OUTOFPAPUA database: Lexicons of the West Papuan language area

Usup (1986g): Ponosakan

Original citation: Usup, Hunggu Tadjuddin. 1986. Rekonstruksi proto-bahasa Gorontalo-Mongondow. PhD thesis, Universitas Indonesia.

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Total entries: 565
Headword IPA Glosses
ahomahom

‘soak’; ‘rendam’

ahowahow

‘call’; ‘panggil’

ai-aiai-ai

‘younger brother’; ‘adik’

akutakut

‘transport’; ‘angkut’

akuʔoyakuʔoj

‘I’; ‘aku’

alaala

‘take’; ‘ambil’

aliwowaaliwowa

‘rainbow’; ‘pelangi, benang raja’

amaʔamaʔ

‘father’; ‘ayah’

aŋoraŋor

‘rope on a cow's nose’; ‘tali pada hidung sapi’

aŋowaŋow

‘cave’; ‘gua’

anoyanoj

‘termite’; ‘anai-anai’

antogantoɡ

‘core, middle, e.g. on a wooden stick’; ‘inti, bagian tengah, mis. pada batang kayu’

anutanut

‘invite, encourage’; ‘ajak, undang’

asinasin

‘salt’; ‘garam’

ataata

‘slave’; ‘budak’

awakawak

‘body, self’; ‘badan, diri’

awuawu

‘ash’; ‘abu’

ayokajok

‘kiss’; ‘cium’

ayoyajoj

‘chin’; ‘dagu’

bahaŋbahaŋ

‘molar’; ‘geraham’

bahaʔbahaʔ

‘swollen, swelling’; ‘bengkak, bengkakan’

bakirbakir

‘meeting, deliberation’; ‘pertemuan, permusyawaratan’

bakutbakut

‘wrap’; ‘bungkus’

balaŋonbalaŋon

‘sea’; ‘laut’

baloabaloa

‘ko. anchovy’; ‘sej. ikan teri’

baloŋkaʔbaloŋkaʔ

‘ko. melon’; ‘sambiki’; ‘Lagenaria hispida’

baloybaloj

‘house’; ‘rumah’

baluybaluj

‘change’; ‘ganti’

banatbanat

‘lie down’; ‘berbaring’

baŋaŋbaŋaŋ

‘pant, find it hard to breathe’; ‘terengah-engah, sesak napas’

baŋkebaŋke

‘carcass’; ‘bangkai’

baŋonbaŋon

‘get up’; ‘bangun’

baŋoʔbaŋoʔ

‘coconut’; ‘kelapa’; ‘Cocos nucifera’

banorbanor

‘numb, tingling’; ‘mati rasa, sesemutan’

bantoŋbantoŋ

‘forest cow, anoa’; ‘sapi hutan, anoa’; ‘Bubalus depressicornis’

banutbanut

‘husk (in coconuts)’; ‘sabut (pada buah kelapa)’

barundakbarundak

‘cook rice in bamboo’; ‘nasi buluh, lemang’

bataŋbataŋ

‘stem (e.g. log)’; ‘batang (mis. batang kayu)’

bataŋanbataŋan

‘body, self’; ‘badan, diri’

batubatu

‘rock’; ‘batu’

batunbatun

‘lift up’; ‘angkat’

bawabawa

‘support’; ‘dukung’

bihaʔbihaʔ

‘ko. taro’; ‘sej. talas’; ‘Alocasia’

bilobilo

‘squint’; ‘juling’

bintanagbintanaɡ

‘Indian laurel’; ‘pohon bintangar’; ‘Calophyllum inophyllum’

biorbior

‘fish egg’; ‘telur ikan’

bisulbisul

‘boil’; ‘bisul’

biwibiwi

‘lips’; ‘bibir’

biwitbiwit

‘tote’; ‘jinjing’

boganiboɡani

‘war commander’; ‘panglima perang’

bohosbohos

‘tie, bind several similar objects together’; ‘ikat, mengikat beberapa benda yang sama menjadi satu’

bohoybohoj

‘give’; ‘beri, memberi’

bokolbokol

‘wave’; ‘ombak’

bolaŋasbolaŋas

‘rambutan’; ‘rambutan’; ‘Nephelium lappaceum’

bolarbolar

‘mat’; ‘tikar’

bolaybolaj

‘monkey’; ‘kera’

bolianbolian

‘witch doctor’; ‘dukun’

boliuŋboliuŋ

‘ax’; ‘kapak’

bolotubolotu

‘boat’; ‘perahu’

boŋkuruboŋkuru

‘noni, tree whose bark is made into red paint to color batik cloth’; ‘mengkudu, bengkudu, pohon yang kulitnya dibuat cat merah untuk mewarnai kain batik’; ‘Morinda citrifolia’

boŋolboŋol

‘deaf’; ‘tuli’

boniaʔboniaʔ

‘eagle’; ‘burung elang’; ‘Haliastur indus intermedius, Spilornis cheela’

bontowbontow

‘separated’; ‘putus’

boruisboruis

‘ko. marsh bird’; ‘burung weris, sej. burung rawa’

bosoybosoj

‘paddle’; ‘dayung’

botiosbotios

‘calf’; ‘betis’

botokbotok

‘hard to breathe’; ‘sesak napas’

botutubotutu

‘cover for filling something (made of thick cloth)’; ‘sarung tempat mengisi sesuatu (terbuat dari kain tebal)’

bowabowa

‘hit (hard, e.g. hit the reed until it crumbles)’; ‘pukul (dengan keras, mis. memukul batang buluh sampai remuk)’

bo-waibo-wai

‘woman’; ‘perempuan’

bowoʔbowoʔ

‘mute’; ‘bisu’

bubukbubuk

‘powder, ko. wood-eating termites’; ‘bubuk, sej. rayap pemakan kayu’

buhotokbuhotok

‘little mosquito’; ‘nyamuk kecil’

buiŋbuiŋ

‘charcoal (from wood or shells)’; ‘arang (dari kayu atau tempurung)’

bukasbukas

‘open’; ‘buka’

bukubuku

‘section’; ‘ruas’

bulanbulan

‘month’; ‘bulan, ukuran waktu untuk bulan’

bulibuli

‘free, gone’; ‘lepas, hilang’

bulibuli

‘stretcher’; ‘usung’

buloybuloj

‘husband and wife, marry’; ‘suami/istri, kawin’

bulurbulur

‘mountain’; ‘gunung’

buluʔbuluʔ

‘bamboo’; ‘bambu, buluh’

buŋayonbuŋajon

‘sand’; ‘pasir’

bunibuni

‘hide’; ‘sembunyi’

bunorbunor

‘congested’; ‘padat’

buokbuok

‘hair’; ‘rambut’

buoybuoj

‘mung beans’; ‘kacang hijau’

butaʔbutaʔ

‘land’; ‘tanah’

butulbutul

‘rope knot’; ‘simpul tali’

butuʔbutuʔ

‘testicles’; ‘buah pelir’

buwulbuwul

‘goosebumps (on the human body), fur (on the animal's body)’; ‘bulu roma (pada tubuh manusia), bulu (pada badan binatang)’

buwuŋbuwuŋ

‘roof connection’; ‘hubungan atap rumah’

buwutbuwut

‘unplug it’; ‘cabut’

buwuʔbuwuʔ

‘hole’; ‘lubang’

buyotokbujotok

‘little mosquito’; ‘nyamuk kecil’

dagatdaɡat

‘sea ​​water’; ‘air laut’

daitdait

‘name’; ‘nama’

dalandalan

‘road’; ‘jalan’

dalomdalom

‘in’; ‘dalam’

dasodaso

‘load’; ‘muat, muatan’

diaʔdiaʔ

‘not’; ‘tidak’

dihudihu

‘ko. winnowing tray’; ‘nyiru’

dilaʔdilaʔ

‘tongue’; ‘lidah’

dimukurdimukur

‘good spirits, spirit of a deceased person’; ‘roh yang baik, roh orang yang sudah meninggal’

dindiŋdindiŋ

‘wall’; ‘dinding’

dohuadohua

‘two’; ‘dua’

dolopdolop

‘dive’; ‘selam, menyelam’

domokdomok

‘catch, e.g. catch chickens’; ‘tangkap, menangkap mis. menangkap ayam’

dopiʔdopiʔ

‘board’; ‘papan’

do-rahumdo-rahum

‘needle’; ‘jarum’

dorokdorok

‘mash, e.g. pounding rice’; ‘tumbuk, mis. menumbuk padi’

doropdorop

‘early in the morning’; ‘pagi-pagi’

dorowdorow

‘chest’; ‘dada’

duhaŋduhaŋ

‘plus’; ‘tambah’

duhiduhi

‘thorns’; ‘duri’

duhuʔduhuʔ

‘blood’; ‘darah’

dulakdulak

‘bow (of a boat)’; ‘haluan (pada perahu)’

dulurdulur

‘shinbone’; ‘tulang kering’

duŋaʔduŋaʔ

‘nod (of the head)’; ‘angguk (tentang kepala)’

duyaʔdujaʔ

‘saliva’; ‘ludah’

galumɡalum

‘family’; ‘keluarga’

gantaŋɡantaŋ

‘bushel’; ‘gantang’

gauɡau

‘cigarette’; ‘rokok’

gianɡian

‘jealous’; ‘cemburu’

gihurɡihur

‘pull, tug’; ‘tarik, hela’

ginaɡina

‘like, want to’; ‘suka, mau’

gioyɡioj

‘stick’; ‘lidi’

go-hisiŋɡo-hisiŋ

‘hair that grows between the ears and temples’; ‘rambut yang tumbuh di antara telinga dan pelipis’

gohoyonɡohojon

‘hungry’; ‘lapar’

goromɡorom

‘brood’; ‘eram’

gowiʔiɡowiʔi

‘evening’; ‘malam’

guhaŋɡuhaŋ

‘old’; ‘tua’

guya-guyaŋɡuja-ɡujaŋ

‘older brother’; ‘kakak’

guʔorɡuʔor

‘still young, not yet cooked e.g. fruit’; ‘masih muda, belum masak mis. buah-buhahan’

guʔosɡuʔos

‘gum’; ‘gusi’

hanathanat

‘spicy (of chili peppers)’; ‘pedas (tentang lombok)’

haŋkishaŋkis

‘cut, e.g. rope’; ‘potong, mis. tali’

hataʔhataʔ

‘slaughter’; ‘sembelih’

hawuthawut

‘unplug, snatch’; ‘cabut, renggut’

haʔathaʔat

‘wicked, bad’; ‘jahat, jelek’

hintokhintok

‘small’; ‘kecil’

hiwuhiwu

‘thousand’; ‘ribu’

hiwuthiwut

‘hurricane’; ‘angin topan’

hogihoɡi

‘angry’; ‘marah’

hohaŋhohaŋ

‘thirsty, dry’; ‘haus, kering’

hondohondo

‘slip, e.g. because the road is slippery’; ‘terpeleset, mis. karena jalan yang licin’

hopothopot

‘strong (of power)’; ‘kuat (tentang tenaga)’

hugaʔhuɡaʔ

‘destroyed, very soft, e.g. because it was submerged for a long time’; ‘hancur, lembek sekali, mis. karena terendam lama’

huishuis

‘pointed’; ‘runcing’

humboŋhumboŋ

‘deep and round, e.g. plate’; ‘dalam dan bulat, mis. piring’

hupishupis

‘pinch’; ‘jepit’

ikowikow

‘you’; ‘kau’

ilarilar

‘dry in sun’; ‘jemur’

iliili

‘downstream, drifting downstream through the river’; ‘menghilir, menghanyutkan diri ke hilir melalui sungai’

imbaluimbalu

‘scold’; ‘tegur’

inambalinambal

‘ko. grilled dishes’; ‘sej. masakan panggang’

inaʔinaʔ

‘mother’; ‘ibu’

inolusinolus

‘wrapped rice’; ‘nasi bungkus’

intaluʔintaluʔ

‘defecate’; ‘buang air besar’

intaronintaron

‘let, come on (word of invitation)’; ‘mari, ayo(kata ajakan)’

in-tauin-tau

‘person’; ‘orang’

inuminum

‘drink’; ‘minum’

iokiok

‘armpit’; ‘ketiak’

ipaʔipaʔ

‘brother-in-law’; ‘ipar’

ipilipil

‘ironwood’; ‘kayu besi’; ‘Inocarpus’

ipusipus

‘tail’; ‘ekor’

itaʔitaʔ

‘crotch, groin’; ‘lakukan di antara pangkal paha dan kemaluan’

iupiup

‘blow’; ‘tiup’

iwoiwo

‘saliva’; ‘air liur’

iwuŋiwuŋ

‘salt’; ‘garam’

kabalkabal

‘invulnerable (of the body)’; ‘kebal (tentang badan)’

kahitkahit

‘scratched, get scratched, e.g. body skin by nails’; ‘tergores, kena goresan, mis. kulit badan oleh paku’

kahukahu

‘shave, e.g. shave hair, grate (measuring coconut)’; ‘cukur, mis. mencukur rambut, kukur (mengukur kelapa)’

kaitkait

‘hook’; ‘kait’

kalikali

‘dig’; ‘gali’

kaliwombaŋkaliwombaŋ

‘butterfly’; ‘kupu-kupu’

kalowkalow

‘hornbill’; ‘burung taon’

kamikami

‘we (excl)’; ‘kami’

kapinkapin

‘more (in total e.g. one hundred more)’; ‘lebih (di dalam jumlah mis. seratus lebih)’

kaposkapos

‘cotton thread (spun by yourself)’; ‘benang dari kapas (yang dipintal sendiri)’

kasowkasow

‘rafters (on a house)’; ‘kasau (pada rumah)’

katikati

‘outrigger, carrier (on a boat)’; ‘katir, penggandung (pada perahu)’

kawalaʔkawalaʔ

‘container for betel vine and areca nut’; ‘cerana (tempat sirih dan pinang)’

kayukaju

‘wood’; ‘kayu’

kaʔankaʔan

‘eat’; ‘makan’

keabkeab

‘fan (body fan if the air is hot)’; ‘kipas (pengipas badan jika udara panas)’

kiapkiap

‘blink (of the eyes)’; ‘kedip (tentang mata)’

kikilkikil

‘bite’; ‘gigit’

kilatkilat

‘lightning’; ‘kilat’

kintirkintir

‘large veins on the heel’; ‘urat besar pada tumit’

kitakita

‘we (incl)’; ‘kita’

kohaŋkohaŋ

‘wounded skin that has hardened’; ‘kulit luka yang telah mengeras’

kohotkohot

‘hazy (versus clear, about water)’; ‘kabur (lawan jernih, tentang air)’

ko-kaisko-kais

‘cow, sweep’; ‘sapi, menyapu’

kokapkokap

‘touch, grope (in the dark)’; ‘raba, meraba (di dalam gelap)’

kokorkokor

‘hug, embrace’; ‘peluk, rangkul’

kokowkokow

‘chew’; ‘kunyah’

kolawakolawa

‘turmeric’; ‘kunyit’; ‘Curcuma’

kolikipkolikip

‘wings (in birds)’; ‘sayap (pada unggas)’

koloanankoloanan

‘right’; ‘kanan’

koloihikoloihi

‘left’; ‘kiri’

koloŋkoloŋ

‘large chunks, e.g. logs’; ‘potongan besar, mis. batang kayu’

komalikomali

‘palace’; ‘istana’

kompitkompit

‘sticky’; ‘lekat, lengket’

kompoŋkompoŋ

‘stomach (food bag)’; ‘perut (kantong makanan)’

konkon

‘in, It is in, located in’; ‘di, ada di, berada di’

konukukonuku

‘nail’; ‘kuku’

kosilikosili

‘eel’; ‘ikan belut’

kosiŋkosiŋ

‘laugh’; ‘tertawa’

koyaŋkaʔkojaŋkaʔ

‘dry coconut leaves’; ‘daun kelapa yang kering’

koyoŋkamkojoŋkam

‘chicken lice (white)’; ‘kutu ayam (berwarna putih)’

koyowkojow

‘message’; ‘pesan’

kukurkukur

‘scratch’; ‘garuk’

kulaukulau

‘mix, mix up’; ‘campur, campur baur’

kulitkulit

‘skin’; ‘kulit’

kumonsikumonsi

‘breadfruit’; ‘sukun’; ‘Artocarpus sp.’

kunsiʔkunsiʔ

‘key’; ‘kunci’

kuonkuon

‘so and so, something’; ‘anu, sesuatu’

kusoykusoj

‘cuscus’; ‘kuskus’; ‘Phalangista ursina’

kutukutu

‘flea’; ‘kutu’

kuyaŋakujaŋa

‘hibiscus’; ‘kembang sepatu’; ‘Hibiscus rosa-sinensis’

kuyonkujon

‘pot’; ‘belanga’

lahuylahuj

‘run, run away’; ‘lari, minggat’

lailai

‘bunch (of coconuts)’; ‘tandan (tentang buah kelapa)’

lailai

‘hut’; ‘dangau’

lambuŋlambuŋ

‘dress’; ‘baju’

lamemetlamemet

‘fast, deft’; ‘cepat, cekatan’

lanalana

‘coconut oil’; ‘minyak kelapa’

laŋitlaŋit

‘sky’; ‘langit’

laŋkapanlaŋkapan

‘termite’; ‘ani-ani’

laŋowlaŋow

‘fly’; ‘lalat’

laŋuylaŋuj

‘swim’; ‘berenang’

lanitlanit

‘sharp’; ‘tajam’

lansiklansik

‘jump’; ‘lompat’

lantaklantak

‘float’; ‘terapung’

lantuŋlantuŋ

‘pet confinement’; ‘kurungan binatang peliharaan’

lapaslapas

‘finished’; ‘selesai, rampung’

lawuʔlawuʔ

‘fall’; ‘jatuh’

layulaju

‘tall, fly’; ‘tinggi, melayang’

leagleaɡ

‘sail’; ‘layar’

leʔarleʔar

‘straighten teeth’; ‘memepat atau meratakan gigi’

lihislihis

‘crazy’; ‘gilas’

likalika

‘bedbug’; ‘kutu busuk’

lilirlilir

‘roll’; ‘guling’

limalima

‘five, hand’; ‘lima, tangan’

limaslimas

‘pyramid, sauk (of water)’; ‘limas, sauk (tentang air)’

limbuŋlimbuŋ

‘round’; ‘bulat, bundar’

limorlimor

‘silent murder (in a quiet place)’; ‘pembunuhan secara diam-diam (di tempat yang sunyi)’

limpudoŋlimpudoŋ

‘imitate the round one’; ‘nyiru yang bundar’

limumulimumu

‘gargle’; ‘kumur’

liŋaŋasliŋaŋas

‘hot (of the body when sweating)’; ‘panas (tentang badan ketika berkeringat)’

liŋkisliŋkis

‘bracelet’; ‘gelang’

linowlinow

‘pool (deep part of the river)’; ‘lubuk (bagian sungai yang dalam)’

lintaʔlintaʔ

‘leech’; ‘lintah’

linuh-anlinuh-an

‘earthquake’; ‘gempa bumi’

liorlior

‘footstep’; ‘jejak’

lipuʔlipuʔ

‘country, village’; ‘negeri, kampung’

lisaʔlisaʔ

‘lice eggs’; ‘telur kutu’

lituʔlituʔ

‘sit down’; ‘duduk’

liwohoʔliwohoʔ

‘umbrella mushroom’; ‘cendawan payung’

liworliwor

‘winding, circumference’; ‘lilit, lingkar’

liwutonliwuton

‘island’; ‘pulau’

lohotlohot

‘bone’; ‘ketulangan’

lolakilolaki

‘man’; ‘laki-laki’

lomoslomos

‘drown to death’; ‘mati tenggelam’

lompiaslompias

‘starfruit’; ‘belimbing’; ‘Averrhoa blimbi, Averrhoa carambola’

londislondis

‘nine’; ‘sembilu’

losuŋlosuŋ

‘mortar’; ‘lesung’

losutlosut

‘hollow, holes (especially the bottom/butt)’; ‘bolong, berlubang (terutama bagian bawah/pantat)’

lotoloto

‘basket’; ‘bakul’

lowoŋlowoŋ

‘plant, bury’; ‘tanam, kubur’

luhusluhus

‘betel nut’; ‘pinang’; ‘Areca catecha’

lukarlukar

‘keep, guard’; ‘jaga, menjaga’

lumbuʔlumbuʔ

‘throw away’; ‘buang’

lumpiŋlumpiŋ

‘weak, sluggish’; ‘lemah, lesu’

lumutlumut

‘moss’; ‘lumut’; ‘Musci, Najas celebica’

lunowlunow

‘green’; ‘hijau’

luwirluwir

‘twisted (of rope)’; ‘pilin (tentang tali)’

mahiʔmahiʔ

‘let, here’; ‘mari, ke mari’

manukmanuk

‘chicken’; ‘ayam’

matamata

‘eye’; ‘mata’

matoymatoj

‘dead’; ‘mati’

minaŋaminaŋa

‘river’; ‘sungai’

mo-hatusmo-hatus

‘one hundred’; ‘seratus’

mo-hibatukmo-hibatuk

‘run’; ‘lari’

mo-hiowmo-hiow

‘noisy, commotion’; ‘ribut, keributan’

mokoroŋomokoroŋo

‘hearing’; ‘dapat mendengar’

moŋoreahamoŋoreaha

‘girl, virgin’; ‘gadis, dara’

mopo-haŋa-haŋamopo-haŋa-haŋa

‘branching, e.g. about deer antlers’; ‘bercabang, mis. tentang tanduk rusa’

mo-rehamo-reha

‘yellow’; ‘kuning, berwarna kuning’

mo-riumo-riu

‘near’; ‘dekat’

mo-wahumo-wahu

‘new’; ‘baru’

mowalimowali

‘can’; ‘boleh’

mo-wasaʔmo-wasaʔ

‘wet’; ‘basah’

mo-waʔanmo-waʔan

‘sneeze’; ‘bersin’

mo-wohatmo-wohat

‘heavy’; ‘berat’

mo-wuatmo-wuat

‘lift up’; ‘mengangkat’

mo-wuhukmo-wuhuk

‘rotten, bad’; ‘busuk, buruk’

mo-wuimo-wui

‘go home, return’; ‘pulang, kembali’

mo-wunormo-wunor

‘congested’; ‘padat’

mo-wuroʔmo-wuroʔ

‘white’; ‘putih’

mulamula

‘plant’; ‘tanam’

munamuna

‘at first’; ‘mula-mula’

munsoŋmunsoŋ

‘snot, dirt nose’; ‘ingus, kotoran hidung’

nanamnanam

‘taste of food’; ‘rasa makanan’

naŋganaŋɡa

‘jackfruit’; ‘nangka’; ‘Artocarpus integrifolia’

natunatu

‘egg’; ‘telur’

ŋaŋaŋaŋa

‘open mouth’; ‘membuka mulut’

ŋantiŋantiŋŋantiŋantiŋ

‘earrings’; ‘anting-anting’

ŋiponŋipon

‘tooth’; ‘gigi’

ŋiuŋŋiuŋ

‘nose’; ‘hidung’

nilunilu

‘hurt’; ‘ngilu’

ninisninis

‘rub’; ‘gosok’

no-humono-humo

‘broken’; ‘sudah pecah’

noŋkonoŋko

‘from, came from’; ‘dari, berasal dari’

noŋonunoŋonu

‘why’; ‘mengapa’

no-raisno-rais

‘finished’; ‘habis’

no-wiano-wia

‘life, maintain’; ‘hidup, pelihara’

no-wiritno-wirit

‘open’; ‘sudah terbuka’

no-wombaŋno-wombaŋ

‘disband, run’; ‘bubar, lari’

no-wonduno-wondu

‘fragrant’; ‘harum’

no-wosuno-wosu

‘full’; ‘kenyang’

no-wotakno-wotak

‘broken’; ‘pecah’

nunuknunuk

‘banyan tree’; ‘pohon beringin’; ‘Ficus benjamina’

obatogobatoɡ

‘ko. white caterpillar the size of a thumb’; ‘sej. ulat berwarna putih sebesar ibu jari tangan’

o-ihio-ihi

‘pillar, post supporting the house’; ‘pilar, tiang topang rumah’

olarolar

‘split’; ‘terbelah’

olaʔolaʔ

‘subside, stop, e.g. about heavy rain’; ‘reda, berhenti, mis. tentang hujan yang lebat’

olimaŋowolimaŋow

‘big crab’; ‘kepiting besar’

oluʔoluʔ

‘dew’; ‘embun’

ompuompu

‘grandchild’; ‘cucu’

onomonom

‘six’; ‘enam’

opatopat

‘four’; ‘empat’

opoyuopoju

‘bile’; ‘empedu’

otutotut

‘fart’; ‘kentut’

owahaowaha

‘shoulder’; ‘bahu’

owolowol

‘smoke’; ‘asap’

owuʔowuʔ

‘cough’; ‘batuk’

oyaʔojaʔ

‘embarrassed’; ‘malu’

oyoŋojoŋ

‘calm, subsided, e.g. about rain or storms’; ‘tenang, reda, mis. tentang hujan atau angin ribut’

oyorojor

‘press’; ‘tekan’

pahipahi

‘stingray’; ‘ikan pari’

pajanaŋanpaɟanaŋan

‘antique copper lamp’; ‘lampu antik dari tembaga’

pakiʔpakiʔ

‘top’; ‘gasing’

pakuʔpakuʔ

‘fern’; ‘sayur paku’; ‘Asplenium esculentum’

palarpalar

‘footprint (hand or foot)’; ‘tapak (tangan atau kaki)’

paliʔpaliʔ

‘wound’; ‘luka’

pampiŋpampiŋ

‘move’; ‘pindah’

panaʔpanaʔ

‘arrow’; ‘panah’

pandiŋpandiŋ

‘water jug’; ‘tempayan’

paŋempaʔpaŋempaʔ

‘embankment (in rice fields)’; ‘pematang (di sawah)’

paŋkoypaŋkoj

‘stalk, e.g. flower stalk’; ‘tangkai, mis. tangkai bunga’

paraŋparaŋ

‘kunai grass’; ‘alang-alang’; ‘Imperata arundinacea’

pasokpasok

‘stake (fence post)’; ‘pancang (tiang pagar)’

pasuʔpasuʔ

‘hot’; ‘panas’

pataʔpataʔ

‘sheet’; ‘lembar, helai’

patoypatoj

‘kill’; ‘bunuh’

payoypajoj

‘rice’; ‘padi’; ‘Oriza sativa’

paʔapaʔa

‘thigh’; ‘paha’

peŋkolpeŋkol

‘club (of the foot)’; ‘pengkor (tentang kaki)’

pihapiha

‘good’; ‘baik’

pihispihis

‘beam on the floor of the house’; ‘balok pada lantai rumah’

piliʔpiliʔ

‘choose’; ‘pilih, memilih’

piŋipiŋi

‘huddled together, e.g. about bananas’; ‘berdempet, mis. tentang buah pisang’

pinsurpinsur

‘stumble, e.g. stone feet when walking’; ‘terantuk, mis. kaki batu ketika berjalan’

pintarpintar

‘beach’; ‘pantai’

pipispipis

‘chick’; ‘anak ayam’

pisowpisow

‘knife’; ‘pisau’

pitupitu

‘seven’; ‘tujuh’

piuŋpiuŋ

‘bun’; ‘sanggul’

pohuntuŋpohuntuŋ

‘dandruff, dirt on the scalp’; ‘ketombe, kotoran di kulit kepala’

pomponupomponu

‘turtle’; ‘kura-kura’

pondampondam

‘feeling’; ‘perasaan’

poŋkoʔpoŋkoʔ

‘devil whose job is to take people's hearts’; ‘iblis yang kerjanya mengambil jantung orang’

ponikponik

‘go on’; ‘naik’

ponikiponiki

‘bat’; ‘kelelawar’

ponopono

‘down’; ‘turun’

popaspopas

‘wipe, delete, eliminate, e.g. writing’; ‘hapus, menghapus, menghilangkan, mis. tulisan’

popohiʔpopohiʔ

‘sting, painful’; ‘perih, pedih’

poporpopor

‘tip (of an elongated object)’; ‘ujung (dari benda yang memanjang)’

porilasporilas

‘spleen’; ‘limpa’

posaʔanposaʔan

‘carry’; ‘pikul’

poyokpojok

‘smoke (from combustion)’; ‘asap (dari hasil pembakaran)’

puhapuha

‘red’; ‘merah’

puhuspuhus

‘squeeze (by hand, e.g. squeezing coconut milk from coconuts to make oil)’; ‘peras (dengan tangan, mis. memeras santan dari kelapa kukur yang akan dibuat minyak)’

puliŋpuliŋ

‘full, e.g. water in the baking dish’; ‘penuh, mis. air di dalam loyang’

puliŋpuliŋ

‘sty, foreign object in the eye’; ‘lilip, benda asing di mata’

pulorpulor

‘pieces of wood that still have fire on them’; ‘potongan kayu yang masih ada apinya’

pulupulu

‘handle’; ‘gagang, mis. gagang garang’

puluʔpuluʔ

‘tens’; ‘puluh’

punsianaʔpunsianaʔ

‘ko. ghost’; ‘kuntilanak’

pupupupu

‘scabies’; ‘kudis’

pusoŋipusoŋi

‘cheek’; ‘pipi’

pusorpusor

‘navel, central (in the middle of the stomach)’; ‘pusar, pusat (pada tengah perut)’

pusuʔpusuʔ

‘heart’; ‘jantung’

putiʔputiʔ

‘white’; ‘putih’

puyutpujut

‘pick up’; ‘pungut’

raŋkomraŋkom

‘handheld’; ‘genggam’

ranterante

‘chain’; ‘rantai’

romanroman

‘also, as well’; ‘juga, demikian juga’

rurusrurus

‘fall, luruh (of fruit or duan)’; ‘gugur, luruh (tentang buah atau duan)’

sahinsahin

‘banana’; ‘pisang’

sakitsakit

‘sick’; ‘sakit’

sakoysakoj

‘go on, drive’; ‘naik, mengendarai’

sakulsakul

‘spear, e.g. towards animals’; ‘menombak, mis. terhadap binatang’

salaʔsalaʔ

‘wrong’; ‘salah’

salempaŋsalempaŋ

‘(cloth) sash’; ‘(kain) selempang’

salosalo

‘house floor’; ‘lantai rumah’

saluysaluj

‘buy’; ‘beli’

sampaŋsampaŋ

‘straddle (of the legs)’; ‘kangkang (tentang kaki)’

sandipsandip

‘insert, skid’; ‘sisip, selip’

saŋasaŋa

‘branch’; ‘cabang’

sanowsanow

‘remember, recalled’; ‘ingat, kenang’

sapatsapat

‘put, e.g. something on the table’; ‘meletakkan, mis. sesuatu benda di atas meja’

saputsaput

‘shroud, wrap’; ‘kafan, bungkus’

sapuʔsapuʔ

‘meat’; ‘daging’

saraŋsaraŋ

‘hooked, e.g. clothes on nails on the wall’; ‘sangkut, mis. baju pada paku di dinding’

sariksarik

‘gore’; ‘menanduk’

sasaʔsasaʔ

‘sago or palm leaves (as roofing material for houses)’; ‘daun sagu atau nipah (sebagai bahan atap rumah)’

sawaʔsawaʔ

‘tell me’; ‘suruh’

sawursawur

‘sprinkle, scattered’; ‘tabur, hambur’

sayarsajar

‘divide, slice’; ‘iris, bagi’

sayowonsajowon

‘advance, front, (face to face), eg the location of the house’; ‘muka, depan, (ber)hadapan, mis letak rumah’

sayuksajuk

‘scoop, dip, e.g. water from the pool’; ‘sauk, ciduk, mis. air dari kolam’

seaʔseaʔ

‘fish’; ‘ikan’

sendoisiksendoisik

‘little finger’; ‘(jari) kelingking’

siasia

‘he, she, it’; ‘ia’

siansian

‘stomach’; ‘perut’

sikusiku

‘elbow’; ‘siku’

silarsilar

‘talipot palm’; ‘pohon silar’; ‘Corypha umbraculifera’

siŋkorsiŋkor

‘heel’; ‘tumit’

sinitsinit

‘cow lice’; ‘kutu sapi’

siowsiow

‘nine’; ‘sembilan’

sipitsipit

‘pinch, e.g. clamp down on embers or fire’; ‘jeppit, mis. menjepit bara atau api’

sisisisi

‘winnow (rice)’; ‘menampi (beras)’

siupsiup

‘in the below section’; ‘di (bagian) bawah’

sogotsoɡot

‘strong (because of a bond)’; ‘kuat (karena ikatan)’

sohaʔsohaʔ

‘light’; ‘lampu’

sohisisohisi

‘ko. rattan’; ‘sej. rotan’; ‘Calamus’

sohomsohom

‘ant’; ‘semut’

solasola

‘big’; ‘besar’

sologsoloɡ

‘current’; ‘arus’

sombuŋaʔsombuŋaʔ

‘pimple’; ‘jerawat’

somotsomot

‘pin’; ‘peniti’

soŋasoŋa

‘blow your nose, while narrowing your nostrils with your fingers’; ‘mengeluarkan ingus, sambil mengecilkan lubang hidung dengan jari’

soŋitsoŋit

‘sharp odor, e.g. underarm odor’; ‘bau yang tajam, mis. bau ketiak’

soŋkowsoŋkow

‘fell’; ‘terjerambab’

soŋonusoŋonu

‘how many’; ‘berapa’

sonsolsonsol

‘regret’; ‘sesal, menyesal’

sopiʔsopiʔ

‘banana comb’; ‘sisiran buah pisang’

sopoyorsopojor

‘sticky (of the taste of unripe fruit)’; ‘pekat (tentang rasa buah-buahan yang belum masak)’

sopuotsopuot

‘fog (after rain)’; ‘kabut (sesudah hujan)’

soruʔsoruʔ

‘belch, burp’; ‘sedak, serdawa’

so-sairso-sair

‘comb’; ‘sisir’

sosopsosop

‘suction, suck’; ‘isap, mengisap’

soyopsojop

‘enter, set (of the sun or moon)’; ‘masuk, terbenam (tentang matahri atau bulan)’

soyopansojopan

‘(to the) west (where the sun or moon sets)’; ‘(sebelah) barat (tempat terbenamnya matahri atau bulan)’

soʔolussoʔolus

‘slick, good, e.g. about the results of work or how to organize something’; ‘apik, bagus, mis. tentang hasil pekerjaan atau cara mengatur sesuatu’

suaŋsuaŋ

‘fill’; ‘isi’

suhatsuhat

‘enough, on (adequate)’; ‘cukup, pada (memadai)’

suhatansuhatan

‘hit’; ‘kena’

sulapirsulapir

‘braid (of hair), chicken (of mat)’; ‘jalin (tentang rambut), ayam (tentang tikar)’

suliʔsuliʔ

‘reply’; ‘balas’

suluʔsuluʔ

‘fire’; ‘api’

sumpaŋsumpaŋ

‘sago’; ‘sagu’; ‘Metroxylon sagu’

suŋkursuŋkur

‘stick’; ‘tongkat’

suŋoysuŋoj

‘horn’; ‘tanduk’

suotsuot

‘enter’; ‘masuk, kamar’

supaʔsupaʔ

‘k.o. measure’; ‘cupak’

susususu

‘breasts’; ‘buah dada’

takintakin

‘friend’; ‘teman’

takortakor

‘climb (of mountains)’; ‘mendaki (tentang gunung)’

takowtakow

‘steal’; ‘curi’

talitali

‘rope’; ‘tali’

taliwtaliw

‘pass, e.g. in front of the house’; ‘lewat, mis. di depan rumah’

talowtalow

‘coward’; ‘penakut, pengecut’

tamitami

‘sweet’; ‘manis’

tanowtanow

‘look from a (somewhat) high place, e.g. from the top of a mountain or the ridge of a house’; ‘melihat dari tempat yang (agak) tinggi, mis. dari atas puncak gunung atau bubungan rumah’

tantuaŋtantuaŋ

‘ko. shell which can be blown (like a trumpet)’; ‘sej. bia (yang dapat ditiup)’

tawatawa

‘fat, salary’; ‘lemak, gajih’

tawaŋtawaŋ

‘tastes bland (of the taste of food)’; ‘berasa tawar (tentang rasa makanan)’

tawitawi

‘darling’; ‘sayang’

taʔautaʔau

‘know’; ‘tahu’

teŋkelteŋkel

‘box’; ‘bertinju’

tilaitilai

‘for, share’; ‘bagi, membagi’

tilitili

‘down (of a mountain)’; ‘menuruni (tentang gunung)’

tilontilon

‘lime (which is usually eaten with betel or areca nut)’; ‘kapur (yang biasa dimakan dengan sirih atau pinang)’

tindartindar

‘light, ray’; ‘cahaya, sinar’

tioltiol

‘foot’; ‘kaki’

tipuʔtipuʔ

‘pick’; ‘petik’

tiutiu

‘sleep’; ‘tidur’

tohoʔindoptohoʔindop

‘dream’; ‘mimpi’

toiʔtoiʔ

‘pee’; ‘kencing’

tokaptokap

‘slap’; ‘tampar’

tolutolu

‘three’; ‘tiga’

tombohokikitombohokiki

‘scissor bird’; ‘burung serigunting’

tonaŋowtonaŋow

‘crop-eating bug, rice pest’; ‘pianggang, walangsangit’

tondoktondok

‘fence’; ‘pagar’

toŋkortoŋkor

‘stop, e.g. blood is flowing’; ‘berhenti, mis. darah yang sedang mengalir’

tontolawaʔtontolawaʔ

‘spider’; ‘labah-labah’

tontolonantontolonan

‘esophagus’; ‘kerongkongan’

totaktotak

‘fail, fall, e.g. ripe fruit’; ‘gugur, jatuh, mis. buah yang sudah masak’

totartotar

‘mince, cut into small pieces’; ‘cincang, potong kecil-kecil’

totoytotoj

‘small bridge (usually made of bamboo or wooden sticks)’; ‘jembatan kecil (biasanya terbuat dari bambu atau batang kayu)’

to-tuʔuto-tuʔu

‘right, correct’; ‘betul, benar’

towatowa

‘part of a river or seashore that is not flooded with water’; ‘bagian sungai atau tepi laut yang tidak digenangi air’

towoktowok

‘black stains on clothes (due to moisture)’; ‘noda hitam pada baju (karena kelembaban)’

toyuŋtojuŋ

‘wide hat from palm leaves (round shape)’; ‘topi lebar dari daun nipah (bentuknya bundar)’

tuhaktuhak

‘stab’; ‘tusuk’

tuhaʔtuhaʔ

‘gluttonous (of how to eat)’; ‘rakus (tentang cara makan)’

tukartukar

‘ladder’; ‘tangga’

tukortukor

‘stand with a cane’; ‘berdiri dengan menggunakan tongkat’

tulantulan

‘bone’; ‘tulang’

tulirtulir

‘straight’; ‘lurus’

tulurtulur

‘push’; ‘dorong’

tumatuma

‘clothing lice’; ‘tuma, kutu baju’

t-um-indot-um-indo

‘stand’; ‘berdiri’

tumpalaktumpalak

‘frog’; ‘katak’

tundutundu

‘follow, next’; ‘ikut, susul’

tuŋowtuŋow

‘mite’; ‘tungau’

tunutunu

‘burn’; ‘bakar’

turuturu

‘on, above, e.g. put something on the table’; ‘atas, di atas, mis. letak sesuatu benda di atas meja’

tutuŋtutuŋ

‘burn, scorched’; ‘bakar, hangus’

tuwatuwa

‘answer, said’; ‘jawab, sahut’

tuwatuwa

‘derris root (which is usually used to kill fish)’; ‘tuba (yang biasa digunakan untuk membunuh ikan)’; ‘Derris elliptica’

tuʔortuʔor

‘single tree (remaining on the ground)’; ‘tunggal pohon (yang tersisa di tanah)’

uhatuhat

‘seeds (numeral classifier)’; ‘biji (kata bantu bilangan)’

uhatuhat

‘veins’; ‘urat nadi’

ukaʔukaʔ

‘shell’; ‘tempurung’

ulaula

‘snake’; ‘ular’

ulasulas

‘sweat’; ‘keringat’

ulipanulipan

‘centipede’; ‘lipan’

ulirulir

‘lie down’; ‘baring’

ulorulor

‘caterpillar’; ‘ulat’

uluulu

‘head’; ‘kepala’

ulunanulunan

‘pillow’; ‘bantal kepala’

umpuŋumpuŋ

‘demon, ghost’; ‘setan, hantu’

unapunap

‘fish scale’; ‘sisik ikan’

undamundam

‘drug’; ‘obat’

unonunon

‘orphan’; ‘(anak) yatim piatu’

untuuntu

‘carry on head’; ‘menjunjung’

uoyuoj

‘rattan’; ‘rotan’; ‘Calamus’

utasutas

‘brother (for family relationships, not greetings)’; ‘saudara (untuk hubungan kekluargaan, bukan kata sapaan)’

uwanuwan

‘gray hair’; ‘uban’

uyanujan

‘rain’; ‘hujan’

uyaŋujaŋ

‘shrimp’; ‘udang’

wahatwahat

‘rainy season’; ‘musim hujan’

waluwalu

‘eight’; ‘delapan’

wasoywasoj

‘iron’; ‘besi’

watokwatok

‘step’; ‘tiri’

watuwatu

‘rock’; ‘batu’

wewekwewek

‘duck’; ‘itik’

winiʔwiniʔ

‘rotten eggs’; ‘telur busuk’

wohaswohas

‘rice’; ‘beras’

wolaywolaj

‘monkey’; ‘kera’

wulawanwulawan

‘gold’; ‘emas’

wuliʔwuliʔ

‘butt’; ‘pantat’

wunakwunak

‘dibble’; ‘menugal’

wuŋaŋwuŋaŋ

‘flower’; ‘bunga’

wutulwutul

‘rope knot’; ‘simpul tali’

wuwukwuwuk

‘powder, ko. wood-eating termites’; ‘bubuk, sej. rayap pemakan kayu’

yaŋowjaŋow

‘irritated’; ‘jengkel’

yayuʔjajuʔ

‘far’; ‘jauh’

yoŋitjoŋit

‘mosquito’; ‘nyamuk’

yopajopa

‘fathom’; ‘depa’