OUTOFPAPUA database: Lexicons of the West Papuan language area

Usup (1986a): Proto-Gorontalo-Mongondow

Original citation: Usup, Hunggu Tadjuddin. 1986. Rekonstruksi proto-bahasa Gorontalo-Mongondow. PhD thesis, Universitas Indonesia.

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Total entries: 874
Headword IPA Glosses
*aaRak

‘search, look for’ (eng); ‘cari, mencari’ (ind)

*akut

‘transport’ (eng); ‘angkut’ (ind)

*ala

‘take’ (eng); ‘ambil’ (ind)

*(a)libobag

‘rainbow’ (eng); ‘pelangi, benang raja’ (ind)

*ama

‘father’ (eng); ‘ayah’ (ind)

*a(n)saŋ

‘gills (of fish)’ (eng); ‘insang (pada ikan)’ (ind)

*anud

‘drift’ (eng); ‘hanyut’ (ind)

*aRi

‘younger brother’ (eng); ‘adik’ (ind)

*aRok

‘kiss’ (eng); ‘cium’ (ind)

*baba

‘support’ (eng); ‘dukung’ (ind)

*bagaŋ

‘lower jaw’ (eng); ‘rahang bawah’ (ind)

*bagat

‘attic (at home)’ (eng); ‘loteng (pada rumah)’ (ind)

*bagaʔ

‘swollen, swelling’ (eng); ‘bengkak, bengkakan’ (ind)

*bagu

‘kind of vegetable’ (eng); ‘sejenis sayur’ (ind); ‘Gnetum gnemon’ (lat)

*bagu

‘new’ (eng); ‘baru’ (ind)

*-bai

‘woman’ (eng); ‘perempuan’ (ind)

*bakid

‘meeting, deliberation’ (eng); ‘pertemuan, permusyawaratan’ (ind)

*bakul

‘snare’ (eng); ‘jerat’ (ind)

*bakut

‘wrap’ (eng); ‘bungkus’ (ind)

*balaŋon

‘sea’ (eng); ‘laut’ (ind)

*baloa

‘ko. anchovy’ (eng); ‘sej. ikan teri’ (ind)

*baloŋkaʔ

‘ko. melon’ (eng); ‘sambiki’ (ind); ‘Lagenaria hispida’ (lat)

*baloy

‘house’ (eng); ‘rumah’ (ind)

*baluy

‘change’ (eng); ‘ganti’ (ind)

*banat

‘lie down’ (eng); ‘berbaring’ (ind)

*baŋaŋ

‘pant, find it hard to breathe’ (eng); ‘terengah-engah, sesak napas’ (ind)

*baŋke

‘carcass’ (eng); ‘bangkai’ (ind)

*baŋoʔ

‘coconut’ (eng); ‘kelapa’ (ind); ‘Cocos nucifera’ (lat)

*baŋun

‘get up’ (eng); ‘bangun’ (ind)

*banod

‘numb, tingling’ (eng); ‘mati rasa, sesemutan’ (ind)

*bantoŋ

‘forest cow, anoa’ (eng); ‘sapi hutan, anoa’ (ind); ‘Bubalus depressicornis’ (lat)

*banut

‘husk (in coconuts)’ (eng); ‘sabut (pada buah kelapa)’ (ind)

*barundak

‘cook rice in bamboo’ (eng); ‘nasi buluh, lemang’ (ind)

*basaʔ

‘wet’ (eng); ‘basah’ (ind)

*basiʔ

‘too, more than usual’ (eng); ‘terlalu, lebih dari biasanya’ (ind)

*basuŋ

‘tube from the midrib of sago leaves’ (eng); ‘tabung dari pelepah daun sagu’ (ind)

*batak

‘impolite, coarse’ (eng); ‘kurang ajar’ (ind)

*bataŋ

‘stem (e.g. log)’ (eng); ‘batang (mis. batang kayu)’ (ind)

*bataŋan

‘body, self’ (eng); ‘badan, diri’ (ind)

*batu

‘rock’ (eng); ‘batu’ (ind)

*batun

‘go on’ (eng); ‘naik’ (ind)

*baʔan

‘sneeze’ (eng); ‘bersin’ (ind)

*bembeʔ

‘goat’ (eng); ‘kambing’ (ind)

*biag

‘life, maintain’ (eng); ‘hidup, pelihara’ (ind)

*bibig

‘lips’ (eng); ‘bibir’ (ind)

*bibik

‘duck’ (eng); ‘itik’ (ind)

*bibit

‘tote’ (eng); ‘jinjing’ (ind)

*bibiʔ

‘ballast load’ (eng); ‘beban pemberat’ (ind)

*bigaʔ

‘ko. taro’ (eng); ‘sej. talas’ (ind); ‘Alocasia’ (lat)

*bilog

‘see’ (eng); ‘lihat’ (ind)

*biŋkaʔ

‘very small fish’ (eng); ‘anak ikan yang masih kecil sekali’ (ind)

*biniʔ

‘rotten eggs’ (eng); ‘telur busuk’ (ind)

*bintang

‘Indian laurel’ (eng); ‘pohon bintangar’ (ind); ‘Calophyllum inophyllum’ (lat)

*binte

‘corn’ (eng); ‘jagung’ (ind); ‘Zea mays’ (lat)

*biod

‘fish egg’ (eng); ‘telur ikan’ (ind)

*birit

‘opening something by using your fingers, e.g. open closed eyelids’ (eng); ‘membuka sesuatu dengan menggunakan jari, mis. membuka kelopak mata yang tertutup’ (ind)

*bisul

‘boil’ (eng); ‘bisul’ (ind)

*biʔau

‘candlenut’ (eng); ‘kemiri’ (ind); ‘Aleurites moluccana’ (lat)

*bobag

‘hit (hard, e.g. hit the reed until it crumbles)’ (eng); ‘pukul (dengan keras, mis. memukul batang buluh sampai remuk)’ (ind)

*boboʔ

‘mute’ (eng); ‘bisu’ (ind)

*bogani

‘brave’ (eng); ‘berani’ (ind)

*bogas

‘rice’ (eng); ‘beras’ (ind)

*bogat

‘heavy’ (eng); ‘berat’ (ind)

*bogos

‘tie, bind several similar objects together’ (eng); ‘ikat, mengikat beberapa benda yang sama menjadi satu’ (ind)

*bogoy

‘give’ (eng); ‘beri, memberi’ (ind)

*bokol

‘wave’ (eng); ‘ombak’ (ind)

*bolad

‘mat’ (eng); ‘tikar’ (ind)

*bolaŋas

‘rambutan’ (eng); ‘rambutan’ (ind); ‘Nephelium lappaceum’ (lat)

*bolaŋita(ŋ)

‘ko. wood’ (eng); ‘sej. kayu’ (ind); ‘Tetrameles nudiflora’ (lat)

*bolay

‘monkey’ (eng); ‘kera’ (ind)

*boli

‘price’ (eng); ‘harga’ (ind)

*bolian

‘witch doctor’ (eng); ‘dukun’ (ind)

*boliuŋ

‘ax’ (eng); ‘kapak’ (ind)

*bolotu

‘boat’ (eng); ‘perahu’ (ind)

*bolusu

‘bracelet made of local skin’ (eng); ‘gelang dari kulit lokan’ (ind)

*bombaŋ

‘disband, run’ (eng); ‘bubar, lari’ (ind)

*bondis

‘poetry’ (eng); ‘syair, bersyair’ (ind)

*bondot

‘rotten, musty’ (eng); ‘busuk, apak’ (ind)

*bondu

‘fragrant’ (eng); ‘harum’ (ind)

*boŋkudu

‘noni, tree whose bark is made into red paint to color batik cloth’ (eng); ‘mengkudu, bengkudu, pohon yang kulitnya dibuat cat merah untuk mewarnai kain batik’ (ind); ‘Morinda citrifolia’ (lat)

*boŋol

‘deaf’ (eng); ‘tuli’ (ind)

*boŋolan

‘ear’ (eng); ‘talinga’ (ind)

*boniaʔ

‘eagle’ (eng); ‘burung elang’ (ind); ‘Haliastur indus intermedius, Spilornis cheela’ (lat)

*bontow

‘separated’ (eng); ‘putus’ (ind)

*boRokuak

‘ko. wading bird’ (eng); ‘sej. burung rawa’ (ind)

*boruis

‘ko. marsh bird’ (eng); ‘burung weris, sej. burung rawa’ (ind)

*bosiot

‘calf’ (eng); ‘betis’ (ind)

*bosoy

‘paddle’ (eng); ‘dayung’ (ind)

*bosug

‘full’ (eng); ‘kenyang’ (ind)

*botak

‘broken’ (eng); ‘pecah’ (ind)

*botok

‘hard to breathe’ (eng); ‘sesak napas’ (ind)

*botutu

‘cover for filling something (made of thick cloth)’ (eng); ‘sarung tempat mengisi sesuatu (terbuat dari kain tebal)’ (ind)

*buat

‘lift’ (eng); ‘angkat’ (ind)

*buaya

‘crocodile’ (eng); ‘buaya’ (ind)

*bubug

‘bruises (from being hit hard)’ (eng); ‘memar (akibat kena pukulan keras)’ (ind)

*bubuk

‘powder, ko. wood-eating termites’ (eng); ‘bubuk, sej. rayap pemakan kayu’ (ind)

*bubul

‘goosebumps (on the human body), fur (on the animal's body)’ (eng); ‘bulu roma (pada tubuh manusia), bulu (pada badan binatang)’ (ind)

*bubuŋ

‘roof connection’ (eng); ‘hubungan atap rumah’ (ind)

*bubus

‘bulk, pour’ (eng); ‘curah, tuang’ (ind)

*bubut

‘unplug it’ (eng); ‘cabut’ (ind)

*bubuʔ

‘hole’ (eng); ‘lubang’ (ind)

*budoʔ

‘downy mildew, albino’ (eng); ‘bulai, albino’ (ind)

*bui

‘go home, return’ (eng); ‘pulang, kembali’ (ind)

*buiŋ

‘charcoal (from wood or shells)’ (eng); ‘arang (dari kayu atau tempurung)’ (ind)

*buka(d,ʔ)

‘untie, release’ (eng); ‘membuka ikatan, melepaskan’ (ind)

*bukas

‘open’ (eng); ‘buka’ (ind)

*bukid

‘mountain’ (eng); ‘gunung’ (ind)

*buku

‘node (bamboo)’ (eng)

*bulan

‘month’ (eng); ‘bulan’ (ind)

*bulat

‘spur (on roosters)’ (eng); ‘taji (pada ayam jantan)’ (ind)

*bulawan

‘gold’ (eng); ‘emas’ (ind)

*buli

‘free, gone’ (eng)

*bulig

‘stretcher’ (eng); ‘usung’ (ind)

*buliʔ

‘butt’ (eng); ‘pantat’ (ind)

*buloy

‘husband and wife, marry’ (eng); ‘suami/istri, kawin’ (ind)

*bulud

‘mountain’ (eng); ‘gunung’ (ind)

*buluq

‘bamboo’ (eng); ‘bambu, buluh’ (ind)

*bunak

‘dibble’ (eng); ‘menugal’ (ind)

*buŋalawa(ŋ)

‘clove’ (eng); ‘cengkih’ (ind); ‘Eugenia aromatica’ (lat)

*buŋa(ŋ)

‘flower’ (eng); ‘bunga’ (ind)

*buŋayon

‘sand’ (eng); ‘pasir’ (ind)

*buŋaʔ

‘tip (numeral classifier for objects that are round and elongated)’ (eng); ‘ujung (kata bantu bilangan untuk benda yang bulat memanjang)’ (ind)

*buŋin

‘sand in the waterless part of the river’ (eng); ‘pasir di bagian sungai yang tak berair’ (ind)

*buni

‘hide’ (eng); ‘sembunyi’ (ind)

*bunod

‘congested’ (eng); ‘padat’ (ind)

*buntu

‘heap, pile’ (eng); ‘timbunan, onggokan’ (ind)

*buok

‘hair’ (eng); ‘rambut’ (ind)

*buoy

‘mung beans’ (eng); ‘kacang hijau’ (ind)

*buRa

‘boiling’ (eng); ‘mendidih’ (ind)

*buRak

‘pistil, ovary’ (eng); ‘putik, bakal buah’ (ind)

*buRotok

‘little mosquito’ (eng); ‘nyamuk kecil’ (ind)

*buRuk

‘rotten, bad’ (eng); ‘busuk, buruk’ (ind)

*busuŋ

‘curse’ (eng); ‘kutuk, laknat’ (ind)

*butaʔ

‘land’ (eng); ‘tanah’ (ind)

*butig

‘granules or small round objects’ (eng); ‘butiran atau benda kecil yang bulat’ (ind)

*butitiʔ

‘ko. small sea fish with a big stomach’ (eng); ‘sej. ikan laut kecil yang perutnya besar’ (ind)

*butul

‘rope knot’ (eng); ‘simpul tali’ (ind)

*butuʔ

‘testicles’ (eng); ‘buah pelir’ (ind)

*(d,g)imukud

‘good spirits, spirit of a deceased person’ (eng); ‘roh yang baik, roh orang yang sudah meninggal’ (ind)

*(d,l)abuʔ

‘fall’ (eng); ‘jatuh’ (ind)

*(d,l)ondis

‘nine’ (eng); ‘sembilu’ (ind)

*dagat

‘sea ​​water’ (eng); ‘air laut’ (ind)

*dagit

‘kidnap, sambar, e.g. chicks by eagles’ (eng); ‘culik, sambar, mis. anak ayam oleh elang’ (ind)

*dagum

‘needle’ (eng); ‘jarum’ (ind)

*dais

‘finished’ (eng); ‘habis’ (ind)

*dait

‘name’ (eng); ‘nama’ (ind)

*daki

‘climb’ (eng); ‘daki’ (ind)

*dakit

‘flame (of fire), spread (of fire from one place to another)’ (eng); ‘menyala (tentang api), menjalar (tentang api dari satu tempat ke tempat lain)’ (ind)

*dalan

‘road’ (eng); ‘jalan’ (ind)

*dalom

‘in’ (eng); ‘dalam’ (ind)

*damag

‘resin’ (eng); ‘damar’ (ind); ‘Dammara cerebica’ (lat)

*daŋat

‘crash’ (eng); ‘tabrak’ (ind)

*danow

‘lake’ (eng); ‘danau’ (ind)

*dantug

‘overlap’ (eng); ‘tindih’ (ind)

*dapat

‘until, arrive’ (eng); ‘sampai, tiba’ (ind)

*daRag

‘yellow’ (eng); ‘kuning, berwarna kuning’ (ind)

*dasog

‘load’ (eng); ‘muat, muatan’ (ind)

*datag

‘plain, level’ (eng)

*datu

‘king’ (eng); ‘raja’ (ind)

*dauʔ

‘ko. wood’ (eng); ‘sej. kayu’ (ind); ‘Dracontomelon macrocarpum’ (lat)

*diaʔ

‘not’ (eng); ‘tidak’ (ind)

*didiʔ

‘boil’ (eng); ‘mendidih’ (ind)

*dilat

‘lick’ (eng); ‘jilat’ (ind)

*dilaʔ

‘tongue’ (eng); ‘lidah’ (ind)

*dindiŋ

‘wall’ (eng); ‘dinding’ (ind)

*diug

‘near’ (eng); ‘dekat’ (ind)

*dodap

‘tiger's claw, Indian coral tree’ (eng); ‘pohon dedap’ (ind); ‘Erythrina indica’ (lat)

*dodob

‘chest’ (eng); ‘dada’ (ind)

*dodok

‘mash, e.g. pounding rice’ (eng); ‘tumbuk, mis. menumbuk padi’ (ind)

*dodop

‘early in the morning’ (eng); ‘pagi-pagi’ (ind)

*dolop

‘dive’ (eng); ‘selam, menyelam’ (ind)

*doman

‘also, as well’ (eng); ‘juga, demikian juga’ (ind)

*domok

‘catch, e.g. catch chickens’ (eng); ‘tangkap, menangkap mis. menangkap ayam’ (ind)

*doŋog

‘hear’ (eng); ‘dengar’ (ind)

*dopiʔ

‘board’ (eng); ‘papan’ (ind)

*dorot

‘overlap, pierce’ (eng); ‘tindih, tindis’ (ind)

*doRua

‘two’ (eng); ‘dua’ (ind)

*duayow

‘white stork’ (eng); ‘bangau putih’ (ind)

*dugaŋ

‘plus’ (eng); ‘tambah’ (ind)

*dugi

‘thorns’ (eng); ‘duri’ (ind)

*duguʔ

‘blood’ (eng); ‘darah’ (ind)

*dulak

‘bow (of a boat)’ (eng); ‘haluan (pada perahu)’ (ind)

*dulaŋ

‘tray’ (eng); ‘dulang’ (ind)

*dulud

‘shinbone’ (eng); ‘tulang kering’ (ind)

*duŋaʔ

‘nod (of the head)’ (eng); ‘angguk (tentang kepala)’ (ind)

*dupaʔ

‘forge, e.g. forge iron’ (eng); ‘tempa, mis. menempa besi’ (ind)

*duRaʔ

‘saliva’ (eng); ‘ludah’ (ind)

*dusunan

‘river, part of the river where you bathe’ (eng); ‘sungai, bagian sungai tempat mandi’ (ind)

*gakit(a)

‘raft’ (eng); ‘rakit’ (ind)

*gakut

‘tie’ (eng); ‘ikat’ (ind)

*gale

‘small prawns, baby shrimp’ (eng); ‘udang yang halus, anak udang’ (ind)

*galum

‘family’ (eng); ‘keluarga’ (ind)

*gamaʔ

‘take’ (eng); ‘ambil’ (ind)

*gantaŋ

‘bushel’ (eng); ‘gantang’ (ind)

*gapus

‘hug, embrace’ (eng); ‘peluk, rangkul’ (ind)

*gasut

‘hundred’ (eng); ‘ratus’ (ind)

*gau

‘cigarette’ (eng); ‘rokok’ (ind)

*gian

‘jealous’ (eng); ‘cemburu’ (ind)

*gigis

‘rub, clean’ (eng); ‘gosok, membersihkan’ (ind)

*gina(w)a

‘like, want to’ (eng); ‘suka, mau’ (ind)

*giow

‘noisy, commotion’ (eng); ‘ribut, keributan’ (ind)

*gioy

‘stick’ (eng); ‘lidi’ (ind)

*girud

‘pull, tug’ (eng); ‘tarik, hela’ (ind)

*gisiŋ(a)

‘hair that grows between the ears and temples’ (eng); ‘rambut yang tumbuh di antara telinga dan pelipis’ (ind)

*gobiʔi

‘evening’ (eng); ‘malam’ (ind)

*godom

‘brood’ (eng); ‘eram’ (ind)

*gogaRi

‘rest’ (eng); ‘istirahat’ (ind)

*gogoRon

‘hungry’ (eng); ‘lapar’ (ind)

*gogutuʔ

‘behavior’ (eng); ‘tingkah laku’ (ind)

*golokap

‘#VALUE!’ (eng)

*golopak

‘kicking sound, e.g. kick sound’ (eng); ‘bunyi 'pak', mis. bunyi sepakan’ (ind)

*golotup

‘explode, erupt’ (eng); ‘letup, letus’ (ind)

*gonugur

‘concussion (a resounding sound, e.g. thunder)’ (eng); ‘gegar (bunyi yang bergegar, mis. bunyi halilintar)’ (ind)

*gosiʔan

‘rattan whose stems are quite smooth’ (eng); ‘rotan yang batangnya agak halus’ (ind)

*gugur

‘shake’ (eng); ‘goyang, guncang’ (ind)

*guman

‘speak, say’ (eng); ‘bilang, katakan’ (ind)

*gumaʔ

‘machete sheath’ (eng); ‘sarung parang’ (ind)

*gumuk

‘buzz’ (eng); ‘dengung, dengungan’ (ind)

*gupis

‘pinch’ (eng); ‘jepit’ (ind)

*guRa-guRaŋ

‘older brother’ (eng); ‘kakak’ (ind)

*guRaŋ

‘old’ (eng); ‘tua’ (ind)

*gusuk

‘rib’ (eng); ‘rusuk’ (ind)

*guʔal

‘lever’ (eng); ‘tuas, pengungkit’ (ind)

*guʔod

‘still young, not yet cooked e.g. fruit’ (eng); ‘masih muda, belum masak mis. buah-buhahan’ (ind)

*guʔos

‘gum’ (eng); ‘gusi’ (ind)

*inaʔ

‘mother’ (eng); ‘ibu’ (ind)

*indeʔ

‘mother’ (eng); ‘ibu’ (ind)

*iŋkag

‘dry’ (eng); ‘kering’ (ind)

*ipus

‘tail’ (eng); ‘ekor’ (ind)

*iRok

‘armpit’ (eng); ‘ketiak’ (ind)

*iRup

‘blow’ (eng); ‘tiup’ (ind)

*jaŋkal

‘inappropriate, not quite right’ (eng); ‘tidak pantas, kurang beres’ (ind)

*(k,p)oRuntuŋ

‘dandruff, dirt on the scalp’ (eng); ‘ketombe, kotoran di kulit kepala’ (ind)

*kabal

‘invulnerable (of the body)’ (eng); ‘kebal (tentang badan)’ (ind)

*kabauŋaʔ

‘basket’ (eng); ‘bakul’ (ind)

*kabilaʔ

‘container for betel vine and areca nut’ (eng); ‘cerana (tempat sirih dan pinang)’ (ind)

*kais

‘cow, sweep’ (eng); ‘sapi, menyapu’ (ind)

*kait

‘hook’ (eng); ‘kait’ (ind)

*kali

‘dig’ (eng); ‘gali’ (ind)

*kalibombaŋ

‘butterfly’ (eng); ‘kupu-kupu’ (ind)

*kalow

‘hornbill’ (eng); ‘burung taon’ (ind)

*kami

‘we (excl)’ (eng); ‘kami’ (ind)

*kamu

‘you’ (eng); ‘anda’ (ind)

*kapi(n,ŋ)

‘more (in total e.g. one hundred more)’ (eng); ‘lebih (di dalam jumlah mis. seratus lebih)’ (ind)

*kapos

‘cotton thread (spun by yourself)’ (eng); ‘benang dari kapas (yang dipintal sendiri)’ (ind)

*karit

‘scratched, get scratched, e.g. body skin by nails’ (eng); ‘tergores, kena goresan, mis. kulit badan oleh paku’ (ind)

*kaRug

‘shave, e.g. shave hair, grate (measuring coconut)’ (eng); ‘cukur, mis. mencukur rambut, kukur (mengukur kelapa)’ (ind)

*karut

‘scratches, tear, e.g. clothes torn from being scratched by nails’ (eng); ‘goresan, robekan, mis. baju robek karena tergores paku’ (ind)

*kasiʔ

‘pity (interjection)’ (eng); ‘kasihan (kata seru)’ (ind)

*kasow

‘rafters (on a house)’ (eng); ‘kasau (pada rumah)’ (ind)

*katig

‘outrigger, carrier (on a boat)’ (eng); ‘katir, penggandung (pada perahu)’ (ind)

*kayab

‘fan (body fan if the air is hot)’ (eng); ‘kipas (pengipas badan jika udara panas)’ (ind)

*kayu

‘wood’ (eng); ‘kayu’ (ind)

*kaʔan

‘eat’ (eng); ‘makan’ (ind)

*kekeb

‘big wound that won't heal’ (eng); ‘luka besar yang tak kunjung sembuh’ (ind)

*kidit

‘small, narrow’ (eng); ‘kecil, sempit’ (ind)

*kikil

‘bite’ (eng); ‘gigit’ (ind)

*kikis

‘scrape’ (eng); ‘kikis’ (ind)

*kilat

‘lightning’ (eng); ‘kilat’ (ind)

*kiŋkim

‘hem, sew the edge of the shirt’ (eng); ‘kelim, menjahit bagian pinggir baju’ (ind)

*kintid

‘large veins on the heel’ (eng); ‘urat besar pada tumit’ (ind)

*kiput

‘small, tight, e.g. about the size of the clothes’ (eng); ‘kecil, sesak, mis. tentang ukuran baju’ (ind)

*kiRap

‘blink (of the eyes)’ (eng); ‘kedip (tentang mata)’ (ind)

*kire

‘forehead’ (eng); ‘kening’ (ind)

*kiri(k,t)

‘shout’ (eng); ‘teriak’ (ind)

*kita

‘we (incl)’ (eng); ‘kita’ (ind)

*kogaŋ

‘wounded skin that has hardened’ (eng); ‘kulit luka yang telah mengeras’ (ind)

*kokab

‘opening or flapping wings (of birds or chickens if they want to fly)’ (eng); ‘membuka atau mengepakkan sayap (tentang burung atau ayam jika akan terbang)’ (ind)

*kokap

‘touch, grope (in the dark)’ (eng); ‘raba, meraba (di dalam gelap)’ (ind)

*kokob

‘chew’ (eng); ‘kunyah’ (ind)

*kokod

‘hug, embrace’ (eng); ‘peluk, rangkul’ (ind)

*kolawag

‘turmeric’ (eng); ‘kunyit’ (ind); ‘Curcuma’ (lat)

*kolikip

‘wings (in birds)’ (eng); ‘sayap (pada unggas)’ (ind)

*koloanan

‘right’ (eng); ‘kanan’ (ind)

*koloigi

‘left’ (eng); ‘kiri’ (ind)

*koloŋ

‘large chunks, e.g. logs’ (eng); ‘potongan besar, mis. batang kayu’ (ind)

*komalig

‘palace’ (eng); ‘istana’ (ind)

*kombiloy

‘ko. mango’ (eng); ‘sej. mangga’ (ind); ‘Mangifera indica’ (lat)

*kombos

‘ko. guava’ (eng); ‘sej. jambu’ (ind); ‘Eugenia’ (lat)

*kompit

‘sticky’ (eng); ‘lekat, lengket’ (ind)

*kompoŋ

‘stomach (food bag)’ (eng); ‘perut (kantong makanan)’ (ind)

*kon

‘in, It is in, located in’ (eng); ‘di, ada di, berada di’ (ind)

*ko(ŋ)kaRugan

‘coconut shavings’ (eng); ‘kukuran kelapa’ (ind)

*koŋkom

‘fist’ (eng); ‘genggam’ (ind)

*konuku

‘nail’ (eng); ‘kuku’ (ind)

*koRak

‘phlegm (which comes out of the mouth when coughing)’ (eng); ‘dahak (yang keluar dari mulut ketika batuk)’ (ind)

*koRoŋian

‘(person) noble, (class) nobles’ (eng); ‘(orang) bangsawan, (golongan) ningrat’ (ind)

*koRoŋkam

‘chicken lice (white)’ (eng); ‘kutu ayam (berwarna putih)’ (ind)

*koRot

‘hazy (versus clear, about water)’ (eng); ‘kabur (lawan jernih, tentang air)’ (ind)

*koRow

‘message’ (eng); ‘pesan’ (ind)

*korut

‘pinch’ (eng); ‘cubit’ (ind)

*kosili

‘bullock fish’ (eng); ‘ikan bulit’ (ind)

*kosiŋ

‘laugh’ (eng); ‘tertawa’ (ind)

*koyaŋkaʔ

‘dry coconut leaves’ (eng); ‘daun kelapa yang kering’ (ind)

*kude(p,t)eŋ

‘crocodile’ (eng); ‘buaya’ (ind)

*kukub

‘closed’ (eng); ‘tutup’ (ind)

*kukud

‘scratch’ (eng); ‘garuk’ (ind)

*kukulan

‘device for making announcements to the public, made from a piece of bamboo that is hollowed out lengthwise and beaten with a piece of wood’ (eng); ‘tetengkoran (alat pemanggil khalayak terbuat dari seruas bambu yang dilubangi membujur dan dipukul dengan sepotong kayu)’ (ind)

*kukup

‘surrounded (human body swamped by ants), wrapped’ (eng); ‘dikerumuni (badan manusia oleh semut), dibungkus’ (ind)

*kulau(g)

‘mix, mix up’ (eng); ‘campur, campur baur’ (ind)

*kulit

‘skin’ (eng); ‘kulit’ (ind)

*kulug

‘shave or shave (of hair)’ (eng); ‘cukur atau menggunduli (tentang rambut)’ (ind)

*kumonsi

‘breadfruit’ (eng); ‘sukun’ (ind); ‘Artocarpus sp.’ (lat)

*kuŋkum

‘curved, bent’ (eng); ‘lengkung, bengkok’ (ind)

*kunsiʔ

‘key’ (eng); ‘kunci’ (ind)

*kuon

‘so and so, something’ (eng); ‘anu, sesuatu’ (ind)

*kupa

‘ko. guava’ (eng); ‘sej. jambu’ (ind); ‘Eugenia malaccensis’ (lat)

*kupi(t)

‘fold’ (eng); ‘lipat’ (ind)

*kuRaŋa

‘hibiscus’ (eng); ‘kembang sepatu’ (ind); ‘Hibiscus rosa-sinensis’ (lat)

*kuRo(n,ŋ)

‘pot’ (eng); ‘belanga’ (ind)

*kusoy

‘cuscus’ (eng); ‘kuskus’ (ind); ‘Phalangista ursina’ (lat)

*kutu

‘flea’ (eng); ‘kutu’ (ind)

*kuʔak

‘shout’ (eng); ‘teriak’ (ind)

*lagaʔ

‘big red ant’ (eng); ‘semut besar berwarna merah’ (ind)

*laguy

‘run, run away’ (eng); ‘lari, minggat’ (ind)

*lai

‘bunch (of coconuts)’ (eng); ‘tandan (tentang buah kelapa)’ (ind)

*laig

‘dangau’ (eng); ‘dangau’ (ind)

*lakow

‘go, walk’ (eng); ‘pergi, berjalan’ (ind)

*lamag

‘smooth and shiny’ (eng); ‘licin dan berkilat’ (ind)

*lambuŋ

‘dress’ (eng); ‘baju’ (ind)

*lamenat

‘fast, deft’ (eng); ‘cepat, cekatan’ (ind)

*lampaŋ

‘long steps’ (eng); ‘langkah yang panjang’ (ind)

*lana

‘coconut oil’ (eng); ‘minyak kelapa’ (ind)

*laŋit

‘sky’ (eng); ‘langit’ (ind)

*laŋkapan

‘termite’ (eng); ‘ani-ani’ (ind)

*laŋou (2)

‘drunk’ (eng); ‘mabuk’ (ind)

*laŋow (1)

‘fly’ (eng); ‘lalat’ (ind)

*lanit

‘sharp’ (eng); ‘tajam’ (ind)

*lansat

‘langsat’ (eng); ‘langsat’ (ind); ‘Lansium domesticum’ (lat)

*lansik

‘jump’ (eng); ‘lompat’ (ind)

*lantak

‘float’ (eng); ‘terapung’ (ind)

*lantuŋ

‘pet confinement’ (eng); ‘kurungan binatang peliharaan’ (ind)

*lapas

‘finished’ (eng); ‘selesai, rampung’ (ind)

*lapaʔ

‘short machete’ (eng); ‘parang pendek’ (ind)

*la(w)at

‘rare’ (eng); ‘jarang’ (ind)

*layag

‘sail’ (eng); ‘layar’ (ind)

*layaŋ

‘throw away’ (eng); ‘buang’ (ind)

*layug

‘tall, fly’ (eng); ‘tinggi, melayang’ (ind)

*leʔad

‘straighten teeth’ (eng); ‘memepat atau meratakan gigi’ (ind)

*libano

‘wash hands’ (eng); ‘mencuci tangan’ (ind)

*libod

‘winding, circumference’ (eng); ‘lilit, lingkar’ (ind)

*libogoʔ

‘umbrella mushroom’ (eng); ‘cendawan payung’ (ind)

*libuton

‘island’ (eng); ‘pulau’ (ind)

*ligaonan

‘fishing rod’ (eng); ‘tangkai pancing’ (ind)

*ligis

‘crazy’ (eng); ‘gilas’ (ind)

*lika

‘bedbug’ (eng); ‘kutu busuk’ (ind)

*lilid

‘roll’ (eng); ‘guling’ (ind)

*lima

‘five, hand’ (eng); ‘lima, tangan’ (ind)

*limas

‘pyramid, sauk (of water)’ (eng); ‘limas, sauk (tentang air)’ (ind)

*limbuŋ

‘round’ (eng); ‘bulat, bundar’ (ind)

*limod

‘silent murder (in a quiet place)’ (eng); ‘pembunuhan secara diam-diam (di tempat yang sunyi)’ (ind)

*limpudoŋ

‘imitate the round one’ (eng); ‘nyiru yang bundar’ (ind)

*limu

‘orange, lime’ (eng); ‘jeruk, limau’ (ind); ‘Citrus sp.’ (lat)

*limumug

‘gargle’ (eng); ‘kumur’ (ind)

*liŋaŋas

‘hot (of the body when sweating)’ (eng); ‘panas (tentang badan ketika berkeringat)’ (ind)

*liŋkag

‘fast (of how to walk)’ (eng); ‘cepat (tentang cara berjalan)’ (ind)

*liŋkis

‘bracelet’ (eng); ‘gelang’ (ind)

*liŋkop

‘closed’ (eng); ‘tutup’ (ind)

*linow

‘pool (deep part of the river)’ (eng); ‘lubuk (bagian sungai yang dalam)’ (ind)

*lintaʔ

‘leech’ (eng); ‘lintah’ (ind)

*linug

‘earthquake’ (eng); ‘gempa bumi’ (ind)

*liod

‘footstep’ (eng); ‘jejak’ (ind)

*lioŋ

‘forget’ (eng); ‘lupa’ (ind)

*lipat

‘forget’ (eng); ‘lupa’ (ind)

*lipuʔ

‘country, village’ (eng); ‘negeri, kampung’ (ind)

*lisaʔ

‘lice eggs’ (eng); ‘telur kutu’ (ind)

*litod

‘twisted (of rope)’ (eng); ‘pilin (tentang tali)’ (ind)

*lituʔ

‘sit down’ (eng); ‘duduk’ (ind)

*loboŋ

‘plant, bury’ (eng); ‘tanam, kubur’ (ind)

*logot

‘bone’ (eng); ‘ketulangan’ (ind)

*lokad

‘raised, out of place’ (eng); ‘terangkat, keluar dari tempatnya’ (ind)

*lokat

‘peel, release from attachment’ (eng); ‘mengupas, melepaskan dari lekatan’ (ind)

*lolaki

‘man’ (eng); ‘laki-laki’ (ind)

*loleŋkelan

‘kettle’ (eng); ‘cerek’ (ind)

*lolosobon

‘crown’ (eng); ‘ubun-ubun’ (ind)

*lomontik

‘large black ants’ (eng); ‘semut hitam yang besar badannya’ (ind)

*lomos

‘drown to death’ (eng); ‘mati tenggelam’ (ind)

*lompias

‘starfruit’ (eng); ‘belimbing’ (ind); ‘Averrhoa blimbi, Averrhoa carambola’ (lat)

*loŋa

‘ko. banana’ (eng); ‘sej. pisang (pisang tanduk)’ (ind)

*loŋkab

‘large cuts or incisions’ (eng); ‘potongan atau sayatan besar’ (ind)

*loŋuŋu

‘nape’ (eng); ‘tengkuk’ (ind)

*losiŋ

‘vinegar, sour’ (eng); ‘cuka, asam’ (ind)

*losuŋ

‘mortar’ (eng); ‘lesung’ (ind)

*losut

‘hollow, holes (especially the bottom/butt)’ (eng); ‘bolong, berlubang (terutama bagian bawah/pantat)’ (ind)

*loto

‘basket’ (eng); ‘bakul’ (ind)

*luag

‘loose, e.g. clothes size’ (eng); ‘longgar, mis. ukuran baju’ (ind)

*luaʔ

‘tears’ (eng); ‘air mata’ (ind)

*lubid

‘twisted (of rope)’ (eng); ‘pilin (tentang tali)’ (ind)

*lugus

‘betel nut’ (eng); ‘pinang’ (ind); ‘Areca catecha’ (lat)

*lukad

‘keep, guard’ (eng); ‘jaga, menjaga’ (ind)

*luli

‘healed’ (eng); ‘sembuh’ (ind)

*lulut

‘cook using bamboo strips as a container’ (eng); ‘memasak dengan menggunakan seruas bambu sebagai wadahnya’ (ind)

*lumbuʔ

‘throw away’ (eng); ‘buang’ (ind)

*lumpiŋ

‘weak, sluggish’ (eng); ‘lemah, lesu’ (ind)

*lumut

‘moss’ (eng); ‘lumut’ (ind); ‘Musci, Najas celebica’ (lat)

*lunow

‘green’ (eng); ‘hijau’ (ind)

*lupug

‘lazy, weak’ (eng); ‘malas, lemah’ (ind)

*lutan

‘shoot’ (eng); ‘tembak’ (ind)

*luton

‘fire’ (eng); ‘api’ (ind)

*lutuʔ

‘cook’ (eng); ‘masak’ (ind)

*ma(g)iʔ

‘let, here’ (eng); ‘mari, ke mari’ (ind)

*mamaʔ

‘betel’ (eng); ‘sirih’ (ind)

*mamaʔan

‘areca nut’ (eng); ‘pinang’ (ind); ‘Areca catechu)’ (lat)

*maŋkubiʔ

‘demon’ (eng); ‘setan’ (ind)

*manuk

‘chicken’ (eng); ‘ayam’ (ind)

*mata

‘eye’ (eng); ‘mata’ (ind)

*matoy

‘dead’ (eng); ‘mati’ (ind)

*minaŋa

‘river’ (eng); ‘sungai’ (ind)

*mo(b)aliʔ

‘can’ (eng); ‘boleh’ (ind)

*monag

‘down’ (eng); ‘turun’ (ind)

*moŋodeaga

‘girl, virgin’ (eng); ‘gadis, dara’ (ind)

*moŋom

‘why’ (eng); ‘mengapa’ (ind)

*mula

‘plant’ (eng); ‘tanam’ (ind)

*(m)una

‘at first’ (eng); ‘mula-mula’ (ind)

*munsoŋ

‘snot, dirt nose’ (eng); ‘ingus, kotoran hidung’ (ind)

*(n,d)igu

‘ko. winnowing tray’ (eng); ‘nyiru’ (ind)

*(n,l)aŋuy

‘swim’ (eng); ‘berenang’ (ind)

*nam(b)ug

‘dew (which sticks to the grass)’ (eng); ‘embun (yang melekat di rerumputan)’ (ind)

*nanam

‘taste of food’ (eng); ‘rasa makanan’ (ind)

*nanaʔ

‘pus’ (eng); ‘nanah’ (ind)

*naŋga

‘jackfruit’ (eng); ‘nangka’ (ind); ‘Artocarpus integrifolia’ (lat)

*natu

‘egg’ (eng); ‘telur’ (ind)

*ŋaŋa

‘mouth’ (eng); ‘mulut’ (ind)

*ŋantiŋanti(ŋ)

‘earrings’ (eng); ‘anting-anting’ (ind)

*ŋipon

‘tooth’ (eng); ‘gigi’ (ind)

*(ŋ)iRuŋ

‘nose’ (eng); ‘hidung’ (ind)

*ŋisi

‘open and shows teeth’ (eng); ‘membuka mulut seraya menampakkan gigi’ (ind)

*ŋoŋot

‘pain’ (eng); ‘kesakitan’ (ind)

*nilu

‘hurt’ (eng); ‘ngilu’ (ind)

*ninis

‘rub’ (eng); ‘gosok’ (ind)

*nipaʔ

‘ko. palm’ (eng); ‘nipah’ (ind); ‘Nipa fructicans’ (lat)

*noŋko

‘from, came from’ (eng); ‘dari, berasal dari’ (ind)

*noŋonu

‘why’ (eng); ‘mengapa’ (ind)

*nunuk

‘banyan tree’ (eng); ‘pohon beringin’ (ind); ‘Ficus benjamina’ (lat)

*(o)baga

‘shoulder’ (eng); ‘bahu’ (ind)

*(o)batog

‘ko. white caterpillar the size of a thumb’ (eng); ‘sej. ulat berwarna putih sebesar ibu jari tangan’ (ind)

*olad

‘split’ (eng); ‘terbelah’ (ind)

*(o)limaŋow

‘big crab’ (eng); ‘kepiting besar’ (ind)

*(o)lua(n)ti

‘worm’ (eng); ‘cacing’ (ind)

*omut

‘fragrant’ (eng); ‘harum’ (ind)

*ondok

‘afraid’ (eng); ‘takut’ (ind)

*onow

‘cold’ (eng); ‘dingin’ (ind)

*(o)poRu

‘bile’ (eng); ‘empedu’ (ind)

*oRaʔ

‘embarrassed’ (eng); ‘malu’ (ind)

*oyod

‘press’ (eng); ‘tekan’ (ind)

*padaŋ

‘kunai grass’ (eng); ‘alang-alang’ (ind); ‘Imperata arundinacea’ (lat)

*pagi

‘stingray’ (eng); ‘ikan pari’ (ind)

*pajanaŋan

‘antique copper lamp’ (eng); ‘lampu antik dari tembaga’ (ind)

*(pa)joŋkeʔ

‘ko. traditional dances’ (eng); ‘sej. tarian tradisional’ (ind)

*paki(a,ʔ)

‘top’ (eng); ‘gasing’ (ind)

*pakuʔ

‘fern’ (eng); ‘sayur paku’ (ind); ‘Asplenium esculentum’ (lat)

*palad

‘footprint (hand or foot)’ (eng); ‘tapak (tangan atau kaki)’ (ind)

*palempaŋ

‘midrib, e.g. coconut leaf midrib’ (eng); ‘pelepah, mis. pelepah daun kelapa’ (ind)

*paliaʔ

‘bitter gourd’ (eng); ‘paria’ (ind); ‘Momordica charantia’ (lat)

*palit

‘around, surround’ (eng); ‘keliling, mengelilingi’ (ind)

*paliʔ

‘wound’ (eng); ‘luka’ (ind)

*palut

‘finished’ (eng); ‘selesai, rampung’ (ind)

*pampiŋ

‘move’ (eng); ‘pindah’ (ind)

*panas

‘sick’ (eng); ‘sakit’ (ind)

*panaʔ

‘arrow’ (eng); ‘panah’ (ind)

*pandiŋ

‘water jug’ (eng); ‘tempayan’ (ind)

*paŋi

‘pangi tree, the leaves are edible’ (eng); ‘pohon pangi, daunnya dapat dimakan’ (ind); ‘Pangium edule’ (lat)

*paŋimpaʔ

‘embankment (in rice fields)’ (eng); ‘pematang (di sawah)’ (ind)

*paŋkoy

‘stalk, e.g. flower stalk’ (eng); ‘tangkai, mis. tangkai bunga’ (ind)

*paŋkul

‘o'clock, wrought’ (eng); ‘pukul, tempa’ (ind)

*paRoy

‘rice’ (eng); ‘padi’ (ind); ‘Oriza sativa’ (lat)

*pasat

‘bright, clear (of sight)’ (eng); ‘terang, jelas (tentang penglihatan)’ (ind)

*pasig

‘coral (in the middle of the sea)’ (eng); ‘karang (di tengah laut)’ (ind)

*pasok

‘stake (fence post)’ (eng); ‘pancang (tiang pagar)’ (ind)

*pasuʔ

‘hot’ (eng); ‘panas’ (ind)

*pataʔ

‘sheet’ (eng); ‘lembar, helai’ (ind)

*patoy

‘kill’ (eng); ‘bunuh’ (ind)

*patuju

‘objective, meaning’ (eng); ‘tujuan, maksud’ (ind)

*pa(ʔ,w)a

‘thigh’ (eng); ‘paha’ (ind)

*paʔan

‘bait’ (eng); ‘umpan’ (ind)

*paʔit

‘bitter’ (eng); ‘pahit’ (ind)

*peŋko(l)

‘club (of the foot)’ (eng); ‘pengkor (tentang kaki)’ (ind)

*pigis

‘beam on the floor of the house’ (eng); ‘balok pada lantai rumah’ (ind)

*piliʔ

‘choose’ (eng); ‘pilih, memilih’ (ind)

*piŋi

‘huddled together, e.g. about bananas’ (eng); ‘berdempet, mis. tentang buah pisang’ (ind)

*pinsud

‘stumble, e.g. stone feet when walking’ (eng); ‘terantuk, mis. kaki batu ketika berjalan’ (ind)

*pintad

‘beach’ (eng); ‘pantai’ (ind)

*pipid

‘arrange (to be orderly, of elongated objects)’ (eng); ‘susun, menyusun (supaya teratur, tentang benda-benda yang memanjang)’ (ind)

*pipik

‘dodge, flounder’ (eng); ‘tepis, gelepar’ (ind)

*pipis

‘chick’ (eng); ‘anak ayam’ (ind)

*pipiʔ

‘wash’ (eng); ‘cuci’ (ind)

*piRa

‘good’ (eng); ‘baik’ (ind)

*pisok

‘blind in one eye’ (eng); ‘buta mata sebelah’ (ind)

*pisow

‘knife’ (eng); ‘pisau’ (ind)

*pitotan

‘tight knot’ (eng); ‘ikatan yang erat’ (ind)

*pitu

‘seven’ (eng); ‘tujuh’ (ind)

*podilas

‘spleen’ (eng); ‘limpa’ (ind)

*pogi(ʔ,aʔ)

‘other, another, except’ (eng); ‘lain, yang lain, kecuali’ (ind)

*polok

‘short’ (eng); ‘pendek’ (ind)

*pompaŋ

‘cliff on the river bank’ (eng); ‘tebing di tepi sungai’ (ind)

*pomponu

‘turtle’ (eng); ‘kura-kura’ (ind)

*po(m)poriʔ

‘sting, painful’ (eng); ‘perih, pedih’ (ind)

*ponag

‘down’ (eng); ‘turun’ (ind)

*pondam(a)

‘feeling’ (eng); ‘perasaan’ (ind)

*pondos

‘ko. rattan’ (eng); ‘sej. rotan’ (ind)

*poŋkoʔ

‘devil whose job is to take people's hearts’ (eng); ‘iblis yang kerjanya mengambil jantung orang’ (ind)

*ponik

‘go on’ (eng); ‘naik’ (ind)

*poniki

‘bat’ (eng); ‘kelelawar’ (ind)

*ponod

‘congested, pithy’ (eng); ‘padat, bernas’ (ind)

*popas

‘wipe, delete, eliminate, e.g. writing’ (eng); ‘hapus, menghapus, menghilangkan, mis. tulisan’ (ind)

*popod

‘tip (of an elongated object)’ (eng); ‘ujung (dari benda yang memanjang)’ (ind)

*poriamaʔ

‘star’ (eng); ‘bintang’ (ind)

*poRok

‘smoke (from combustion)’ (eng); ‘asap (dari hasil pembakaran)’ (ind)

*porot

‘very hurt, really hurts’ (eng); ‘perih sekali, sakit sekali’ (ind)

*posaʔan

‘carry’ (eng); ‘pikul’ (ind)

*posoʔlo

‘tube from bamboo strips’ (eng); ‘tabung dari seruas bambu’ (ind)

*posut

‘broken, erupted’ (eng); ‘pecah, meletus’ (ind)

*potik

‘tick (with fingertips)’ (eng); ‘kutik (dengan ujung jari)’ (ind)

*potuŋ

‘piggy bank made of bamboo’ (eng); ‘celengan dari seruas bambu’ (ind)

*pugitaʔ

‘octopus’ (eng); ‘gurita’ (ind); ‘Polyp’ (lat)

*pugus

‘squeeze (by hand, e.g. squeezing coconut milk from coconuts to make oil)’ (eng); ‘peras (dengan tangan, mis. memeras santan dari kelapa kukur yang akan dibuat minyak)’ (ind)

*puki

‘female genitalia’ (eng); ‘kemaluan perempuan’ (ind)

*puliŋ (1)

‘full, e.g. water in the baking dish’ (eng); ‘penuh, mis. air di dalam loyang’ (ind)

*puliŋ (2)

‘sty, foreign object in the eye’ (eng); ‘lilip, benda asing di mata’ (ind)

*pulod

‘pieces of wood that still have fire on them’ (eng); ‘potongan kayu yang masih ada apinya’ (ind)

*pulu

‘handle’ (eng); ‘gagang, mis. gagang garang’ (ind)

*pulut

‘pulut, sap’ (eng); ‘pulut, getah’ (ind)

*puluʔ

‘tens’ (eng); ‘puluh’ (ind)

*punoy

‘ko. bird’ (eng); ‘burung punai’ (ind)

*puntianaʔ

‘ko. ghost’ (eng); ‘kuntilanak’ (ind)

*-punuʔ

‘magnifier’ (eng); ‘pembesar’ (ind)

*pupug

‘scabies’ (eng); ‘kudis’ (ind)

*pupuk

‘live together’ (eng); ‘hidup bersama-sama’ (ind)

*puRa

‘red’ (eng); ‘merah’ (ind)

*pusod

‘navel, central (in the middle of the stomach)’ (eng); ‘pusar, pusat (pada tengah perut)’ (ind)

*pusoŋi

‘cheek’ (eng); ‘pipi’ (ind)

*pusuŋ

‘banana blossom’ (eng); ‘jantung pisang’ (ind)

*pusuʔ

‘heart’ (eng); ‘jantung’ (ind)

*puti(k,ʔ)

‘white’ (eng); ‘putih’ (ind)

*putut

‘wrap’ (eng); ‘bungkus’ (ind)

*puyuŋ

‘bun’ (eng); ‘sanggul’ (ind)

*puyut

‘pick up’ (eng); ‘pungut’ (ind)

*Rabut

‘unplug, snatch’ (eng); ‘cabut, renggut’ (ind)

*Rakup

‘catch, handheld’ (eng); ‘tangkap, genggam’ (ind)

*ranat

‘spicy (of chili peppers)’ (eng); ‘pedas (tentang lombok)’ (ind)

*raŋa

‘branching, e.g. about deer antlers’ (eng); ‘bercabang, mis. tentang tanduk rusa’ (ind)

*raŋkaŋ

‘tip of a bamboo tree with branches’ (eng); ‘ujung pohon bambu yang beranting’ (ind)

*raŋkis

‘cut, e.g. rope’ (eng); ‘potong, mis. tali’ (ind)

*raŋkom

‘handheld’ (eng); ‘genggam’ (ind)

*Raŋow

‘irritated’ (eng); ‘jengkel’ (ind)

*rante

‘chain’ (eng); ‘rantai’ (ind)

*ratab

‘cut, crop, e.g. grass or trees’ (eng); ‘potong, pangkas, mis. rumput atau pohon’ (ind)

*rataʔ

‘slaughter’ (eng); ‘sembelih’ (ind)

*Rayuʔ

‘far’ (eng); ‘jauh’ (ind)

*Raʔat

‘wicked, bad’ (eng); ‘jahat, jelek’ (ind)

*ribatuk

‘run’ (eng); ‘lari’ (ind)

*ribu

‘thousand’ (eng); ‘ribu’ (ind)

*ribut

‘hurricane’ (eng); ‘angin topan’ (ind)

*rikut

‘grass’ (eng); ‘rumput’ (ind)

*rinag

‘shiny clean’ (eng); ‘bersih mengilap’ (ind)

*Rintok

‘small’ (eng); ‘kecil’ (ind)

*Rogaŋ

‘thirsty, dry’ (eng); ‘haus, kering’ (ind)

*rogi

‘angry’ (eng); ‘marah’ (ind)

*rogot

‘heavy (of rain)’ (eng); ‘deras (tentang hujan)’ (ind)

*Rondog

‘slip, e.g. because the road is slippery’ (eng); ‘terpeleset, mis. karena jalan yang licin’ (ind)

*Roŋit

‘mosquito’ (eng); ‘nyamuk’ (ind)

*roŋkor

‘slit, slaughter’ (eng); ‘gorok, sembelih’ (ind)

*Ropa

‘fathom’ (eng); ‘depa’ (ind)

*Ropit

‘snatch from top to bottom, e.g. corn from the tree or twigs from its branches’ (eng); ‘merenggut dari atas ke bawah, mis. buah jagung dari pohonnya atau ranting dari cabangnya’ (ind)

*Ropot

‘strong (of power)’ (eng); ‘kuat (tentang tenaga)’ (ind)

*Ropuʔ

‘die silly, dead’ (eng); ‘mati konyol, mampus’ (ind)

*roton

‘tense, strong’ (eng); ‘tegang, kuat’ (ind)

*rudus

‘fall, luruh (of fruit or duan)’ (eng); ‘gugur, luruh (tentang buah atau duan)’ (ind)

*Rugaʔ

‘destroyed, very soft, e.g. because it was submerged for a long time’ (eng); ‘hancur, lembek sekali, mis. karena terendam lama’ (ind)

*ruit

‘pointed’ (eng); ‘runcing’ (ind)

*rumboŋ

‘deep and round, e.g. plate’ (eng); ‘dalam dan bulat, mis. piring’ (ind)

*Rumog

‘broken, destroyed, e.g. glass or plate’ (eng); ‘pecah, hancur, mis. gelas atau piring’ (ind)

*RuRag

‘pull down fruits repeatedly (roughly)’ (eng); ‘jolok berulang-ulang (dengan kasar)’ (ind)

*ruruk

‘bastard (cuss word for men)’ (eng); ‘bangsat (kata makian untuk laki-laki)’ (ind)

*sabaʔ

‘tell me’ (eng); ‘suruh’ (ind)

*sabud

‘sprinkle, scattered’ (eng); ‘tabur, hambur’ (ind)

*sadaŋ

‘hooked, e.g. clothes on nails on the wall’ (eng); ‘sangkut, mis. baju pada paku di dinding’ (ind)

*sadik

‘gore’ (eng); ‘menanduk’ (ind)

*sagin

‘banana’ (eng); ‘pisang’ (ind)

*said

‘comb’ (eng); ‘sisir’ (ind)

*sakaija

‘blood red color, e.g. cloth’ (eng); ‘warna merah darah, mis. kain’ (ind)

*sakit

‘sick’ (eng); ‘sakit’ (ind)

*sakoy

‘go on, drive’ (eng); ‘naik, mengendarai’ (ind)

*sakul

‘spear, e.g. towards animals’ (eng); ‘menombak, mis. terhadap binatang’ (ind)

*salaʔ

‘wrong’ (eng); ‘salah’ (ind)

*salempaŋ

‘(cloth) sash’ (eng); ‘(kain) selempang’ (ind)

*salog

‘house floor’ (eng); ‘lantai rumah’ (ind)

*salug

‘water’ (eng); ‘air’ (ind)

*saluy

‘buy’ (eng); ‘beli’ (ind)

*sampaŋ

‘straddle (of the legs)’ (eng); ‘kangkang (tentang kaki)’ (ind)

*sandip

‘insert, skid’ (eng); ‘sisip, selip’ (ind)

*san(d)ob

‘remember, recalled’ (eng); ‘ingat, kenang’ (ind)

*saŋaͨ

‘branch’ (eng); ‘cabang’ (ind)

*saŋit

‘cry’ (eng); ‘tangis’ (ind)

*sapat

‘put, e.g. something on the table’ (eng); ‘meletakkan, mis. sesuatu benda di atas meja’ (ind)

*sapul

‘guess’ (eng); ‘terka’ (ind)

*saput

‘shroud, wrap’ (eng); ‘kafan, bungkus’ (ind)

*sapuʔ

‘meat’ (eng); ‘daging’ (ind)

*saRowon

‘advance, front, (face to face), eg the location of the house’ (eng); ‘muka, depan, (ber)hadapan, mis letak rumah’ (ind)

*saRuk

‘scoop, dip, e.g. water from the pool’ (eng); ‘sauk, ciduk, mis. air dari kolam’ (ind)

*sasaʔ

‘sago or palm leaves (as roofing material for houses)’ (eng); ‘daun sagu atau nipah (sebagai bahan atap rumah)’ (ind)

*sawa

‘snake’ (eng); ‘ular’ (ind)

*sayad

‘divide, slice’ (eng); ‘iris, bagi’ (ind)

*sia

‘he, she, it’ (eng); ‘ia’ (ind)

*sikal

‘search’ (eng); ‘cari’ (ind)

*siku

‘elbow’ (eng); ‘siku’ (ind)

*silad

‘talipot palm’ (eng); ‘pohon silar’ (ind); ‘Corypha umbraculifera’ (lat)

*silok

‘glance, peep’ (eng); ‘kerling, lirik’ (ind)

*simuton

‘salt’ (eng); ‘garam’ (ind)

*siŋay

‘sun’ (eng); ‘matahari’ (ind)

*sinit

‘cow lice’ (eng); ‘kutu sapi’ (ind)

*siow

‘nine’ (eng); ‘sembilan’ (ind)

*sisig

‘winnow (rice)’ (eng); ‘menampi (beras)’ (ind)

*sisik (1)

‘scrutinize, looking for lice (especially on the head)’ (eng); ‘selisik, mencari kutu (terutama di kepala)’ (ind)

*sisik (2)

‘termite, wood eating powder’ (eng); ‘rayap, bubuk pemakan kayu’ (ind)

*siyup

‘in the below section’ (eng); ‘di (bagian) bawah’ (ind)

*soduʔ

‘sedak, burp’ (eng); ‘sedak, serdawa’ (ind)

*sogaʔ

‘light’ (eng); ‘lampu’ (ind)

*sogisi

‘ko. rattan’ (eng); ‘sej. rotan’ (ind); ‘Calamus’ (lat)

*sogot

‘strong (because of a bond)’ (eng); ‘kuat (karena ikatan)’ (ind)

*solag

‘big’ (eng); ‘besar’ (ind)

*solisoy

‘tropical almond’ (eng); ‘pohon ketapang’ (ind); ‘Terminalia catappa’ (lat)

*solog

‘current’ (eng); ‘arus’ (ind)

*sombuŋaʔ

‘pimple’ (eng); ‘jerawat’ (ind)

*somot

‘pin’ (eng); ‘peniti’ (ind)

*sondo(n)isik(a)

‘little finger’ (eng); ‘(jari) kelingking’ (ind)

*soŋa

‘blow your nose, while narrowing your nostrils with your fingers’ (eng); ‘mengeluarkan ingus, sambil mengecilkan lubang hidung dengan jari’ (ind)

*soŋit

‘sharp odor, e.g. underarm odor’ (eng); ‘bau yang tajam, mis. bau ketiak’ (ind)

*soŋkob

‘fell’ (eng); ‘terjerambab’ (ind)

*soŋonu

‘how many’ (eng); ‘berapa’ (ind)

*sonsol

‘regret’ (eng); ‘sesal, menyesal’ (ind)

*sonsomaʔ

‘welcome, meet’ (eng); ‘songsong, papas’ (ind)

*sonsuol

‘whistle, whistling’ (eng); ‘siul, siulan’ (ind)

*sopiʔ

‘banana comb’ (eng); ‘sisiran buah pisang’ (ind)

*sopoRod

‘sticky (of the taste of unripe fruit)’ (eng); ‘pekat (tentang rasa buah-buahan yang belum masak)’ (ind)

*sopuot

‘fog (after rain)’ (eng); ‘kabut (sesudah hujan)’ (ind)

*soRaʔ

‘fish’ (eng); ‘ikan’ (ind)

*soRom

‘ant’ (eng); ‘semut’ (ind)

*soRop

‘enter, set (of the sun or moon)’ (eng); ‘masuk, terbenam (tentang matahri atau bulan)’ (ind)

*soRopan

‘(to the) west (where the sun or moon sets)’ (eng); ‘(sebelah) barat (tempat terbenamnya matahri atau bulan)’ (ind)

*sosok

‘lizard’ (eng); ‘cecak’ (ind)

*sosop

‘suction, suck’ (eng); ‘isap, mengisap’ (ind)

*souma

‘day after tomorrow’ (eng); ‘lusa’ (ind)

*soʔolus

‘slick, good, e.g. about the results of work or how to organize something’ (eng); ‘apik, bagus, mis. tentang hasil pekerjaan atau cara mengatur sesuatu’ (ind)

*suaŋ

‘fill’ (eng); ‘isi’ (ind)

*suaŋgoy

‘maleo bird’ (eng); ‘burung maleo’ (ind); ‘Macrocephalon maleo’ (lat)

*subiŋ

‘cleft (of a deformed or split lip, especially at the top)’ (eng); ‘sumbing (tentang bibir yang cacat atau terbelah, terutama di sebelah atas)’ (ind)

*subu

‘down, e.g. from boat to land’ (eng); ‘turun, mis. dari perahu ke darat’ (ind)

*sugat

‘enough, on (adequate)’ (eng); ‘cukup, pada (memadai)’ (ind)

*sugatan

‘hit’ (eng); ‘kena’ (ind)

*suka

‘vomit’ (eng); ‘muntah’ (ind)

*sulapid

‘braid (of hair), chicken (of mat)’ (eng); ‘jalin (tentang rambut), ayam (tentang tikar)’ (ind)

*suliʔ

‘reply’ (eng); ‘balas’ (ind)

*sulug

‘rooster’ (eng); ‘ayam jantan’ (ind)

*suluʔ

‘fire’ (eng); ‘api’ (ind)

*sumpaŋ

‘sago’ (eng); ‘sagu’ (ind); ‘Metroxylon sagu’ (lat)

*suŋkud

‘stick’ (eng); ‘tongkat’ (ind)

*suŋoy

‘horn’ (eng); ‘tanduk’ (ind)

*suot

‘enter’ (eng); ‘masuk’ (ind)

*supaʔ

‘cupak’ (eng); ‘cupak’ (ind)

*supit

‘pinch, e.g. clamp down on embers or fire’ (eng); ‘jeppit, mis. menjepit bara atau api’ (ind)

*supiʔ

‘rheumatism’ (eng); ‘rematik’ (ind)

*susu

‘breasts’ (eng); ‘buah dada’ (ind)

*susuk

‘stab’ (eng); ‘tusuk’ (ind)

*taba

‘fat, salary’ (eng); ‘lemak, gajih’ (ind)

*tabaŋ

‘tastes bland (of the taste of food)’ (eng); ‘berasa tawar (tentang rasa makanan)’ (ind)

*tabaʔaŋ

‘ko. shrub’ (eng); ‘sej. semak’ (ind); ‘Cordyline sp.’ (lat)

*tabi

‘darling’ (eng); ‘sayang’ (ind)

*tabubuk

‘ko. tree’ (eng); ‘sej. pohon’ (ind); ‘Momordica cochinchinensis’ (lat)

*tadik

‘end of the boat that rises slightly upwards (at the bow or stern)’ (eng); ‘bagian ujung perahu yang agak menjulang ke atas (di haluan atau buritan)’ (ind)

*taguʔ

‘save’ (eng); ‘simpan’ (ind)

*takin

‘friend’ (eng); ‘teman’ (ind)

*takod

‘climb (of mountains)’ (eng); ‘mendaki (tentang gunung)’ (ind)

*takow

‘steal’ (eng); ‘curi’ (ind)

*takurak

‘ko. bird with green feathers’ (eng); ‘sej. burung yang bulunya berwarna hijau’ (ind)

*tali

‘rope’ (eng); ‘tali’ (ind)

*talib

‘pass, e.g. in front of the house’ (eng); ‘lewat, mis. di depan rumah’ (ind)

*talow

‘coward’ (eng); ‘penakut, pengecut’ (ind)

*talun

‘forest’ (eng); ‘hutan’ (ind)

*tami

‘bland (less sweet)’ (eng); ‘tawar (kurang manis)’ (ind)

*tampalan

‘brindle (of the colour of the fur on the cow's body)’ (eng); ‘belang-belang (tentang warna bulu pada badan sapi)’ (ind)

*tampi(p,r)ik

‘floundering, e.g. freshly caught fish’ (eng); ‘gelepar, mis. ikan yang baru saja ditangkap’ (ind)

*tampiʔ

‘fight (of chickens or other animals)’ (eng); ‘berlaga (tentang ayam atau binatang lain)’ (ind)

*tandaʔ

‘marks or blackness on the body that are present from birth’ (eng); ‘tanda atau kehitam-hitaman pada badan yang dibawa sejak lahir’ (ind)

*taŋag

‘marry and run away’ (eng); ‘kawin bawa lari’ (ind)

*taŋkel

‘box’ (eng); ‘bertinju’ (ind)

*taŋkiʔ

‘riddle’ (eng); ‘teka-teki’ (ind)

*tanok

‘sugar, e.g. seasoning fish or meat’ (eng); ‘menggulai, mis. menggulai ikan atau daging’ (ind)

*tanow

‘look from a (somewhat) high place, e.g. from the top of a mountain or the ridge of a house’ (eng); ‘melihat dari tempat yang (agak) tinggi, mis. dari atas puncak gunung atau bubungan rumah’ (ind)

*tantuaŋ

‘ko. shell which can be blown (like a trumpet)’ (eng); ‘sej. bia (yang dapat ditiup)’ (ind)

*tapuʔ

‘weight or anchor (usually made of stone)’ (eng); ‘pembeban atau sauh (biasanya terbuat dari batu)’ (ind)

*tatak

‘cut, e.g. cut the rope’ (eng); ‘potong, mis. memotong tali’ (ind)

*tatow

‘soluble (in water)’ (eng); ‘larut (di dalam air)’ (ind)

*-tau

‘person’ (eng); ‘orang’ (ind)

*taʔu

‘know’ (eng); ‘tahu’ (ind)

*tian

‘stomach’ (eng); ‘perut’ (ind)

*tiaŋ

‘call, invite’ (eng); ‘panggil, ajak’ (ind)

*tigad

‘land boundary’ (eng); ‘batas tanah’ (ind)

*tigogow

‘neck’ (eng); ‘leher’ (ind)

*tila(i)

‘for, share’ (eng); ‘bagi, membagi’ (ind)

*tilig

‘down (of a mountain)’ (eng); ‘menuruni (tentang gunung)’ (ind)

*tilon

‘lime (which is usually eaten with betel or areca nut)’ (eng); ‘kapur (yang biasa dimakan dengan sirih atau pinang)’ (ind)

*timbaŋ

‘weigh’ (eng); ‘timbang, menimbang’ (ind)

*timogaʔ

‘tin’ (eng); ‘timah’ (ind)

*tinaʔi

‘intestines’ (eng); ‘usus’ (ind)

*tindar

‘light, ray’ (eng); ‘cahaya, sinar’ (ind)

*tindog

‘stand’ (eng); ‘berdiri’ (ind)

*tiŋa

‘food residue between the teeth’ (eng); ‘sisa makanan di antara gigi’ (ind)

*tiŋkod

‘heel’ (eng); ‘tumit’ (ind)

*tiŋog

‘sound’ (eng); ‘bunyi’ (ind)

*tintak

‘lift’ (eng); ‘angkat’ (ind)

*tintiŋ

‘sound, e.g. drum or bell’ (eng); ‘membunyikan, mis. beduk atau lonceng’ (ind)

*tiol

‘foot’ (eng); ‘kaki’ (ind)

*tipuʔ

‘pick’ (eng); ‘petik’ (ind)

*tiRug

‘Sleep’ (eng); ‘tidur’ (ind)

*-tiukan

‘bee’ (eng); ‘lebah’ (ind)

*toba

‘part of a river or seashore that is not flooded with water’ (eng); ‘bagian sungai atau tepi laut yang tidak digenangi air’ (ind)

*tobok

‘black stains on clothes (due to moisture)’ (eng); ‘noda hitam pada baju (karena kelembaban)’ (ind)

*togi

‘owned by, owner’ (eng); ‘milik, pemilik’ (ind)

*togoʔindop

‘dream’ (eng); ‘mimpi’ (ind)

*togumata

‘red eye disease (not chronic but seasonal)’ (eng); ‘penyakit mata merah (bukan menahun tetapi memusim)’ (ind)

*tokap

‘slap’ (eng); ‘tampar’ (ind)

*tokorut

‘little’ (eng); ‘sedikit’ (ind)

*tolitik

‘cockroach’ (eng); ‘kecoa’ (ind)

*tolu

‘three’ (eng); ‘tiga’ (ind)

*tombolaŋ

‘ko. bamboo’ (eng); ‘sej. bambu’ (ind)

*tomborokiki

‘scissor bird’ (eng); ‘burung serigunting’ (ind)

*tonaŋow

‘crop-eating bug, rice pest’ (eng); ‘pianggang, walangsangit’ (ind)

*tondak

‘conjecture’ (eng); ‘duga, dugaan’ (ind)

*tondan

‘wages, payment’ (eng); ‘upah, gaji, bayaran’ (ind)

*tondok

‘fence’ (eng); ‘pagar’ (ind)

*toŋkod

‘stop, e.g. blood is flowing’ (eng); ‘berhenti, mis. darah yang sedang mengalir’ (ind)

*tontobua(n,ŋ)

‘black bee’ (eng); ‘lebah hitam’ (ind)

*tontok

‘stains or colors showing signs of cooking, e.g. on mangoes or bananas’ (eng); ‘noda atau warna tanda masak, mis. pada buah mangga atau pisang’ (ind)

*tontolawaʔ

‘spider’ (eng); ‘labah-labah’ (ind)

*tontolonan

‘esophagus’ (eng); ‘kerongkongan’ (ind)

*tontoŋ

‘look at each other, meeting’ (eng); ‘saling tatap, temu pandang’ (ind)

*topa(ʔ,ŋ)

‘strike, e.g. goat by a big snake’ (eng); ‘pagut, mis. kambing oleh ular besar’ (ind)

*toriʔ

‘pee’ (eng); ‘kencing’ (ind)

*toRotap

‘soreness or pain in the eyes (due to a foreign object or drowsiness)’ (eng); ‘kepedihan atau kesakitan mata (karena ada benda asing atau mengantuk)’ (ind)

*toRuŋ

‘wide hat from palm leaves (round shape)’ (eng); ‘topi lebar dari daun nipah (bentuknya bundar)’ (ind)

*totad

‘mince, cut into small pieces’ (eng); ‘cincang, potong kecil-kecil’ (ind)

*totak

‘fail, fall, e.g. ripe fruit’ (eng); ‘gugur, jatuh, mis. buah yang sudah masak’ (ind)

*totob

‘cut down, cut (of trees)’ (eng); ‘tebang, potong (tentang pohon)’ (ind)

*totoy

‘small bridge (usually made of bamboo or wooden sticks)’ (eng); ‘jembatan kecil (biasanya terbuat dari bambu atau batang kayu)’ (ind)

*tuba

‘derris root (which is usually used to kill fish)’ (eng); ‘tuba (yang biasa digunakan untuk membunuh ikan)’ (ind); ‘Derris elliptica’ (lat)

*tubag

‘answer, said’ (eng); ‘jawab, sahut’ (ind)

*tudu

‘on, above, e.g. put something on the table’ (eng); ‘atas, di atas, mis. letak sesuatu benda di atas meja’ (ind)

*tugal

‘digging stick (ground-piercing stakes for rice seedlings)’ (eng); ‘tugal (pancang pelubang tanah untuk bibit padi)’ (ind)

*tukad

‘ladder’ (eng); ‘tangga’ (ind)

*tukaʔ

‘swallow once, e.g. snake against chicken’ (eng); ‘telan sekali, mis. ular terhadap ayam’ (ind)

*tukod

‘stand with a cane’ (eng); ‘berdiri dengan menggunakan tongkat’ (ind)

*tulan

‘bone’ (eng); ‘tulang’ (ind)

*tulid

‘straight’ (eng); ‘lurus’ (ind)

*tuli(ŋ)

‘earwax’ (eng); ‘kotoran telinga’ (ind)

*tulud

‘push’ (eng); ‘dorong’ (ind)

*tuma

‘clothing lice’ (eng); ‘tuma, kutu baju’ (ind)

*tumpalak

‘frog’ (eng); ‘katak’ (ind)

*tumpiŋ

‘wart, swelling’ (eng); ‘kutil, bengkakan’ (ind)

*tundug

‘follow, next’ (eng); ‘ikut, susul’ (ind)

*tunduʔ

‘point’ (eng); ‘tunjuk’ (ind)

*tuŋow

‘mite’ (eng); ‘tungau’ (ind)

*tuntuŋ

‘punch forcefully (especially in the back of the body)’ (eng); ‘meninju dengan kuat (terutama di bagian belakang badan)’ (ind)

*tunu

‘burn’ (eng); ‘bakar’ (ind)

*turak

‘stab’ (eng); ‘tusuk’ (ind)

*turaʔ

‘gluttonous (of how to eat)’ (eng); ‘rakus (tentang cara makan)’ (ind)

*tuRub

‘roast, smoke’ (eng); ‘panggang, mengasapi’ (ind)

*tutuk

‘peck’ (eng); ‘patuk’ (ind)

*tutuŋ

‘burn, scorched’ (eng); ‘bakar, hangus’ (ind)

*tuʔod

‘single tree (remaining on the ground)’ (eng); ‘tunggal pohon (yang tersisa di tanah)’ (ind)

*-tuʔu

‘right, correct’ (eng); ‘betul, benar’ (ind)

*uab

‘evaporate’ (eng); ‘menguab’ (ind)

*ualaʔ

‘molar’ (eng); ‘geraham’ (ind)

*-ukaʔ-

‘shell’ (eng); ‘tempurung’ (ind)

*ulag

‘snake’ (eng); ‘ular’ (ind)

*unap

‘fish scale’ (eng); ‘sisik ikan’ (ind)

*unon

‘orphan’ (eng); ‘(anak) yatim piatu’ (ind)

*uoy

‘rattan’ (eng); ‘rotan’ (ind); ‘Calamus’ (lat)

*uRaŋ

‘shrimp’ (eng); ‘udang’ (ind)

*(w)abol

‘weave’ (eng); ‘tenun, menenun’ (ind)

*(w)abu

‘ash, dust’ (eng); ‘abu, debu, dapur’ (ind)

*wagat

‘rainy season’ (eng); ‘musim hujan’ (ind)

*(w)agom

‘soak’ (eng); ‘rendam’ (ind)

*(w)agow

‘plunder, seize’ (eng); ‘rampas, rebut’ (ind)

*wakat

‘root’ (eng); ‘akar’ (ind)

*(w)akol

‘sugar palm tree’ (eng); ‘pohon enau’ (ind); ‘Arenga saccharifera, Arenga pinnata’ (lat)

*(w)aku(ʔoy)

‘I’ (eng); ‘aku’ (ind)

*(w)alit

‘rope made of animal skin, especially buffalo skin’ (eng); ‘tali dari kulit binatang, khususnya kulit kerbau’ (ind)

*walu

‘eight’ (eng); ‘delapan’ (ind)

*(w)anak

‘child’ (eng); ‘anak’ (ind)

*waŋga

‘boat’ (eng); ‘perahu’ (ind)

*(w)aŋkub

‘close, protect’ (eng); ‘tutup, lindung’ (ind)

*(w)aŋob

‘deep, deep part of the river’ (eng); ‘lubuk, bagian sungai yang dalam’ (ind)

*(w)aŋod

‘soft palate’ (eng); ‘langit-langit lembut’ (ind)

*(w)anoy

‘termite’ (eng); ‘anai-anai’ (ind)

*(w)antog

‘core, middle, e.g. on a wooden stick’ (eng); ‘inti, bagian tengah, mis. pada batang kayu’ (ind)

*(w)antol

‘something stuck in the middle, e.g. thorns or sticks between the fingers’ (eng); ‘sesuatu yang tertancap di tengah-tengah, mis. duri atau lidi di antara jari tangan’ (ind)

*(w)anut

‘invite, encourage’ (eng); ‘ajak, undang’ (ind)

*(w)aog

‘elephant bamboo’ (eng); ‘sej. bambu yang batangnya besar, betung’ (ind); ‘Dendrocalamus asper’ (lat)

*(w)apid

‘attached, huddled together’ (eng); ‘dempet, berdempet’ (ind)

*(w)aRoy

‘chin’ (eng); ‘dagu’ (ind)

*wasik

‘shout, scream’ (eng); ‘teriak, teriakan’ (ind)

*wasi(n,ŋ)

‘salt’ (eng); ‘garam’ (ind)

*wasoy

‘iron’ (eng); ‘besi’ (ind)

*(w)ata

‘slave’ (eng); ‘budak’ (ind)

*watok

‘step’ (eng); ‘tiri’ (ind)

*(w)atop

‘roof’ (eng); ‘atap rumah’ (ind)

*(w)a(w)ak

‘body, self’ (eng); ‘badan, diri’ (ind)

*(w)obol

‘smoke’ (eng); ‘asap’ (ind)

*(w)obuʔ

‘cough’ (eng); ‘batuk’ (ind)

*(wo)gotaʔ

‘waist’ (eng); ‘pinggang’ (ind)

*(w)olaʔ

‘subside, stop, e.g. about heavy rain’ (eng); ‘reda, berhenti, mis. tentang hujan yang lebat’ (ind)

*(w)olot

‘between’ (eng); ‘antara, di antara’ (ind)

*(w)oluʔ

‘dew’ (eng); ‘embun’ (ind)

*(w)oluʔon

‘be, exist’ (eng); ‘ada’ (ind)

*(w)ompaʔ

‘low’ (eng); ‘rendah’ (ind)

*(w)ompu

‘grandchild’ (eng); ‘cucu’ (ind)

*(w)ondu

‘sun’ (eng); ‘matahari’ (ind)

*(w)onom

‘six’ (eng); ‘enam’ (ind)

*(w)opat

‘four’ (eng); ‘empat’ (ind)

*(w)ota

‘he’ (eng); ‘dia’ (ind)

*(w)otut

‘fart’ (eng); ‘kentut’ (ind)

*(w)oyoŋ

‘calm, subsided, e.g. about rain or storms’ (eng); ‘tenang, reda, mis. tentang hujan atau angin ribut’ (ind)

*(w)ugat (1)

‘seeds (numeral classifier)’ (eng); ‘biji (kata bantu bilangan)’ (ind)

*(w)ugat (2)

‘veins’ (eng); ‘urat nadi’ (ind)

*(w)ulas

‘sweat’ (eng); ‘keringat’ (ind)

*(w)ulat

‘Wait’ (eng); ‘tunggu’ (ind)

*(w)ulid

‘lie down’ (eng); ‘baring’ (ind)

*(w)ulin

‘rudder (on a boat)’ (eng); ‘kemudi (pada perahu)’ (ind)

*(wu)lipa(n,ŋ)

‘centipede’ (eng); ‘lipan’ (ind)

*(w)ulit

‘nature or temperament of liking to bring up things in the past, like to mention it again’ (eng); ‘sifat atau perangai suka mengungkit-ungkit hal-hal yang telah lalu, suka menyebut-nyebut kembali’ (ind)

*(w)uliʔ

‘return’ (eng); ‘kembali’ (ind)

*(w)ulod

‘caterpillar’ (eng); ‘ulat’ (ind)

*(w)ulos

‘(cloth) blanket’ (eng); ‘(kain) selimut’ (ind)

*(w)ulu

‘head’ (eng); ‘kepala’ (ind)

*(w)ulunan

‘pillow’ (eng); ‘bantal kepala’ (ind)

*(w)umpag

‘fall down (of a tree)’ (eng); ‘rebah (tentang pohon)’ (ind)

*(w)umpuŋ

‘demon, ghost’ (eng); ‘setan, hantu’ (ind)

*(w)undam

‘drug’ (eng); ‘obat’ (ind)

*(w)uŋkuʔ

‘dog’ (eng); ‘anjing’ (ind)

*(w)untu

‘uphold’ (eng); ‘menjunjung’ (ind)

*(w)upas

‘banana skin’ (eng); ‘kulit batang pisang’ (ind)

*(w)uRan

‘rain’ (eng); ‘hujan’ (ind)

*(w)usai(k,g)

‘drive away’ (eng); ‘usir’ (ind)

*(w)usat

‘brother (for family relationships, not greetings)’ (eng); ‘saudara (untuk hubungan kekluargaan, bukan kata sapaan)’ (ind)

*(w)uti

‘penis’ (eng); ‘batang kemaluan (pada laki-laki)’ (ind)

*(w)utok

‘brain’ (eng); ‘otak’ (ind)

*(w)u(w,b)an

‘gray hair’ (eng); ‘uban’ (ind)

*yansunaʔ

‘onion’ (eng); ‘bawang’ (ind)

*(y)ibog

‘saliva’ (eng); ‘air liur’ (ind)

*(y)ibuŋ

‘salt’ (eng); ‘garam’ (ind)

*-(y)igi

‘pillar, post supporting the house’ (eng); ‘pilar, tiang topang rumah’ (ind)

*(y)ikow

‘you’ (eng); ‘kau’ (ind)

*(y)ilad

‘drying’ (eng); ‘jemur’ (ind)

*(y)ilig

‘downstream, drifting downstream through the river’ (eng); ‘menghilir, menghanyutkan diri ke hilir melalui sungai’ (ind)

*(y)imantuŋ

‘stockade, foot cuffs are made from planks or wooden sticks’ (eng); ‘pasungan, borgol kaki terbuat dari papan atau batang kayu’ (ind)

*(y)imbalu

‘scold’ (eng); ‘tegur’ (ind)

*(y)imok

‘gather’ (eng); ‘kumpul’ (ind)

*(y)inalug

‘road’ (eng); ‘jalan’ (ind)

*(y)inambal

‘ko. grilled dishes’ (eng); ‘sej. masakan panggang’ (ind)

*(y)indaŋ

‘miang (on bamboo or rice stems/leaves)’ (eng); ‘miang (pada batang/daun bambu atau padi)’ (ind)

*(y)inianaʔ

‘placenta’ (eng); ‘ari-ari, tembuni’ (ind)

*(y)inolus

‘wrapped rice’ (eng); ‘nasi bungkus’ (ind)

*-(y)insan

‘one time’ (eng); ‘satu kali’ (ind)

*(y)insuol

‘whistle, whistling’ (eng); ‘siul, siulan’ (ind)

*(y)intadon

‘let, come on (word of invitation)’ (eng); ‘mari, ayo(kata ajakan)’ (ind)

*(y)intaluʔ

‘defecate’ (eng); ‘buang air besar’ (ind)

*(y)intiŋa

‘prick (between) teeth’ (eng); ‘tusuk (antara) gigi’ (ind)

*(y)inum

‘drink’ (eng); ‘minum’ (ind)

*(y)ipa(ʔ,g)

‘brother-in-law’ (eng); ‘ipar’ (ind)

*(y)ipil

‘ironwood’ (eng); ‘kayu besi’ (ind); ‘Inocarpus’ (lat)

*(y)isog

‘play’ (eng); ‘main, bermain’ (ind)

*(y)itaʔ

‘do it between the groin and the genitals’ (eng); ‘lakukan di antara pangkal paha dan kemaluan’ (ind)

*(y)itom

‘black’ (eng); ‘hitam’ (ind)