ŋaŋa	ŋaŋa	‘gape’
ŋeŋeŋ	ŋeŋeŋ	‘small yellow bee’
ŋura	ŋura	‘young forest, low scrub’
nipiʔ	nipiʔ	‘thin’
niuhəʔ	niuhəʔ	‘palm sp. with small fruit’
nonaŋ	nonaŋ	‘tree sp., young leaves eaten’
nunuʔ	nunuʔ	‘banyan tree’
oḷe	oḷe	‘spadix of sugar palm, from which toddy is collected’
onasǝʔ	onasǝʔ	‘waste, scraps, peel etc., scrape off’
onaʔ	onaʔ	‘scales of fish’
oŋgoʔ	oŋɡoʔ	‘give’
oβaŋ	oβaŋ	‘grey hair’
paha	paha	‘rack above fire for drying (fish, copra etc.)’
pahesəʔ	pahesəʔ	‘hit with object (stick, whip etc.)’
pahi	pahi	‘ray (fish)’
pahiɣi	pahiɣi	‘well’
pahuru	pahuru	‘bait’
pahəpaʔ	pahəpaʔ	‘mangrove’
pai	pai	‘there (at the same level)’
paiʔ	paiʔ	‘bitter’
pakeləʔ	pakeləʔ	‘heel’
paku	paku	‘fern sp.’
palaŋ	palaŋ	‘thigh’
paḷedəʔ	paḷedəʔ	‘palm (of hand), sole (of foot)’
paḷuka	paḷuka	‘shoulder blade’
paŋkuḷəʔ	paŋkuḷəʔ	‘beat (with hammer, wood)’
pasaəŋ	pasaəŋ	‘carry on shoulder’
pasiʔ	pasiʔ	‘insert stick or post in ground’
pasoḷo	pasoḷo	‘bamboo container (for holding herbs, paper etc.)’
pate	pate	‘die, dead, kill’
pehaʔ	pehaʔ	‘fish roe’
pensoḷeʔ	pensoḷeʔ	‘piece, fragment’
pepe	pepe	‘urine, urinate’
pia	pia	‘good’
pile	pile	‘choose’
pipiʔ	pipiʔ	‘cheek’
pira	pira	‘how many’
pisi	pisi	‘skin, bark’
pitiʔ	pitiʔ	‘shoot with bow and arrow’
pitu	pitu	‘seven’
polaeŋ	polaeŋ	‘wrist’
pona	pona	‘before, earlier, first’
pondaŋ	pondaŋ	‘pandanus’
pondoļəʔ	pondoļəʔ	‘tip, point, end’
poposəʔ	poposəʔ	‘areca nut at the stage of development most favoured for eating’
posoʔ	posoʔ	‘classifier for things (fruit, flowers, rice) plucked off’
posóʔ	poˈsoʔ	‘release, let go (from hand)’
potoʔ	potoʔ	‘cut off, chop off’
puhe	puhe	‘shell, shellfish (generic term)’
puidəʔ	puidəʔ	‘navel, middle’
puikaŋ	puikaŋ	‘turtle’
puko	puko	‘wake up’
puḷiŋ	puḷiŋ	‘dust or grit in eye’
puḷo	puḷo	‘ten’
pulu	pulu	‘mad, insane, want, desire’
puluŋ	puluŋ	‘grandchild’
puluʔ	puluʔ	‘gum, sticky sap’
puḷuʔ	puḷuʔ	‘handle (of knife, hoe)’
pundaḷəʔ	pundaḷəʔ	‘paddle’
pune	pune	‘dove’
punguʔ	punɡuʔ	‘tailless’
puruʔ	puruʔ	‘pick up’
pusida	pusida	‘navel’
puso	puso	‘banana blossom’
putuŋ	putuŋ	‘fire’
puəŋ	puəŋ	‘trunk of tree, especially lower part, foot, source, origin’
pədisəʔ	pədisəʔ	‘hot sunshine’
pədu	pədu	‘gall, anger’
pəha	pəha	‘squeeze, wring out’
pəku	pəku	‘bend’
pənadəʔ	pənadəʔ	‘buttocks, backside’
pəndaŋ	pəndaŋ	‘feel’
pənsaʔ	pənsaʔ	‘pick rice, harvest’
pəsuʔ	pəsuʔ	‘press out, squeeze out (e.g. seed from fruit)’
sagulaŋ	saɡulaŋ	‘cobra’
sahaŋ	sahaŋ	‘older leaves on a branch’
saháŋ	saˈhaŋ	‘ant’
sahiʔ	sahiʔ	‘skim off, cut a small piece off the end’
sahuʔ	sahuʔ	‘fill up, replenish, add to’
sai	sai	‘who’
saka	saka	‘climb (mountain)’
sakaeŋ	sakaeŋ	‘boat’
sake	sake	‘ride, mount’
sakeləʔ	sakeləʔ	‘heel of animal, cockspur’
sakiʔ	sakiʔ	‘sick’
sakuļəʔ	sakuļəʔ	‘beat sago with a wooden hammer’
saḷa	saḷa	‘wrong, mistake’
salaβu	salaβu	‘vine with edible tubers’
saḷise	saḷise	‘shore tree sp. bearing edible nuts’; ‘Terminalia catappa’
saḷiu	saḷiu	‘exchange’
sambe	sambe	‘good acquaintance who lives far off’
sampe	sampe	‘hang on rope’
sampiŋ	sampiŋ	‘side whiskers’
samuri	samuri	‘behind’
sanaʔ	sanaʔ	‘low, humble, meek’
sandehəʔ	sandehəʔ	‘lean against’
sandigəʔ	sandiɡəʔ	‘near’
saŋiʔ	saŋiʔ	‘cry, weep’
saŋu	saŋu	‘exhale, give off smell’
sara	sara	‘boundary’
sarehəʔ	sarehəʔ	‘lean against’
sasaʔ	sasaʔ	‘ripe, cooked’
sasiʔ	sasiʔ	‘sea, seawater’
saudəʔ	saudəʔ	‘put bait on hook’
saɣeʔ	saɣeʔ	‘reef’
saɣəŋgeləʔ	saɣəŋɡeləʔ	‘carry on strap over shoulder’
saβa	saβa	‘lesser wife, concubine’
saβa	saβa	‘snake’
saβuhəʔ	saβuhəʔ	‘sow, scatter’
saβənahəʔ	saβənahəʔ	‘north’
sea	sea	‘deviate, turn off, branch off from road (obsolete), (go) to defecate’
seha	seha	‘shrub or small tree’; ‘Morinda citrifolia’
seheʔ	seheʔ	‘hoarse’
sehoʔ	sehoʔ	‘sip (e.g. hot liquid)’
seley	selej	‘look, see’
sene	sene	‘there’
seŋgoʔ	seŋɡoʔ	‘sail’
sepa	sepa	‘play with a rattan ball’
sepeʔ	sepeʔ	‘carry under the arm’
si	si	‘a person (dative marker)’
si	si	‘meat’
sie	sie	‘he, she’
sikaʔ	sikaʔ	‘comb’
siku	siku	‘elbow’
silahəʔ	silahəʔ	‘lontar palm (leaves used for weaving)’; ‘Corypha umbraculifera’
sindaʔ	sindaʔ	‘breathe’
sini	sini	‘here’
sintaʔ	sintaʔ	‘lift (an object)’
sio	sio	‘nine’
sipaʔ	sipaʔ	‘palm wine’
sipiʔ	sipiʔ	‘nippers (of a crab), nip, pinch’
sire	sire	‘they’
siri	siri	‘separate husked rice in winnowing pan’
siruŋ	siruŋ	‘large leaf used as rain shelter, shelter’
sisiʔ	sisiʔ	‘delouse, search for/catch lice (in hair) with fingertips’
sohobəʔ	sohobəʔ	‘scorch over fire’
sohoʔ	sohoʔ	‘move back, retreat’
soḷo	soḷo	‘soyo’
sosoʔ	sosoʔ	‘cigarette, smoke cigarette’
soɣeləʔ	soɣeləʔ	‘stab or shove horizontally with stick or other implement’
su	su	‘at, to (locative marker)’
suaŋ	suaŋ	‘plant’
suapa	suapa	‘where’
sue	sue	‘finished, used up’
suhaʔ	suhaʔ	‘fish poison’
suhuʔ	suhuʔ	‘draw or scoop up water (e.g. in bamboo container)’
suka	suka	‘vomit’
sukaʔ	sukaʔ	‘measure, sound water’
suŋe	suŋe	‘horn (of animal)’
susu	susu	‘breast (of woman)’
suəŋ	suəŋ	‘carry on head’
suəʔ	suəʔ	‘enter’
sǝbaʔ	sǝbaʔ	‘name, mention’
səbaŋ	səbaŋ	‘go outside, rise (of sun, moon)’
səbaŋeŋ	səbaŋeŋ	‘east’
səbiʔ	səbiʔ	‘time when fish are scarse, have a craving for fish during this period’
səbu	səbu	‘foam, froth, extinguish fire with water’
sədapeŋ	sədapeŋ	‘west’
sədaʔ	sədaʔ	‘set (of sun), press down, hold under’
səgadəʔ	səɡadəʔ	‘sting (of insect)’
səki	səki	‘bind tightly together’
səkoḷəʔ	səkoḷəʔ	‘cough’
səlaʔ	səlaʔ	‘space between two things’
səleʔ	səleʔ	‘food which sticks between teeth, stick between, insert’
səluŋ	səluŋ	‘go under, put under’
səmpuʔ	səmpuʔ	‘add a piece, tie on’
səndihaŋ	səndihaŋ	‘side (of the body)’
səŋgaʔ	səŋɡaʔ	‘some, part, portion’
səŋi	səŋi	‘have a sharp smell, smell strongly’
sənsiŋ	sənsiŋ	‘plug up’
səpa	səpa	‘chew’
səpuʔ	səpuʔ	‘blowpipe, use a blowpipe’
səsa	səsa	‘nipa palm’; ‘Nipa fruticans’
səsaḷəʔ	səsaḷəʔ	‘forge, work metal’
səseʔ	səseʔ	‘tight, crowded’
səsiʔ	səsiʔ	‘spurt, spray out’
səsubəʔ	səsubəʔ	‘apply medicine to wound, treat a wound by blowing smoke from burning rattan onto it’
tabasaʔ	tabasaʔ	‘hack down (e.g. scrub to make gardens)’
taha	taha	‘chop wood into planks or beams’
tahanaʔ	tahanaʔ	‘rear, care for (a child)’
tahiti	tahiti	‘rain’
tahənduŋ	tahənduŋ	‘memory, remember, think of’
tai	tai	‘faeces’
taiŋ	taiŋ	‘set up (snare, trap)’
takaʔ	takaʔ	‘cover (with a lid)’
tako	tako	‘steal’
takuʔ	takuʔ	‘fear, afraid’
taḷi	taḷi	‘rope’
taḷikudəʔ	taḷikudəʔ	‘turn the back, separate’
taḷo	taḷo	‘cowardly’
taḷətadəʔ	taḷətadəʔ	‘notch (especially in coconut tree to aid climbing)’
taḷətugəʔ	taḷətuɡəʔ	‘middle of the back (from neck to waist)’
tamataʔ	tamataʔ	‘raw, uncooked’
tambu	tambu	‘moisten, wet’
tambuŋ	tambuŋ	‘heap (of soil, sand), cover with earth’
tanaŋo	tanaŋo	‘small, strong smelling grasshopper which causes damage to rice plants’
tanaʔ	tanaʔ	‘still, calm, live, dwell’
tani	tani	‘isolate oneself, alone’
tapa	tapa	‘smoke food’
tapisəʔ	tapisəʔ	‘strain, filter’
tapiʔ	tapiʔ	‘cloth worn when bathing’
tara	tara	‘cockspur’
ta-tiŋguŋ	ta-tiŋɡuŋ	‘tell riddles’
tatuḷəʔ	tatuḷəʔ	‘large tree sp’
tatəlu	tatəlu	‘three’
tau	tau	‘person’
taumata	taumata	‘person’
tauŋ	tauŋ	‘year’
taəʔ	taəʔ	‘winnow’
taβu	taβu	‘penis’
teŋgohəʔ	teŋɡohəʔ	‘beat, strike (gong)’
terehəʔ	terehəʔ	‘stroll, saunter’
tiala	tiala	‘mark, observe, notice’
tiaŋ	tiaŋ	‘belly’
tiaʔ	tiaʔ	‘count’
tihasəʔ	tihasəʔ	‘pure, unadulterated, hard and strong’
tikiʔ	tikiʔ	‘sleep’
tilaŋ	tilaŋ	‘clear, pure (of water)’
timbo	timbo	‘on top (of something), put on top’
timbonaŋ	timbonaŋ	‘head’
timbul	timbul	‘appear, rise to the top’
timbəlaŋ	timbəlaŋ	‘thin bamboo sp.’
timuhəʔ	timuhəʔ	‘south’
tinai	tinai	‘intestines’
tinaw	tinaw	‘clear, pure (of water)’
tiŋara	tiŋara	‘look upwards’
tiŋgi	tiŋɡi	‘roll, revolve’
tiŋihəʔ	tiŋihəʔ	‘voice, sound’
tiŋkahia	tiŋkahia	‘ear’
tiŋkaiʔ	tiŋkaiʔ	‘bad, wicked’
tíŋkodoʔ	ˈtiŋkodoʔ	‘heel’
tipo	tipo	‘pick (fruit)’
tipu	tipu	‘smoke’
tiuʔ	tiuʔ	‘blow’
toḷe	toḷe	‘tail’
tondo	tondo	‘slither (of snake), creep (of vine), proceed (of work), push (boat into water)’
tuari	tuari	‘younger sibling’
tuhaŋ	tuhaŋ	‘oldest, first-born’
tuhuʔ	tuhuʔ	‘follow, obey’
tuidəʔ	tuidəʔ	‘stump (of chopped-down tree)’
tukadəʔ	tukadəʔ	‘ladder, stairs’
tukusəʔ	tukusəʔ	‘wrap oneself up completely’
tuḷi	tuḷi	‘land, make for a place’
tuḷidəʔ	tuḷidəʔ	‘atraight’
tuḷudəʔ	tuḷudəʔ	‘push off from a height’
tuḷuŋ	tuḷuŋ	‘help’
tuma	tuma	‘clothes louse’
tumpa	tumpa	‘jump down, alight (from a boat)’
tune	tune	‘thorn, splinter (in flesh)’
tuŋo	tuŋo	‘very small bush mite which causes skin irritation’
tuntuŋ	tuntuŋ	‘(onomatopoeic) sound of a type of large drum, make a thumping noise like such a drum’
tunu	tunu	‘scorch, scald’
turo	turo	‘leak, drip’
tutubəʔ	tutubəʔ	‘cover’
tutuŋ	tutuŋ	‘burn’
tuəŋ	tuəŋ	‘cook’
tuβaŋ	tuβaŋ	‘fell, chop down tree’
tuβo	tuβo	‘young, still unfurled palm leaves, grow’
tuβu	tuβu	‘sugarcane’
tǝduʔ	tǝduʔ	‘pain, illness, very ill’
tǝluhəʔ	tǝluhəʔ	‘egg’
təbaŋ	təbaŋ	‘wash out in fresh water (nets etc. soaked in salt water), wash anus’
təgaʔ	təɡaʔ	‘tree sp. with large leaves’
təkiŋ	təkiŋ	‘(walking) stick, staff’
təlaʔ	təlaʔ	‘fly’
təlu	təlu	‘three’
tənahəʔ	tənahəʔ	‘working fast and powerfully for evil’
təndaʔ	təndaʔ	‘fence’
təŋadəʔ	təŋadəʔ	‘right, correct’
təŋgahǝʔ	təŋɡahǝʔ	‘become dry (of throat, reef)’
təniʔ	təniʔ	‘mosquito’
təpihəʔ	təpihəʔ	‘mat’
tətasəʔ	tətasəʔ	‘break (of thread, rope), out loose, unstitch (seam)’
tətuhəʔ	tətuhəʔ	‘hot coals’
ua	ua	‘disembowel, gut (fish, pig etc.)’
uai	uai	‘mango’
uaḷa	uaḷa	‘tusk (of pig), canine tooth’
uaḷu	uaḷu	‘eight’
uane	uane	‘termite’
ue	ue	‘rattan’
uhasǝʔ	uhasǝʔ	‘wash (hands)’
uḷaŋ	uḷaŋ	‘thick rope from palm fibres’
ule	ule	‘return (to previous condition)’
úlidiʔ	ˈulidiʔ	‘roll (of ball etc.)’
uḷidəʔ	uḷidəʔ	‘worm’
uḷu	uḷu	‘interior, inland, upstream’
uḷuhəʔ	uḷuhəʔ	‘lower (by rope)’
undaŋ	undaŋ	‘medicine’
uŋkeʔ	uŋkeʔ	‘young boy, younger brother’
unidəʔ	unidəʔ	‘core, pith (of plants)’
uno	uno	‘dip, plunge in water’
uraŋ	uraŋ	‘prawn’
uro	uro	‘spell, magic charm (used against thieves)’
uruŋ	uruŋ	‘dive, swim underwater’
utaʔ	utaʔ	‘hair’
utuʔ	utuʔ	‘torch’
uup	uup	‘dip, immerse in water, enter water’
ǝlo	ǝlo	‘day’
ǝlo	ǝlo	‘tears’
əbu	əbu	‘pull out (hair, plants etc.)’
ədu	ədu	‘spittle, spit’
əhabəʔ	əhabəʔ	‘sharpen (a point)’
əhe	əhe	‘tall grass sp.’; ‘Imperata cylindrica’
əliʔ	əliʔ	‘bottom of the sea’
əluʔ	əluʔ	‘swallow’
əme	əme	‘rice (in field)’
ənduŋ	ənduŋ	‘learn’
əŋgo	əŋɡo	‘make a noise to warn others of one's presence’
ənsaḷiʔ	ənsaḷiʔ	‘floor’
əntana	əntana	‘earth, ground, land’
ənuŋ	ənuŋ	‘six’
əpaʔ	əpaʔ	‘four’
əsa	əsa	‘one’
ətuʔ	ətuʔ	‘fart’
βisu	βisu	‘full, satisfied’

OUTOFPAPUA database: Lexicons of the West Papuan language area

Sneddon (1984e): Sangir Manganitu

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