Blust & Trussel (2019g): Proto-Philippine
Search entries
| Headword | IPA | Glosses | |
|---|---|---|---|
| *aba | ‘carry pick-a-back’ | ||
| *abag | ‘join forces, cooperate in working’ | ||
| *abaká | ‘Manila hemp’; ‘Musa textilis’ | ||
| *abal | ‘beetle sp.’ | ||
| *abála | ‘bother, disturb, annoy or inconvenience someone’ | ||
| *abat | ‘extract from body (as sliver, or imagined cause of illness in shamanic practice)’ | ||
| *abat | ‘spirit that causes sickness’ | ||
| *abay | ‘side by side’ | ||
| *abij | ‘copulate’ | ||
| *abijay | ‘sling over the shoulder’ | ||
| *abilus | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Acalypha spp.’ | ||
| *abúluy | ‘assistance given to someone in need’ | ||
| *ábuR | ‘chase, drive away’ | ||
| *abuyu | ‘boil sugarcane to make sugarcane wine’ | ||
| *adayúq | ‘far’ | ||
| *ága | ‘early, punctual’ | ||
| *ágiw | ‘soot’ | ||
| *agúm | ‘associate with someone’ | ||
| *águm | ‘appropriate for oneself’ | ||
| *agum-an | ‘defend, protect one’s interests’ | ||
| *alabat | ‘fence, wall’ | ||
| *alagád | ‘wait’ | ||
| *alaŋ | ‘doubt, hesitation’ | ||
| *alaŋ-alaŋ | ‘hesitate, doubt’ | ||
| *alaŋ-án | ‘hesitate, doubt’ | ||
| *álem | ‘k.o. shrub or tree’; ‘Melanolepis multiglandulosa’ | ||
| *alik-qabuk | ‘dust’ | ||
| *alílaq | ‘care for someone, wait on’ | ||
| *alinaw | ‘shadow’ | ||
| *áman | ‘careful, cautious’ | ||
| *amuluŋ | ‘type of wild vine used to blacken the teeth’ | ||
| *amuma | ‘entertain guests, look after visitors’ | ||
| *anad | ‘accustomed to, skilled at, used to’ | ||
| *anam | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Glochidion spp’ | ||
| *ananay | ‘exclamation of pain, ouch!’ | ||
| *ananay | ‘go or do something slowly, take one’s time’ | ||
| *anayup | ‘beautyberry’; ‘Callicarpa spp’ | ||
| *aŋ | ‘in the line of sight, clearly visible’ | ||
| *áŋal | ‘complain, argue back’ | ||
| *aŋaŋ | ‘large earthenware jar’ | ||
| *aŋas | ‘face, countenance’ | ||
| *aŋáy | ‘fit, match, suitable’ | ||
| *aŋkás | ‘ride together with someone else, ride tandem’ | ||
| *antábay | ‘stay with, accompany’ | ||
| *antad | ‘open, spacious’ | ||
| *antap | ‘guess, suspect’ | ||
| *ántiŋ | ‘hear at a distance’ | ||
| *anu-en | ‘how? In what way?’ | ||
| *apat | ‘lie in wait, set an ambush in hunting game’ | ||
| *apatut | ‘small tree’; ‘Morinda citrifolia Linn. (probably)’ | ||
| *ap(e)lag | ‘lying flat (of something that is usually upright, or in some other position)’ | ||
| *ap(e)rus | ‘touch someone lightly, rub the back’ | ||
| *apiŋ | ‘cheek’ | ||
| *apu apu | ‘forefathers, ancestors’ | ||
| *apu-en | ‘regard as a grandparent or grandchild (?)’ | ||
| *apu-q | ‘grandparent, ancestor, lord, master, owner (voc.)’ | ||
| *apúy | ‘break out in boils’ | ||
| *aRama | ‘k.o. large marine crab’ | ||
| *aráy | ‘exclamation of pain’ | ||
| *atá | ‘expression (as of displeasure or surprise)’ | ||
| *atáb | ‘flood tide’ | ||
| *átaŋ | ‘sacrifice to the spirits’ | ||
| *átaŋ átaŋ | ‘poisonous arthropod’ | ||
| *atúbaŋ | ‘face, confront’ | ||
| *awat | ‘separate people who are fighting’ | ||
| *áway | ‘quarrel, argue, fight’ | ||
| *ayáw | ‘depart, separate from’ | ||
| *áyun | ‘agree with, in concord with’ | ||
| *áyus | ‘arrange, make something neat or proper’ | ||
| *b<in>a-bahi | ‘effeminate (of a man)’ | ||
| *b<in>eRas | ‘pounded rice’ | ||
| *b<in>ukbuk | ‘worm-eaten’ | ||
| *b<in>uRbuR | ‘rice porridge’ | ||
| *b<um>aŋun | ‘arise from sleep’ | ||
| *b<um>áwiq | ‘recover, regain something lost’ | ||
| *bábad | ‘soak’ | ||
| *ba-bahi-en | ‘take a woman as mistress’ | ||
| *baduŋ | ‘bolo used in agricultural work’ | ||
| *bagáy | ‘well-matched’ | ||
| *bágay | ‘thing, detail’ | ||
| *bágay-bágay | ‘details, particulars’ | ||
| *bagbág | ‘destroy, ruin’ | ||
| *bagbag-en | ‘destroyed, broken apart’ | ||
| *bag(e)qut | ‘pull out’ | ||
| *bag(e)qut-en | ‘pull out’ | ||
| *bag(e)sák | ‘fall to the ground (of something heavy)’ | ||
| *bagiat | ‘anklet, ribbon worn around leg’ | ||
| *bagut | ‘pull out (as hair)’ | ||
| *bagut-en | ‘pull out (as hair)’ | ||
| *baháy | ‘vine, possibly arrowroot, famine food’ | ||
| *bahén | ‘sneeze’ | ||
| *báhiq | ‘hard outer wood of a palm trunk (used in making bows)’ | ||
| *bákal | ‘spear used in warfare, throw a spear at someone’ | ||
| *bakaŋ | ‘divert the attention of someone’ | ||
| *bakáq | ‘maybe, perhaps, possibly’ | ||
| *bakbak | ‘frog’ | ||
| *bake | ‘k.o. monkey’ | ||
| *bak(e)nis | ‘tear with an upward motion’ | ||
| *bakes | ‘old woman, female (of animals)’ | ||
| *baketin | ‘piglet, suckling pig’ | ||
| *balalaŋ | ‘long-legged shore-bird, sandpiper or snipe’ | ||
| *balaqih | ‘co-parent-in-law, relationship between parents of spouses’ | ||
| *bala(R)báR | ‘crosswise, athwart’ | ||
| *balát | ‘edible marine invertebrate, probably sea cucumber’ | ||
| *balaw | ‘k.o. small shrimp’ | ||
| *baláw | ‘negative marker’ | ||
| *baláyaŋ | ‘k.o. banana’ | ||
| *bal(e)ñáw | ‘rinse, rinse off’ | ||
| *báli | ‘join, participate in, accompany’ | ||
| *balíkes | ‘encircle, wrap around’ | ||
| *baliketád | ‘reverse, turn around’ | ||
| *balikid | ‘reverse, turn over or around’ | ||
| *balíkis | ‘tie around, belt’ | ||
| *balikutkút | ‘bend, curl up’ | ||
| *balilit | ‘species of edible snail’ | ||
| *balinu | ‘creeping vine that grows on sandy beaches, beach morning glory’; ‘Ipomoea pes-caprae’ | ||
| *balisúsu | ‘bird: the kingfisher’ | ||
| *balítiq | ‘tree: the banyan or strangler fig’ | ||
| *balitúk | ‘gold ore’ | ||
| *baliw-an | ‘change, exchange, repeat, return, again’ | ||
| *baliweswes | ‘rotate, turn around (of an object)’ | ||
| *balud | ‘bind, tie up (as a person)’ | ||
| *balud-en | ‘bind, tie up (as a person)’ | ||
| *balúlaŋ | ‘large open-work basket’ | ||
| *balútu | ‘dugout canoe’ | ||
| *banabá | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Lagerstroemia speciosa’ | ||
| *banal | ‘tired’ | ||
| *ban(e)héd | ‘numb, 'fall asleep' (of a limb)’ | ||
| *banéR | ‘bruise, raise welts’ | ||
| *ban(e)sag | ‘nickname (?)’ | ||
| *baŋaq | ‘earthen water jar’ | ||
| *baŋ(e)lúh | ‘fragrance, pleasant odor’ | ||
| *baŋil | ‘wedge, shim, piece inserted to prevent movement’ | ||
| *baŋús | ‘milkfish’; ‘Chanos chanos’ | ||
| *bani | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Pongamia spp.’ | ||
| *baniákaw | ‘k.o. tree’ | ||
| *banisah | ‘tree: Planchonella obovata’ | ||
| *bantug | ‘fame, famous, renowned’ | ||
| *banuít | ‘fish hook’ | ||
| *banúR | ‘hawk, eagle’ | ||
| *banútan | ‘k.o. tree’ | ||
| *baqak | ‘old’ | ||
| *báqug | ‘spoiled, gone to waste, never realized (of potential for fertility)’ | ||
| *baququ | ‘tortoise, land turtle’ | ||
| *bara-bara | ‘move arms in a flailing motion (as in freestyle swimming)’ | ||
| *barakílan | ‘crossbeam in house construction’ | ||
| *baranbán | ‘small marine fish’ | ||
| *baraŋgay | ‘communal boat’ | ||
| *baRat | ‘meet’ | ||
| *barat | ‘k.o. tree’ | ||
| *barit | ‘type of rattan’ | ||
| *baRubu | ‘k.o. tree with edible fruit’; ‘Diplodiscus paniculatus Turz.’ | ||
| *basag | ‘crack, break, cracked, broken’ | ||
| *basal | ‘playing of gongs’ | ||
| *basbas | ‘come apart (as the fibers of a rope)’ | ||
| *bási | ‘sugarcane wine’ | ||
| *básul | ‘blame someone for something’ | ||
| *basula | ‘hairy eggplant’; ‘Solanum ferox Linn.’ | ||
| *batéŋ | ‘hunting net, net used in hunting’ | ||
| *batiŋ | ‘catch by the legs’ | ||
| *batiŋtiŋ | ‘ringing sound (as of a bell)’ | ||
| *batun | ‘lift, raise’ | ||
| *batuR | ‘aligned, lined up’ | ||
| *bawaŋ | ‘for water to run downhill (as in artificial irrigation on terraced hillsides)’ | ||
| *bawas | ‘reduce, lower (as a price)’ | ||
| *baweR | ‘trigger on spring trap’ | ||
| *báwiq | ‘recover something lost, regain’ | ||
| *bawiq-en | ‘recover something lost’ | ||
| *báyaŋ-báyaŋ | ‘k.o. marine fish’ | ||
| *bayáq | ‘leave things or people alone, abandon’ | ||
| *baybáy | ‘beach, shore’ | ||
| *bayug | ‘slender bamboo used for binding’ | ||
| *beh(e)ñat | ‘stretch’ | ||
| *bejbej-en | ‘wind, tie by winding around’ | ||
| *bekeR-an | ‘choke on something swallowed (as a fishbone)’ | ||
| *belay | ‘tired, weary, tire, grow tired’ | ||
| *beles | ‘retaliate, take revenge’ | ||
| *beŋát | ‘state, express in words’ | ||
| *beŋ(e)qáw | ‘chasm, precipice’ | ||
| *beŋet | ‘edge, border’ | ||
| *beŋet | ‘moustache, whiskers’ | ||
| *beŋuit | ‘fishhook’ | ||
| *beRnát | ‘relapse’ | ||
| *beRták | ‘hit, strike, or hard objects colliding’ | ||
| *beRus | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Acalypha amentacea Roxb.’ | ||
| *bes(e)kág | ‘open (as a flower)’ | ||
| *bes(e)káj | ‘open (as a flower)’ | ||
| *bes(e)qel | ‘blame someone for something’ | ||
| *betek | ‘bundle or sheaf (as of rice)’ | ||
| *beték | ‘binding material, cordage, bundle’ | ||
| *betek-en | ‘bind into bundles or sheaves’ | ||
| *beteŋ | ‘pull’ | ||
| *biaR | ‘satiated, full after eating’ | ||
| *big(e)láq | ‘suddenly’ | ||
| ̈*bihaR-en | ‘allowed to live, given life, made captive’ | ||
| *bijaqu | ‘winnowing basket’ | ||
| *bikad | ‘spread the legs’ | ||
| *bik(e)laj | ‘spread out, unfurl’ | ||
| *bik(e)lát | ‘scar’ | ||
| *bilaŋ | ‘supposing that, as if, consider, treat as’ | ||
| *bilaq | ‘friend, companion’ | ||
| *bilas | ‘relationship between spouses of siblings’ | ||
| *bilu | ‘blackened’ | ||
| *biŋát | ‘stretch open, dilate’ | ||
| *biŋkit | ‘joined along the length’ | ||
| *binuŋa | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Macaranga tanarius’ | ||
| *bisíbis | ‘sprinkle water on something’ | ||
| *bítay | ‘hang’ | ||
| *bitay-en | ‘hung, suspended’ | ||
| *bitek | ‘intestinal worm’ | ||
| *bítin | ‘hang, suspend’ | ||
| *bítin-bítin | ‘hang, suspend’ | ||
| *bítu | ‘pit, hole, well, waterhole’ | ||
| *biu | ‘k.o. tree’ | ||
| *buág | ‘uproot a tree’ | ||
| *buál | ‘uproot a tree’ | ||
| *buaŋ | ‘release something pent-up, let something go’ | ||
| *buás | ‘tomorrow’ | ||
| *bu-bahi | ‘woman, female’ | ||
| *budbud | ‘powdery substance’ | ||
| *búgaq | ‘pumice’ | ||
| *bugbug-en | ‘hit with the fist, beat up’ | ||
| *bug(e)ris | ‘flow through a small opening (of rushing water)’ | ||
| *bug(e)suk | ‘steep descent’ | ||
| *bug(e)túŋ | ‘alone, single’ | ||
| *buhis-an | ‘one to whom tribute is paid’ | ||
| *bujas | ‘pluck, as fruit’ | ||
| *bujiq | ‘fish eggs, roe’ | ||
| *bukbuk | ‘pour out (possibly only solids)’ | ||
| *buk(e)lad | ‘unfold, open up, blossom’ | ||
| *buk(e)law | ‘gluttonous, greedy with food’ | ||
| *buk(e)lid | ‘stumble, lose balance and fall’ | ||
| *buk(e)núl | ‘knot, lump’ | ||
| *buk(e)tút | ‘bulge (as the belly of a pregnant woman), hunchback’ | ||
| *bukul | ‘lumpy, full of lumps’ | ||
| *bulág | ‘cataract of the eye, hazy or blurred vision’ | ||
| *bulalákaw | ‘shooting star, meteor, spirit of the shooting star’ | ||
| *bulalákaw | ‘spoiled coconut’ | ||
| *bulbúl | ‘body hair, feathers’ | ||
| *bul(e)díŋ | ‘blind in one eye’ | ||
| *bulig-an | ‘carry on a pole between two persons, help someone carry a load’ | ||
| *bulilít | ‘dwarfish, small (of people)’ | ||
| *bulínaw | ‘anchovy’; ‘Stolephorus spp.’ | ||
| *bulud | ‘borrow, lend’ | ||
| *bulud-an | ‘borrow’ | ||
| *bulud-an | ‘mountainous area’ | ||
| *bulug | ‘uncastrated male animal, stud, male breeding animal’ | ||
| *bunal | ‘beat up, bruise someone’ | ||
| *buŋáŋaq | ‘open the mouth wide’ | ||
| *buŋaw | ‘scrotum, testicles’ | ||
| *buŋbuŋ | ‘deep resounding sound’ | ||
| *buŋ(e)tút | ‘stench, bad odor’ | ||
| *buŋiq | ‘harelip, missing or crooked teeth’ | ||
| *buŋun | ‘wrapping material, wrap’ | ||
| *buŋuq | ‘skull’ | ||
| *buŋuran | ‘k.o. banana’ | ||
| *buniag | ‘baptism’ | ||
| *bunuj | ‘k.o. mushroom’ | ||
| *bunuŋ | ‘distribute, pass out shares (as of food)’ | ||
| *búnuR | ‘generic for small fish such as gobies’ | ||
| *búnut | ‘pulling out, uprooting’ | ||
| *bunut-an | ‘remove coconut husk, scrub with coconut husk’ | ||
| *bunut-en | ‘fibrous’ | ||
| *bunút-en | ‘pull out, uproot’ | ||
| *bunut-i | ‘husk it!’ | ||
| *bunwít | ‘fishhook’ | ||
| *buqak | ‘split open’ | ||
| *buqbuq-an | ‘place into which something is poured’ | ||
| *buqel | ‘protruding part of the lower leg’ | ||
| *buq(e)tis | ‘pregnant’ | ||
| *búquŋ | ‘broken, shattered’ | ||
| *buRaw-en | ‘drive off, chase away, expel’ | ||
| *buR(e)túŋ | ‘only child, alone, by onself, go it alone’ | ||
| *buR(e)tuq | ‘snap under tension (rope, string)’ | ||
| *burúj | ‘lazy, listless, unwilling to work’ | ||
| *burul | ‘laid out after death, prepared for interment’ | ||
| *bus(e)qák | ‘split apart (of wood)’ | ||
| *busiq | ‘split, rip open’ | ||
| *busiqsiq | ‘split open’ | ||
| *busuáŋ | ‘strong free flow of water’ | ||
| *butakál | ‘male pig, boar’ | ||
| *butandiŋ | ‘whale?’ | ||
| *butbut | ‘make holes in sacks of rice, etc. (as chickens or rats do)’ | ||
| *butbut-en | ‘pulled out, plucked, what is pulled or plucked out’ | ||
| *buteliR | ‘having warts’ | ||
| *buteliR-an | ‘get smallpox, get swine disease’ | ||
| *butí | ‘smallpox, swine disease’ | ||
| *butik | ‘spotted, dappled, speckled’ | ||
| *butikíq | ‘gecko, house lizard’ | ||
| *bútil | ‘satiated, full (of the stomach)’ | ||
| *butíq | ‘roasted rice, popped rice’ | ||
| *butítiq | ‘have an inflated abdomen’ | ||
| *butúy | ‘swollen (of the flesh)’ | ||
| *buybuy | ‘silk cotton tree’; ‘Ceiba pentandra Linn.’ | ||
| *buybúy | ‘divulge secrets, recant’ | ||
| *buyequŋ-an | ‘paunchy, big-bellied’ | ||
| *buyug | ‘bumblebee’ | ||
| *buyúk | ‘rotten, stinking’ | ||
| *d<um>apuR | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *d<um>ayuq | ‘distance oneself, move far off’ | ||
| *d<um>uhá | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *dabuk | ‘dust’ | ||
| *dabuŋ | ‘bamboo shoot’ | ||
| *dada | ‘term of reference for older female relative’ | ||
| *dagaw | ‘play, frolic’ | ||
| *dagdag | ‘drop, fall down’ | ||
| *dag(e)qún | ‘year’ | ||
| *dág(e)saq | ‘wash ashore (as driftwood)’ | ||
| *dagus | ‘lodge, stay in someone else’s house’ | ||
| *dágus | ‘continue on with doing something, do immediately, do without hesitation’ | ||
| *dakél | ‘big, large (in size or quantity)’ | ||
| *dákit | ‘ford a river, cross to the other side (of a river, street, etc.)’ | ||
| *dalág | ‘mudfish, murrel’ | ||
| *dalágan | ‘rushing of water, rapids, cascade’ | ||
| *dálaw | ‘pay a visit, drop by to see someone’ | ||
| *daldál | ‘talkative, loquacious’ | ||
| *dalig | ‘buttress root’ | ||
| *dalíq | ‘quick, do quickly, do in a short time’ | ||
| *dalísay | ‘pure, high quality’ | ||
| *dalit | ‘venom, poison’ | ||
| *dalukap | ‘palm of the hand, sole of the foot’ | ||
| *dalúpaŋ | ‘k.o. shrub’ | ||
| *dalupániq | ‘k.o. freshwater fish’ | ||
| *dalús | ‘clearing in forest’ | ||
| *damaR | ‘stay up all night, continue until daybreak’ | ||
| *damít | ‘cloth, clothing’ | ||
| *danáq | ‘beaten track, footprints making a trail’ | ||
| *danáq | ‘that, those’ | ||
| *daŋaw | ‘handspan’ | ||
| *danug | ‘punch, hit with the fist’ | ||
| *dapak | ‘marine fish, probably snapper sp.’ | ||
| *dapat | ‘lie flat, flat area’ | ||
| *dapat | ‘should, ought to’ | ||
| *dápat | ‘place in contact with one another, come in contact, space closely’ | ||
| *dápat | ‘treat with medicine’ | ||
| *dapdáp | ‘cut chips or bits from something, scrape off’ | ||
| *dap(e)lis | ‘graze, brush against, strike at an angle’ | ||
| *dapílus | ‘skidding, stumbling, losing balance’ | ||
| *dapu | ‘attracted to, swarm around (as ants do on finding food)’ | ||
| *dapuq | ‘perch (of birds)’ | ||
| *daput | ‘however, provided that’ | ||
| *daq(e)taR | ‘floor’ | ||
| *daqit-en | ‘sew’ | ||
| *darás | ‘quick, fast (of speech or actions), often, frequently’ | ||
| *daRit | ‘bird of prey, swoop down and seize prey (of raptorial birds)’ | ||
| *darusdús | ‘slide down’ | ||
| *das(e)qaR | ‘food laid out for a feast’ | ||
| *daup | ‘bring the hands together’ | ||
| *daup | ‘cover, covering’ | ||
| *dawa | ‘excuse, alibi’ | ||
| *dáwat | ‘receive, ask for’ | ||
| *dawat-en | ‘receive, accept’ | ||
| *dawdaw | ‘k.o. marine snail’ | ||
| *dayaŋdáŋ | ‘k.o. tree with poisonous sap’ | ||
| *dayap | ‘k.o. small tree with leaves used as medicine’; ‘Citrus aurantifolia’ | ||
| *dáyaw | ‘praise someone’ | ||
| *dayket | ‘sticky, glutinous, adhesive’ | ||
| *dáyu | ‘stranger, foreigner, guest’ | ||
| *deket | ‘blackened (as the teeth with betel stains)’ | ||
| *deldel | ‘force something to move’ | ||
| *denden | ‘move aside, make room for (as by moving a little)’ | ||
| *denet | ‘touch, come in contact with’ | ||
| *deŋdeŋ | ‘cook vegetables’ | ||
| *deŋeR-en | ‘listen to’ | ||
| *depel | ‘touch’ | ||
| *deR(e)qas | ‘second pounding of rice’ | ||
| *desdes | ‘rub, rub together’ | ||
| *desdés | ‘push down, trample down (as vegetation)’ | ||
| *di-baliw | ‘on the opposite side’ | ||
| *dik(e)lém | ‘dark, obscure, cloudy’ | ||
| *dikén | ‘pad placed under cooking pots, loads to carry on the head, etc.’ | ||
| *dilam | ‘stick out the tongue’ | ||
| *dilas | ‘internal organ, pancreas (?)’ | ||
| *diláw | ‘turmeric, yellow’ | ||
| *dilis | ‘long-jawed anchovy’ | ||
| *diq | ‘particle of negation’ | ||
| *disúl | ‘k.o. herb with medicinal value’ | ||
| *dítaq | ‘snake venom, plant poison used on tips of arrows’ | ||
| *dúdun | ‘grasshopper, locust’ | ||
| *duduy | ‘term of endearment for a little boy’ | ||
| *dug | ‘lair of a wild pig for giving birth’ | ||
| *dúhul | ‘hand something to someone’ | ||
| *dukduk | ‘pound repeatedly, crush’ | ||
| *dúkut | ‘draw out, pickpocket someone’ | ||
| *dulaŋ | ‘tray or low table’ | ||
| *dulaw | ‘yellow, yellowish-brown (as dry leaves)’ | ||
| *duldúl | ‘forc, achieve by force’ | ||
| *duldúl | ‘thunder’ | ||
| *dulem | ‘darkening, obscuring of light’ | ||
| *dulí-dulí | ‘cicada’ | ||
| *dúlis | ‘shooting star, meteor’ | ||
| *dulit | ‘smudge, dirty spot’ | ||
| *dúlit | ‘shooting star, meteor’ | ||
| *duluk | ‘clean up a swidden after burning’ | ||
| *dúlut | ‘serve food, dish up food’ | ||
| *duŋus | ‘snout, nose’ | ||
| *dunuŋ | ‘knowledge, skill, intelligence’ | ||
| *dúyan | ‘swinging cradle for an infant’ | ||
| *duyuR | ‘coconut shell receptacle for food or water’ | ||
| *ekal | ‘remove, take off or out’ | ||
| *enat | ‘pull something toward oneself’ | ||
| *enat-en | ‘pull something toward oneself’ | ||
| *enem-an | ‘group of six’ | ||
| *enep | ‘keep to oneself’ | ||
| *eŋes | ‘sniffle, snore’ | ||
| *eŋit | ‘laugh, laughter’ | ||
| *eŋus | ‘sniffle, pant’ | ||
| *epis | ‘fibrous material at base of coconut frond’ | ||
| *eták | ‘bush knife, machete’ | ||
| *g<in>iliŋ | ‘what is ground up, what is produced by twisting around or grinding’ | ||
| *gabi | ‘taro’; ‘Colocasia esculenta’ | ||
| *gábut | ‘pull out or up’ | ||
| *gala | ‘almasiga tree’; ‘Agathis celebica (Koord.)’ | ||
| *galamáy | ‘finger, toe, tentacles of octopus’ | ||
| *gálaŋ | ‘respect, reverence’ | ||
| *galaŋ-en | ‘show respect for someone’ | ||
| *gámit | ‘use’ | ||
| *gamut | ‘poison’ | ||
| *gamut-en | ‘poison’ | ||
| *gaŋa | ‘open the mouth’ | ||
| *gánut | ‘pull up, pull out (as grass or a tooth)’ | ||
| *ganút-en | ‘pull up, pull out (as grass or a tooth)’ | ||
| *gápas | ‘sickle, harvest rice with a sickle’ | ||
| *gáqud | ‘oar, row a boat’ | ||
| *garáw | ‘restlessness, wild or unruly movement’ | ||
| *garaw-en | ‘move or touch in an agitated or compulsive fashion’ | ||
| *gásaŋ | ‘coral’ | ||
| *gatuŋ | ‘firewood’ | ||
| *gawed | ‘betel pepper’ | ||
| *gayák | ‘plan, prepare to do something’ | ||
| *gáyat | ‘slice into thin strips (as meat or vegetables)’ | ||
| *gayuŋ-gayuŋ | ‘k.o. seaweed’ | ||
| *gebáq | ‘destroy, demolish’ | ||
| *gelgél | ‘cut with sawing motion’ | ||
| *getget | ‘line, groove, mark made by cutting’ | ||
| *giaw | ‘shouting, shout’ | ||
| *gidgíd | ‘rub something off’ | ||
| *gílij | ‘side, edge’ | ||
| *gimpis | ‘crush between weights, press out’ | ||
| *giruk | ‘tickle, ticklish’ | ||
| *giwaŋ | ‘gap, open space, breach’ | ||
| *gubát | ‘attack, go to war’ | ||
| *gúguq | ‘tree with bark that can be used as a shampoo’; ‘Ganphyllum falcatum Bl.’ | ||
| *guláman | ‘gelatin, agar-agar’ | ||
| *gulamay | ‘finger, toe, tentacles of octopus’ | ||
| *gulay-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *gulay-en | ‘cook vegetables’ | ||
| *gúlis | ‘line, scratch, furrow’ | ||
| *gunay | ‘movement, move’ | ||
| *guyud | ‘k.o. banana’ | ||
| *guyud | ‘rice variety’ | ||
| *gúyud-an | ‘sled or board used for dragging materials (?)’ | ||
| *gúyud-en | ‘pulled or dragged along’ | ||
| *h<um>aq(e)muq | ‘become tame or gentle’ | ||
| *h<um>ebás | ‘subside, dry up’ | ||
| *hábas | ‘tumor in the mouth of an animal’ | ||
| *habél | ‘weave cloth’ | ||
| *habel-án | ‘loom for weaving cloth’ | ||
| *habhab | ‘gulp, devour, eat like a pig’ | ||
| *hábuŋ | ‘temporary hut, shelter’ | ||
| *hadawiq | ‘far, distant’ | ||
| *hag(e)kes | ‘wrap around, hug’ | ||
| *hajek-an | ‘kiss’ | ||
| *halhál | ‘pant (as a dog with open mouth)’ | ||
| *hambúg | ‘proud, boastful’ | ||
| *hampak | ‘slap, smack’ | ||
| *háŋad | ‘lift the head, raise the head’ | ||
| *haŋes | ‘breathe heavily or with difficulty’ | ||
| *haŋet | ‘gnaw, chew on’ | ||
| *haŋút | ‘chew on, gnaw on’ | ||
| *haŋut-en | ‘smell’ | ||
| *hápaR | ‘chase, pursue’ | ||
| *hapáR-en | ‘chased, pursued’ | ||
| *hap(e)lít | ‘whip’ | ||
| *hap(e)rus | ‘rub, massage’ | ||
| *hapin-an | ‘line (as a shelf or box), provide a lining for’ | ||
| *hapin-en | ‘lined by’ | ||
| *hapRus | ‘rub, massage’ | ||
| *hápun | ‘roost (of chickens), time of roosting’ | ||
| *hapun-an | ‘perch, roosting place for chickens’ | ||
| *haq(e)muq | ‘tame, docile, mild-mannered’ | ||
| *haq(e)was | ‘climb down, dismount, unload’ | ||
| *hárab | ‘for fish to prey on other fish’ | ||
| *hárab | ‘pasturage, grazing’ | ||
| *hátaR | ‘divide into shares, give out portions’ | ||
| *hátuŋ | ‘fuel for fire, anything used to start a fire’ | ||
| *hawaw | ‘thirst’ | ||
| *hayep | ‘animal’ | ||
| *háyup | ‘animal’ | ||
| *hebás | ‘evaporate, dry up’ | ||
| *hedam-en | ‘borrowed’ | ||
| *helek | ‘sleep’ | ||
| *henaq | ‘think, consider, thought, idea’ | ||
| *hendek | ‘moan, groan’ | ||
| *heŋit | ‘laughter, laugh’ | ||
| *hesek | ‘plant seeds by dibbling’ | ||
| *hesek-án | ‘field made by dibbling’ | ||
| *hi-bilín | ‘order, request’ | ||
| *hi-bulbul | ‘remove hair or feathers’ | ||
| *hideRáq | ‘lie down’ | ||
| *hig(e)pít | ‘pinch or squeeze between two surfaces’ | ||
| *hig(e)pít-en | ‘pinched or squeezed by’ | ||
| *higút | ‘tie up, tighten a rope’ | ||
| *higut-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *hikñat | ‘stretch’ | ||
| *hilab | ‘abdominal pain’ | ||
| *hilap | ‘slice, cut (as meat)’ | ||
| *hilap-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *hilap-en | ‘cut, slice (as meat)’ | ||
| *hiláw | ‘raw, unripe’ | ||
| *hilek | ‘k.o. sea fish, rudderfish’; ‘Kyphosus cinerascens’ | ||
| *hilít | ‘outskirts, edge of settlement’ | ||
| *hílut | ‘massaging, setting of bones’ | ||
| *hílut-en | ‘massage, set bones’ | ||
| *himatún | ‘notice, observe’ | ||
| *hínam | ‘crave, desire, intensely’ | ||
| *hin-anak-an | ‘brood, flock, lots of children’ | ||
| *híŋak | ‘sound of rushing water or air’ | ||
| *hinuR | ‘ripe, ripen (of fruit), reach a ‘ripe’ stage (of a head cold, a boil, etc.)’ | ||
| *hipes | ‘fall silent, keep quiet about something, keep a secret’ | ||
| *hípun | ‘small shrimp’ | ||
| *hipuq | ‘feel, touch’ | ||
| *hírap | ‘slice off, cut a slice off’ | ||
| *hiRét | ‘tighten, constriction’ | ||
| *hiRet-an | ‘tighten’ | ||
| *hírig | ‘lean, incline’ | ||
| *hírud | ‘scrape or rub off’ | ||
| *hitaq | ‘groin, crotch’ | ||
| *hiwáq | ‘cut, carved, sliced (meat or fish)’ | ||
| *hiwáq-an | ‘cut, carve, slice (meat or fish)’ | ||
| *hiwáq-en | ‘cut, carve, slice (meat or fish)’ | ||
| *hubád | ‘untie, unravel’ | ||
| *hubád-en | ‘untied, unravelled’ | ||
| *hubuq | ‘move something to another place’ | ||
| *hubuq-en | ‘move something to another place’ | ||
| *hukad | ‘untie, unpack, undo’ | ||
| *hulas | ‘sweat, perspiration’ | ||
| *hulhul | ‘come loose (as a belt)’ | ||
| *hulit | ‘lecture, sermon, harangue’ | ||
| *huñat | ‘stretch, straighten out’ | ||
| *húŋut | ‘coconut shell bowl or water scoop’ | ||
| *húnus | ‘tithe, share given for help in harvesting the crops’ | ||
| *húRut | ‘pull on or out with the fingers’ | ||
| *huyáp | ‘count, enumerate’ | ||
| *i-anak | ‘give birth’ | ||
| *iba | ‘another, other, different, distinct’ | ||
| *iba | ‘bad, evil’ | ||
| *i-bejbej | ‘that with which one binds something’ | ||
| *i-bukbuk | ‘pour out contents (of solids?)’ | ||
| *ibun | ‘k.o. bird’ | ||
| *ibus | ‘dessert made of rice’ | ||
| *idal | ‘fuss, complain, rebel, cause a disturbance’ | ||
| *i-da(ŋ)dáŋ | ‘expose to the heat of a fire or the sun’ | ||
| *idau | ‘k.o. snake’ | ||
| *i-deket | ‘stick, adhere’ | ||
| *i-depa | ‘extend the arms sideways’ | ||
| *i-gálaŋ | ‘show respect to’ | ||
| *ígat | ‘freshwater eel’ | ||
| *ihap | ‘counted, calculated’ | ||
| *i-huluR | ‘lower, drop’ | ||
| *ika | ‘fourth’ | ||
| *ikamen | ‘woven sleeping mat’ | ||
| *ika-pija | ‘which number is it?’ | ||
| *ika-siám | ‘ninth’ | ||
| *i-kayat | ‘climb vertically (as ladder, tree)’ | ||
| *ikut | ‘selfish, stingy, niggardly’ | ||
| *íkut | ‘revolve, twirl round’ | ||
| *i-lahúk | ‘mix two or more things’ | ||
| *i-lákaj | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ilep | ‘sip (as hot soup)’ | ||
| *íliw | ‘homesick, long for something that is missed’ | ||
| *impas | ‘consumed, paid up’ | ||
| *ímut | ‘stingy, selfish’ | ||
| *in-apu | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *inaR | ‘rays of the sun’ | ||
| *iñát-en | ‘stretched by’ | ||
| *i-ŋatu | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *íŋel | ‘angry, growl at’ | ||
| *iŋgit | ‘envy, envious’ | ||
| *iŋguk | ‘deep throaty sound’ | ||
| *iŋqiiŋ | ‘shrill sound’ | ||
| *in-inum | ‘drank (past)’ | ||
| *ipa- | ‘verb prefix: third-party causative-command’ | ||
| *ipa-bulud | ‘lend’ | ||
| *i-pada | ‘compare’ | ||
| *i-paen | ‘use as bait’ | ||
| *i-pagpág | ‘brush or shake off dust or dirt’ | ||
| *ipa-hedám | ‘lend something (?)’ | ||
| *i-pa-kita | ‘show, display’ | ||
| *ipa-qútaŋ | ‘lend, give a loan’ | ||
| *ipi-duhá | ‘second time (?)’ | ||
| *ipil | ‘k.o. leguminous shrub’; ‘Leucaena glauca’ | ||
| *i-piliq | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ípun | ‘rice variety’ | ||
| *ipus | ‘tail’ | ||
| *i-qábut | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *i-qañud | ‘adrift’ | ||
| *iqit | ‘scraped or filed down’ | ||
| *i-rámas | ‘mix, stir together’ | ||
| *irap | ‘slice meat or fish’ | ||
| *iráp-en | ‘slice meat or fish’ | ||
| *iriŋ | ‘similar, imitate’ | ||
| *íris | ‘watery diarrhea’ | ||
| *i-saksák | ‘insert, plug something in’ | ||
| *i-salét | ‘insert between, intersperse’ | ||
| *i-saqebít | ‘hang on a hook, suspend from something’ | ||
| *i-seksek | ‘cram, stuff in’ | ||
| *i-síŋit | ‘insert something’ | ||
| *ísip | ‘thinking, thoughts, opinion’ | ||
| *isip-en | ‘think (goal focus)’ | ||
| *i-súbuq | ‘put food into the mouth’ | ||
| *isul | ‘retreat, move backwards’ | ||
| *i-sumpaq | ‘curse someone’ | ||
| *i-tágay | ‘offer a drink, drink’ | ||
| *i-takéd | ‘bind, fasten tightly by tying’ | ||
| *i-takéd | ‘bind, tie up (as a person)’ | ||
| *i-tanem | ‘bury, plant’ | ||
| *i-taq(e)paw | ‘put something on top of something else’ | ||
| *i-tayáɁ | ‘place a bet’ | ||
| *itíp | ‘hard crust of rice that adheres to the bottom of the cooking pot’ | ||
| *i-tulúd | ‘push’ | ||
| *ituq | ‘puppy’ | ||
| *i-uliq | ‘take something home’ | ||
| *iut | ‘movement in coitus, sexual intercourse’ | ||
| *iwad | ‘move sideways’ | ||
| *iwas | ‘avoid, evade (as people one does not wish to be with)’ | ||
| *íwik | ‘squeal’ | ||
| *íwit | ‘rear part’ | ||
| *k<ar>ayká | ‘rake’ | ||
| *k<om>ayat | ‘climb vertically (as ladder, tree)’ | ||
| *k<um>ampi | ‘join, unite with in taking sides’ | ||
| *k<um>ezut | ‘pinch’ | ||
| *k<um>ubkub | ‘surround, hedge in, besiege’ | ||
| *ka- | ‘mate, partner, cohort’ | ||
| *ka- | ‘stative prefix marking high degree of some quality, extremely, superlative marker’ | ||
| *ka-apu-an | ‘descendants’ | ||
| *ka-asu | ‘canine companion’ | ||
| *kabá | ‘anxious, nervous’ | ||
| *kábag | ‘gas pains’ | ||
| *ka-bakaw-an | ‘mangrove swamp’ | ||
| *kabáŋ | ‘spotted, dappled’ | ||
| *kabatíti | ‘vine with gourd or cucumber-like fruit’; ‘Luffa sp. (probably)’ | ||
| *kabég | ‘large fruit bat’ | ||
| *kab(e)liŋ | ‘k.o. aromatic herb’; ‘Pogostemon cablin’ | ||
| *kab(e)lit | ‘touch lightly’ | ||
| *kab(e)lít | ‘touch someone lightly (as to get attention)’ | ||
| *kábig | ‘turn around (as a boat)’ | ||
| *kabíg-en | ‘turn around (as a boat)’ | ||
| *ka-bihaR-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kabit | ‘vine’; ‘Caesalpinia bonduc’ | ||
| *kabít | ‘lead, support (as a feeble person)’ | ||
| *kabkáb | ‘dig a hole, hollow something out’ | ||
| *ka-bukij-an | ‘area of forested mountains’ | ||
| *ka-bulan-an | ‘month of expected childbirth (?)’ | ||
| *ka-bulud-an | ‘mountainous area’ | ||
| *kabuR | ‘agitated (of water, as when fish swarm)’ | ||
| *kabuRaw | ‘k.o. wild lemon tree’; ‘Citrus hystrix (possibly)’ | ||
| *ka-dakel-án | ‘majority, largest part’ | ||
| *kadaŋ-kádaŋ | ‘stilts’ | ||
| *ka-daRát-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kadkad | ‘dig a hole’ | ||
| *ka-du-duhá | ‘soul, spirit of a living person’ | ||
| *kagkag | ‘dry something in the sun’ | ||
| *kagúd | ‘scrape, grate’ | ||
| *ka-hemay-an | ‘rice field’ | ||
| *ka-hili-an | ‘fellow villager’ | ||
| *ka-ísip | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ka-ísip-an | ‘thought, opinions’ | ||
| *kaka | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kalába | ‘honeycomb’ | ||
| *ka-lahúk | ‘ingredient in a mixture’ | ||
| *kalamansíq | ‘citrus tree with fruit like a lemon’ | ||
| *ka-laŋlaŋ | ‘eating partner, eat together’ | ||
| *kalantas | ‘Philippine cedar tree’; ‘Cedrela sp.’ | ||
| *kalatkat | ‘climb up (as a vine)’ | ||
| *kal(e)bit | ‘touch lightly, nudge, pull trigger’ | ||
| *kal(e)bit-en | ‘touch lightly, nudge, pull trigger’ | ||
| *kal(e)dít | ‘make an incision to draw blood’ | ||
| *kalít | ‘cheat, deceive’ | ||
| *kaluban | ‘sheath for bolo or knife’ | ||
| *kalug | ‘shake something (as an egg or coconut)’ | ||
| *kamaguŋ | ‘large forest tree with edible brown, hairy fruits’; ‘Diospyros discolor’ | ||
| *kamandag | ‘venom of a poisonous snake or insect’ | ||
| *kamaŋa | ‘k.o. useful stone’ | ||
| *kamansi | ‘seeded breadfruit tree’; ‘Artocarpus camansi’ | ||
| *kamansiq | ‘seeded breadfruit tree’; ‘Artocarpus camansi’ | ||
| *kamantigi | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Impatiens balsamina’ | ||
| *kam(e)qáw | ‘k.o. urn for storing food’ | ||
| *kamiá | ‘ginger plant with fragrant white flower’ | ||
| *kamkam-en | ‘appropriate to oneself illegally’ | ||
| *kampi | ‘defend’ | ||
| *kanadem | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Diospyros sp.’ | ||
| *kanap | ‘dark, obscure’ | ||
| *ka-ŋuhed-an | ‘young’ | ||
| *kaniá | ‘own, one’s own, self’ | ||
| *kanúmay | ‘k.o. ebony or persimmon tree with fruits that are pounded and used to stupefy fish’; ‘Diospyros spp’ | ||
| *ka-paŋpaŋ-an | ‘riverbank’ | ||
| *kapaq-kapaq | ‘grope, fumble about’ | ||
| *ka-pasuq-an | ‘affected by heat (?)’ | ||
| *kápaw | ‘come to the surface’ | ||
| *kapét | ‘hold onto, cling to’ | ||
| *kapét-en | ‘cling to’ | ||
| *kapus | ‘run out of supplies, lack something needed’ | ||
| *kapút | ‘touch or hold’ | ||
| *kápuy | ‘weakness, debility, feeble, unable to perform’ | ||
| *ka-qalejaw-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kaqiŋ | ‘k.o. large openwork basket’ | ||
| *kara | ‘tortoise shell (?)’ | ||
| *kaRadkad | ‘sound of grinding or grating’ | ||
| *kaRaskas | ‘rustling sound’ | ||
| *kaRat-en | ‘bitten’ | ||
| *karáy | ‘plastron, turtle shell’ | ||
| *kaRiskis | ‘scrape, scratch’ | ||
| *kaRitkit | ‘sound of grating, sound of rain pounding, etc.’ | ||
| *kaRuskus | ‘dull rustling sound’ | ||
| *ka-sabáy | ‘companion in some activity’ | ||
| *kasay | ‘weakness (as from hunger)’ | ||
| *ka-siam-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kasíli | ‘k.o. water bird, Oriental darter’; ‘Anhinga melanogaster’ | ||
| *kaskás | ‘swift, fast, speedy’ | ||
| *kaskás-án | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *kata | ‘sound of rapid talking’ | ||
| *ka-talun-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *katana | ‘castor bean plant’; ‘Ricinus communis L.’ | ||
| *kataŋ | ‘k.o. crab’ | ||
| *kataŋ-kataŋ | ‘bob on the surface of the water, float’ | ||
| *káti | ‘domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl’ | ||
| *kátiq | ‘domestic fowl used as a decoy or lure to capture wild fowl’ | ||
| *ka-tuaŋ | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *katúday | ‘plant: Sesbania grandiflora’ | ||
| *katúk | ‘knock on the head, crazy, insane’ | ||
| *kawitan | ‘rooster, cock’ | ||
| *kawkaw | ‘dig a hole (as by scratching)’ | ||
| *káyas | ‘whittle, shave wood with knife’ | ||
| *kayasakas | ‘sound of swishing’ | ||
| *kayat | ‘climb vertically (as ladder, tree)’ | ||
| *kaykáy | ‘scratch up, sweep or rake up’ | ||
| *ka-yú | ‘2pl. personal pronoun, you all’ | ||
| *kebá | ‘for the chest to tighten in excitement or fear, for the heart to pound’ | ||
| *kebet | ‘subside (of a swelling)’ | ||
| *kebil | ‘touch’ | ||
| *kedked | ‘bind, tie tightly (probably of tying one thing which is moveable to another which is fixed)’ | ||
| *kelaqat | ‘sudden, abrupt, unexpected’ | ||
| *keleb | ‘shut, close’ | ||
| *keléb | ‘lie face down, lie prone’ | ||
| *keles | ‘subside, shrink, reduce in size’ | ||
| *kelkel | ‘cuddle, cradle (as a baby)’ | ||
| *kelkel | ‘have a fit of coughing’ | ||
| *keluŋ | ‘^shield’ | ||
| *kemet | ‘do with the hand’ | ||
| *ke(n)dem | ‘dark, darkness’ | ||
| *kepal | ‘thick (of objects)’ | ||
| *kepkép | ‘for the hair to lie down flat’ | ||
| *kepkep-an | ‘hug, embrace’ | ||
| *keraq | ‘cry of a monkey’ | ||
| *keRaw | ‘dry up’ | ||
| *ketél | ‘pinch off’ | ||
| *ketel-én | ‘pinched off’ | ||
| *kibkíb | ‘nibble or gnaw at’ | ||
| *kibul | ‘short-tailed, cropped (of the tail)’ | ||
| *kidas | ‘moving about rapidly or restlessly’ | ||
| *kiki | ‘tickle’ | ||
| *kilaw | ‘eat raw meat’ | ||
| *kilaw-en | ‘eat raw fish or meat’ | ||
| *kili-kíli | ‘armpit’ | ||
| *kililíŋ | ‘ringing of a bell’ | ||
| *kilíŋ | ‘k.o. bamboo’ | ||
| *kilíŋ | ‘ringing of a bell’ | ||
| *kilít | ‘carry at the side or on the hip, pressed under the arm’ | ||
| *kimat | ‘flash, sparkle, twinkle’ | ||
| *kimay | ‘deformation of the body’ | ||
| *kimit | ‘blink, wink, close the eye briefly’ | ||
| *kimkím | ‘pick at one’s food, show little interest in eating’ | ||
| *kisaw | ‘sound of swishing (as of hand passing through water)’ | ||
| *kisay | ‘tear a leaf or cloth into strips’ | ||
| *kis(e)láp | ‘sparkle, glitter’ | ||
| *kiskis-an | ‘cut the hair short’ | ||
| *kitáŋ | ‘long fishing line with many hooks, fish with such a line’ | ||
| *kiwal | ‘sinuous, winding’ | ||
| *kiwih | ‘twisted or crooked mouth’ | ||
| *kiwkiw | ‘stir, mix in’ | ||
| *kiwkiw-en | ‘stir, mix in’ | ||
| *kubalan | ‘k.o. marine fish’ | ||
| *kub(e)las | ‘slip down, subside’ | ||
| *kub(e)li | ‘take cover, hide behind’ | ||
| *kubet-kubet | ‘wrinkled (of the skin, as from age)’ | ||
| *kubkub | ‘dig’ | ||
| *kubkub | ‘surround, lay siege to’ | ||
| *kubkub-en | ‘surrounded, hedged in, besieged’ | ||
| *kubuŋ | ‘protective covering or enclosure, mosquito net’ | ||
| *kubuq | ‘hunchbacked, stoop-shouldered’ | ||
| *kubut | ‘keep a mistress (?)’ | ||
| *kubut | ‘wrinkled’ | ||
| *kudkud-én | ‘scratch, scrape off’ | ||
| *kudúg | ‘stamping of feet’ | ||
| *kulaŋut | ‘dried nasal mucus’ | ||
| *kulap | ‘dim, not well-lit’ | ||
| *kulasísi | ‘small parrot or parakeet kept as a pet’ | ||
| *kulili | ‘fire saw, tie a tool around the hand or some other fixture’ | ||
| *kuliliŋ | ‘ring (of a small bell)’ | ||
| *kulintas | ‘necklace’ | ||
| *kúlit | ‘peel sugarcane with the teeth’ | ||
| *kulitis | ‘native spinach, Amaranth’ | ||
| *kulut-én | ‘curl, make curly’ | ||
| *kumpáy | ‘k.o. grass’ | ||
| *kúñat | ‘tough, rubbery, elastic’ | ||
| *kunuq | ‘it is said, people say.....’ | ||
| *kúpaŋ | ‘k.o. tall tree’; ‘Parkia spp.’ | ||
| *kúpas | ‘fade’ | ||
| *kúpit | ‘pilfering, filching, stealing small amounts’ | ||
| *kupkup | ‘close-cropped (of hair), bald’ | ||
| *kupkup | ‘wrap, encircle (as with the arms or wings)’ | ||
| *kuretret | ‘wrinkle, wrinkled (as the skin)’ | ||
| *kurit | ‘line, mark’ | ||
| *kuskus-an | ‘scrape or scrub out, remove by scraping’ | ||
| *kuták | ‘cackle (of a hen)’ | ||
| *kutay | ‘k.o. citrus fruit, Philippine orange’ | ||
| *kútib | ‘move the lips rapidly (as in gnawing or nibbling on something)’ | ||
| *kutím | ‘nibble at, peel with the teeth’ | ||
| *kuykúy | ‘chigger or similar insect’ | ||
| *kuykúy | ‘scrape something off a surface so as to uncover it’ | ||
| *kúyug | ‘lead in walking, accompany’ | ||
| *l<in>ága | ‘woven, was woven by someone’ | ||
| *l<in>ugaw | ‘rice porridge’ | ||
| *l<um>ábas | ‘pass by’ | ||
| *l<um>ahúk | ‘mix in, mix together’ | ||
| *l<um>aja | ‘plait, weave by hand (of baskets or mats)’ | ||
| *l<um>ákaj | ‘step, walk’ | ||
| *l<um>ápus | ‘go over and beyond’ | ||
| *l<um>uas | ‘leave on a trip, start a voyage’ | ||
| *l<um>uheq | ‘shed tears, weep’ | ||
| *l<um>uhúd | ‘kneel’ | ||
| *labag | ‘against, contrary to custom’ | ||
| *lábag | ‘bundle of thread or plant fibers’ | ||
| *labas | ‘pass by, overlook something when searching, pass by (of time)’ | ||
| *labas-an | ‘pass by, overlook’ | ||
| *labat | ‘fence’ | ||
| *labaw | ‘project above, stick up’ | ||
| *lab(e)náw | ‘thin (of liquids such as soup), dilute’ | ||
| *lab(e)nuR | ‘tree’; ‘Ficus sp.’ | ||
| *labid | ‘intertwine, braid (as strands to make rope)’ | ||
| *lábis | ‘exceed, excessive’ | ||
| *labit | ‘hook with fingers’ | ||
| *labuŋ | ‘abundant, growing profusely’ | ||
| *labus | ‘naked, undressed’ | ||
| *labut | ‘involvement, engagement, business’ | ||
| *labúyuq | ‘wild chicken, rooster’ | ||
| *ladlád | ‘spread out (as a net or clothes on the ground to dry)’ | ||
| *laglag | ‘fall (of leaves from a tree)’ | ||
| *lagu | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Myristica spp.’ | ||
| *lagúq | ‘flourish (of plants)’ | ||
| *lahuk-án | ‘mix something with something else’ | ||
| *lahús | ‘pass through or by something, esp. after stopping’ | ||
| *lakáj-an | ‘step on, walk on something (?)’ | ||
| *lakaj-en | ‘walk a certain distance (?)’ | ||
| *lakatán | ‘k.o. banana’ | ||
| *lak(e)táw | ‘jump over or across’ | ||
| *lakub | ‘enclosure, enclose’ | ||
| *lakun | ‘coil up’ | ||
| *laláŋ | ‘create’ | ||
| *lámak | ‘set out a lavish meal’ | ||
| *lamán | ‘pork, flesh of a pig’ | ||
| *lámaŋ | ‘only, just, but’ | ||
| *lamay | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Mallotus lackeyi Elm.’ | ||
| *lámay | ‘wake for the dead, night vigil’ | ||
| *lambanug | ‘fermented drink made from coconut juice, palm juice, etc.’ | ||
| *la(m)béj | ‘wrap or wind around something’ | ||
| *lambid | ‘cross over, wind around, embrace’ | ||
| *lambuŋ | ‘robe, long garment’ | ||
| *lamíg | ‘cold’ | ||
| *lampás | ‘go past, go beyond, excessive’ | ||
| *lamun | ‘eat voraciously, gulp down, swallow whole’ | ||
| *lamun-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *lamun-en | ‘eat voraciously, eat like an animal’ | ||
| *lamuq | ‘salt meat or fish for storing’ | ||
| *lanaŋ | ‘flow, of water’ | ||
| *lanaŋ-an | ‘place of flowing water’ | ||
| *lanay | ‘liquid, watery’ | ||
| *lanay | ‘weak, exhausted’ | ||
| *lanéb | ‘lard, fat, greasy scum on the surface of liquids’ | ||
| *lanés | ‘dried up, wilted (of plants)’ | ||
| *lanét | ‘dried up, wilted (of plants)’ | ||
| *laŋ | ‘only, just, merely’ | ||
| *laŋan | ‘absence, omission’ | ||
| *laŋeg | ‘rot, spoil, become rancid’ | ||
| *laŋlaŋ | ‘eat together as a group’ | ||
| *lantik | ‘graceful curve (of body)’ | ||
| *lánut | ‘abaca fiber, fiber-yielding plant, kind of tree with bark that yields a vine-like fiber’ | ||
| *lapat | ‘tight-fitting’ | ||
| *lap(e)des | ‘whip and leave welts’ | ||
| *lap(e)qut | ‘sticky, pasty’ | ||
| *lap(e)qút | ‘thick, sticky, pasty’ | ||
| *lapi | ‘fold over’ | ||
| *lapid | ‘braid, intertwine strands’ | ||
| *lapláp | ‘cut meat from the bone’ | ||
| *lapu | ‘overflow’ | ||
| *lapu | ‘scald food in hot water’ | ||
| *lapu | ‘start out, begin’ | ||
| *lapuŋ | ‘mildew, mildewed, moldy’ | ||
| *lápus | ‘go over and beyond’ | ||
| *laq(e)nab | ‘overflow, flood (of a river)’ | ||
| *laqús | ‘past one’s prime, outdated, obsolete’ | ||
| *lásaw | ‘thin (of liquids), watery’ | ||
| *latag | ‘spread out on ground’ | ||
| *laták | ‘crack, crevice’ | ||
| *latay | ‘lay down a walkway over muddy ground’ | ||
| *lawag | ‘hunt, search for something’ | ||
| *lawaqan | ‘k.o. hardwood tree’ | ||
| *láway | ‘saliva’ | ||
| *law(e)qay | ‘offensive to decency, immodest’ | ||
| *lawig | ‘long (of time), protracted’ | ||
| *lawit | ‘ritual for calling back the soul (?)’ | ||
| *layab | ‘flutter, flicker’ | ||
| *layas | ‘desert a place, flee’ | ||
| *layas | ‘overflow its banks (of a river), flood field (for planting)’ | ||
| *layláy | ‘wilt, wither, droop (as plants), dangling, hanging loosely’ | ||
| *láyug | ‘tall (of trees, especially coconut palms)’ | ||
| *layun | ‘continue, persist in something’ | ||
| *lebág | ‘swell (as a wound)’ | ||
| *lebék | ‘pound (rice, etc.) in a mortar’ | ||
| *lebeŋ | ‘pond, pool, lagoon’ | ||
| *ledem | ‘shaded, shadowy’ | ||
| *lekuq | ‘lie down, curl up (of animals)’ | ||
| *lenlen | ‘push aside’ | ||
| *lepad | ‘fly, flight’ | ||
| *lepaw | ‘surpass, exceed, overdo’ | ||
| *lesles | ‘lift up the clothes, roll up the pant legs (as when crossing shallow water)’ | ||
| *libák | ‘attack from concealment, criticize from a distance’ | ||
| *libat | ‘cross-eyed’ | ||
| *libeg | ‘murky, roiled (of water)’ | ||
| *lib(e)túŋ | ‘deep place in river, pool of water left when a stream dries up’ | ||
| *lig(e)pít | ‘fasten (as with a clip)’ | ||
| *lig(e)say | ‘slippery, slip’ | ||
| *lig(e)tas | ‘save, rescue’ | ||
| *likáw-en | ‘coil’ | ||
| *likáw-likáw | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *lik(e)taw | ‘jump over or across’ | ||
| *liklík | ‘go around the edge, take a detour’ | ||
| *likup | ‘scoop, scooping tool’ | ||
| *lílip | ‘hem’ | ||
| *lilit | ‘k.o. rattan’ | ||
| *liméd | ‘concealed, secret, deny, hide something’ | ||
| *limeŋ | ‘hidden behind something else’ | ||
| *limes | ‘drown’ | ||
| *lináb | ‘brilliant, sparkling’ | ||
| *linak | ‘calm, still, quiet’ | ||
| *linawa | ‘breath, breath soul’ | ||
| *liŋát | ‘look quickly here and there, look hastily in all directions’ | ||
| *liŋaw | ‘turn the head to look back’ | ||
| *liŋay | ‘turn the head to look back’ | ||
| *liŋ(e)sad | ‘low lying land’ | ||
| *liŋiq | ‘turn one’s head to the side to look back’ | ||
| *liŋkep | ‘close up, shut (as a door)’ | ||
| *línis | ‘clean’ | ||
| *linis-en | ‘clean’ | ||
| *lipat | ‘forget’ | ||
| *lipat-en | ‘forget, forgotten’ | ||
| *lipay | ‘k.o. vine that causes swelling and itching’ | ||
| *lípay | ‘joyful, happy’ | ||
| *lipéd | ‘hide, conceal something’ | ||
| *lipeŋ | ‘feel light-headed, faint, lose consciousness momentarily’ | ||
| *lipuk | ‘snap, break off’ | ||
| *liput | ‘treachery, betrayal’ | ||
| *liq(e)beR | ‘murkiness, turbidity (of water that has been stirred up)’ | ||
| *liqed | ‘footprints, tracks’ | ||
| *liqekep | ‘shut, close’ | ||
| *lised | ‘poor, needy’ | ||
| *lislís | ‘roll up sleeves or pant legs’ | ||
| *litas | ‘tear, rip (as cloth)’ | ||
| *lítid | ‘tendon, ligament, prominent veins’ | ||
| *lituk | ‘bend, curve’ | ||
| *lituk | ‘flick with the finger’ | ||
| *liwag | ‘put off, delay, postpone, break one’s promise’ | ||
| *líwan | ‘outside’ | ||
| *luá | ‘interjection used to halt a carabao in the fields’ | ||
| *luaŋ | ‘wide open space’ | ||
| *luas | ‘remove the clothes, undress’ | ||
| *luás | ‘take a trip, commence a voyage’ | ||
| *lubaŋ | ‘mortar or gin for crushing plant material’ | ||
| *lubaŋ | ‘plant root crops, plant cuttings’ | ||
| *lubay | ‘ear-ring’ | ||
| *lúbid | ‘string, rope, cordage made by twining fibers’ | ||
| *lubid-en | ‘twist fibers into twine’ | ||
| *lublúb | ‘tinder, start a fire’ | ||
| *lubús | ‘completely, the end’ | ||
| *lubut | ‘hole, make a hole in, perforate’ | ||
| *ludeg | ‘wrestle, seize and throw a person to the ground’ | ||
| *ludlud | ‘scrub hard to remove dirt’ | ||
| *ludlud | ‘worsen, deteriorate (as a condition)’ | ||
| *lúgaw | ‘rice porridge’ | ||
| ̈*lugaw-en | ‘make into gruel, rice porridge’ | ||
| *lug(e)múk | ‘fall in a heap (of a person whose legs collapse)’ | ||
| *luges | ‘force upon, oppress’ | ||
| *luh(e)naw | ‘green (as vegetation)’ | ||
| *luheq-an | ‘cry about something’ | ||
| *luhúd | ‘act of kneeling’ | ||
| *lukag | ‘wake up early, early in rising’ | ||
| *lukat | ‘uproot, expose by uncovering’ | ||
| *luk(e)bán | ‘citrus fruit, pomelo’ | ||
| *luk(e)saq | ‘in mourning’ | ||
| *luk(e)súh | ‘jump, leap across’ | ||
| *luk(e)tún | ‘young locust’ | ||
| *lukluk | ‘hide, stay in a tight or hidden place’ | ||
| *luktun | ‘young wingless locust’ | ||
| *lukúb | ‘encircle, surround’ | ||
| *lukut | ‘small stingless bee’ | ||
| *lúmaq | ‘old, worn out’ | ||
| *lumay | ‘love charm, aphrodisiac’ | ||
| *lumay-en | ‘give a love potion to someone’ | ||
| *lumun | ‘live with someone as a free guest’ | ||
| *lumúy | ‘soft, smooth’ | ||
| *lunag | ‘melt (as lard)’ | ||
| *lunday | ‘canoe, small boat’ | ||
| *lunek | ‘solid residue left after squeezing to remove coconut oil, etc.’ | ||
| *luŋáluŋ | ‘shelter, temporary hut’ | ||
| *luŋ(e)búy | ‘tree and its fruit, Java plum’; ‘Syzygium cumini’ | ||
| *lunlún | ‘sweep aside, clean by throwing aside’ | ||
| *lunlún-en | ‘sweep aside, clean by throwing aside’ | ||
| *lunsan | ‘coup-de-grace, fatal blow’ | ||
| *lunu | ‘unconscious’ | ||
| *lúnud | ‘sink’ | ||
| *lúnus | ‘become soft or overripe (as fruits that are kept too long)’ | ||
| *lunuy | ‘wade through waist-deep water’ | ||
| *lupasáy | ‘in a resting position’ | ||
| *lupaypáy | ‘droopy, languid’ | ||
| *lupes | ‘infertile rice grain, husk without grain inside’ | ||
| *lupiŋ | ‘nick or dent on the cutting edge of a blade’ | ||
| *lupíŋ | ‘droopy-eared (as dogs)’ | ||
| *lupis | ‘outer layer of abaca plant’ | ||
| *luq(e)kip | ‘insert between, slip in’ | ||
| *luq(e)nit | ‘healed (of a wound with shiny skin)’ | ||
| *luqúb | ‘inside area, estuary’ | ||
| *lusa | ‘overcooked until mushy (as rice or vegetables)’ | ||
| *lusak | ‘muddy (as ground)’ | ||
| *lusiq | ‘prepuce, foreskin, pull back the prepuce’ | ||
| *lusiq-en | ‘pull back the foreskin’ | ||
| *lusút | ‘slip through, pass through’ | ||
| *lútab | ‘foam, spume, froth’ | ||
| *lutáq | ‘mud, ground, earth’ | ||
| *lutek | ‘mud’ | ||
| *lutuy | ‘tired, weak, exhausted’ | ||
| *luya | ‘blame, accuse’ | ||
| *luylúy | ‘flabby’ | ||
| *ma-adayuq | ‘far, far away, far off, distant’ | ||
| *ma-anad | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-anay | ‘termite-infested’ | ||
| *ma-ba-bahi | ‘court girls, womanize’ | ||
| *ma-baŋ(e)luh | ‘fragrant, sweet-smelling’ | ||
| *ma-baRat | ‘met (?)’ | ||
| *ma-bihaR | ‘live, alive, captive’ | ||
| *ma-bilaŋ | ‘reckon, calculate, count’ | ||
| *ma-bílin | ‘separated, left behind’ | ||
| *ma-buál | ‘uprooted (of a tree)’ | ||
| *ma-bukbuk | ‘infested with wood-boring insects’ | ||
| *ma-buku | ‘knotty, full of knots or nodes’ | ||
| *ma-bulbul | ‘hairy’ | ||
| *ma-buntís | ‘pregnant’ | ||
| *ma-buqeni | ‘have ringworm’ | ||
| *ma-dabuk | ‘crumbly, friable’ | ||
| *ma-dakél | ‘many’ | ||
| *ma-dapílus | ‘skidding, stumbling, losing balance’ | ||
| *ma-dawat | ‘get, obtain’ | ||
| *ma-deket | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-diklém | ‘dark, obscure, cloudy’ | ||
| *ma-gálaŋ | ‘respectful, polite’ | ||
| *mag-námit | ‘taste something, savor something’ | ||
| *ma-haŋin | ‘windy’ | ||
| *ma-haq(e)muq | ‘tame, docile’ | ||
| *ma-hedám | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-hinuR | ‘ripen’ | ||
| *ma-intek | ‘small’ | ||
| *ma-ísip | ‘wise, thoughtful’ | ||
| *maka-alap | ‘able to fetch, get, take, reach’ | ||
| *maka-buta | ‘become blind’ | ||
| *maka-deŋeR | ‘able to hear’ | ||
| *maka-esa | ‘once’ | ||
| *ma-kahiw | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *maka-kaen | ‘edible, able to be eaten, able to eat’ | ||
| *ma-kápuy | ‘weak, feeble, unable to perform’ | ||
| *maka-Rusuk | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *maka-tawa | ‘laugh’ | ||
| *maka-tuduR | ‘able to sleep’ | ||
| *maka-uliq | ‘able to return’ | ||
| ̈*maki- | ‘social prefix, indicating action together with another’ | ||
| *maki-deŋeR | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *maki-kaen | ‘eat together, join others in eating’ | ||
| *makúpa | ‘mountain apple’; ‘Eugenia spp.’ | ||
| *ma-laguq | ‘luxuriant, flourishing (of plants)’ | ||
| *ma-lemes | ‘drowned’ | ||
| *ma-liqeb(e)R | ‘murky, turbid (of water that has been stirred up)’ | ||
| *ma-lúnud | ‘sink, submerge, capsize’ | ||
| *ma-masiŋ | ‘catch by the legs’ | ||
| *man | ‘particle expressing solidarity, concession, qualification, or emphasis’ | ||
| *ma-nákem | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-ñamsám | ‘seize, take by force’ | ||
| *ma-ñañam | ‘tasty, savory’ | ||
| *man-depa | ‘measure in fathoms’ | ||
| *ma-nebaR | ‘answer (as in answering a question)’ | ||
| *maŋa-apu | ‘ancestors’ | ||
| *maŋaRat | ‘k.o. fish: snapper sp.’ | ||
| *ma-ŋayat | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *maŋ-bihaR | ‘make alive, give life to’ | ||
| *maŋ-bítay | ‘hang someone’ | ||
| *maŋ-bujas | ‘pluck (as fruit)’ | ||
| *maŋ-bunut | ‘remove coconut husk, scrub with coconut husk’ | ||
| *maŋ-hedam | ‘borrow’ | ||
| *maŋ-hilap | ‘cut or slice meat’ | ||
| *maŋ-qidus | ‘spoon or ladle up’ | ||
| *maŋ-quay | ‘gather rattan’ | ||
| *maŋ-qunej | ‘pack in tightly (?)’ | ||
| *ma-ŋuhed | ‘young, immature (primarily of plants)’ | ||
| *ma-ñiluʔ | ‘scoop up with a net, catch with snare’ | ||
| *manuk-en | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-nuRaŋ | ‘affinal relative, probably son-in-law and daughter-in-law’ | ||
| *ma-parek | ‘murky, full of sediment’ | ||
| *mapa-salaq | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *ma-pásuq | ‘scorched, scalded’ | ||
| *mapa-susu | ‘breastfeed, give the breast to a young child’ | ||
| *ma-pudpud | ‘worn out, worn down (as by overuse)’ | ||
| *ma-púyat | ‘sleepy’ | ||
| *ma-qábut | ‘within reach (?)’ | ||
| *ma-qinit | ‘hot, warm’ | ||
| *ma-qujiŋ | ‘sooty-colored’ | ||
| *ma-qunej | ‘pithy, central’ | ||
| *ma-quzan-an | ‘get drenched by the rain’ | ||
| *ma-Rabi-an | ‘overcome by darkness, benighted’ | ||
| *maR-baseq | ‘wash (as clothes)’ | ||
| *maR-besuR | ‘satiated, full from eating’ | ||
| *maR-bilín | ‘order, leave a message’ | ||
| *maR-búlig | ‘help someone carry a load’ | ||
| *maR-búlus | ‘flow’ | ||
| *maR-buRaw | ‘drive off, chase away, expel’ | ||
| *maR-daŋdaŋ | ‘expose to fire’ | ||
| *maR-depa | ‘extend both arms sideways’ | ||
| *ma-Rebaq | ‘destroyed, demolished’ | ||
| *maR-habél | ‘weave, weaving’ | ||
| *maR-hebás | ‘evaporate, cause to dry up’ | ||
| *maR-hideRáq | ‘lie down’ | ||
| *maR-hubád | ‘untie, unravel’ | ||
| *maR-huluR | ‘lower’ | ||
| *maR-huRas | ‘wash, cleanse’ | ||
| *maR-kaen | ‘eat’ | ||
| *maR-lákaj | ‘step, walk’ | ||
| *maR-qapuR | ‘prepare betel chew with lime’ | ||
| *maR-qasúd | ‘pound rice in tandem’ | ||
| *maR-qeti | ‘lower (of water level)’ | ||
| *maR-síkad | ‘kick’ | ||
| *maR-uliq | ‘return, go back’ | ||
| *maruŋgay | ‘horseradish tree’; ‘Moringa oleifera’ | ||
| *ma-salugsug-án | ‘get a splinter in the skin’ | ||
| *ma-selaR | ‘big, gross, coarse’ | ||
| *ma-siwáŋ | ‘opened, having a gap or opening’ | ||
| *mata-an | ‘big-eyed’ | ||
| *mata-án | ‘k.o. marine fish with large eyes’ | ||
| *mata-en | ‘observe closely or critically’ | ||
| *ma-tagtág | ‘shaken (as from having a rough ride in transport)’ | ||
| *ma-tanda-an | ‘remember, recall’ | ||
| *ma-tau | ‘crowded with people’ | ||
| *ma-tenek | ‘thorny, prickly’ | ||
| *ma-tuqelaŋ | ‘bony’ | ||
| *ma-uñat | ‘stretched, straightened’ | ||
| *máya | ‘rice bird, small bird found in rice fields’ | ||
| *ma-yegyeg | ‘shake, get shaken’ | ||
| *mikmik | ‘morsel, bit (as of food)’ | ||
| *mímis | ‘type of rice’ | ||
| *minsan | ‘at one time’ | ||
| *mudmúd | ‘press down hard on something’ | ||
| *muhmuh | ‘crumbs of food, esp. rice’ | ||
| *mulmúl | ‘parrot fish’; ‘Scarus spp.’ | ||
| *nákem | ‘will, intellect, reasoning, intention, mental presence, mind’ | ||
| *ñamuk-en | ‘caught in a mosquito swarm, overwhelmed by mosquitos’ | ||
| *nana | ‘term of address for older female relative’ | ||
| *nanaw | ‘look over a wide area, search for something with the eyes while standing in place’ | ||
| *na-penuq | ‘filled’ | ||
| *na-pílay | ‘was lame’ | ||
| *na-sakit | ‘was hurt or sick’ | ||
| *n-aten | ‘ours’ | ||
| *nau | ‘teach to show someone how to do something’ | ||
| *nawnáw | ‘dissolve something in water, swish around in water’ | ||
| *ŋajes | ‘gums’ | ||
| *ŋalŋál | ‘cry out, bellow, moan’ | ||
| *ŋani | ‘indeed, interjection expressing validity to an interlocutor’ | ||
| *ŋaniq | ‘even’ | ||
| *ŋaqŋaq | ‘chew betel’ | ||
| *ŋarab | ‘blade, cutting edge of knife, etc.’ | ||
| *ŋatu | ‘above, on top’ | ||
| *ŋina | ‘price, worth, cost’ | ||
| *ŋisŋis | ‘high-pitched vocalization’ | ||
| *ŋitŋit | ‘pitch black (as a moonless night)’ | ||
| *ŋuhed | ‘young, immature (primarily of plants)’ | ||
| *ŋusŋús | ‘grate, scour, rub hard on something’ | ||
| *ŋutŋut-en | ‘chew or gnaw on something’ | ||
| *ŋuyŋuy | ‘whine, whimper (as a child)’ | ||
| *nisnís | ‘wipe, rub, scrub’ | ||
| *nisnis-an | ‘wipe away, wipe off’ | ||
| *p<al>akpak | ‘clap’ | ||
| *p<al>ikpik | ‘fin of a fish’ | ||
| *p<aR>ukpuk | ‘sound of knocking or bubbling’ | ||
| *p<aR>utput | ‘gaseous defecation’ | ||
| *p<in>usej | ‘k.o. weaving pattern for basketry’ | ||
| *pa-bahaw-en | ‘let food or hot water cool off’ | ||
| *pa-betu | ‘make an exploding sound’ | ||
| *pa-bulud | ‘lend’ | ||
| *padpád | ‘cast adrift, cast ashore after going adrift’ | ||
| *paen-an | ‘bait a trap, set the bait for’ | ||
| *pagas | ‘hoarse, husky (of the voice)’ | ||
| *pag(e)qúŋ | ‘land turtle’ | ||
| *pagpág | ‘brush or shake off dust or dirt’ | ||
| *pa-hedam-en | ‘lent to’ | ||
| *pakáw | ‘bow-legged’ | ||
| *pala | ‘temporary shed’ | ||
| *pa-labas-en | ‘let something pass by’ | ||
| *palis | ‘animal sacrifice’ | ||
| *palit | ‘exchange’ | ||
| *palpál | ‘hit, beat with hand or club in order to kill’ | ||
| *palpál | ‘tethering stake, drive a stake into the ground’ | ||
| *palú | ‘k.o. fish or eel’ | ||
| *paluŋ | ‘wave at sea, sea swell’ | ||
| *páluŋ | ‘cockscomb, cut off a cock’s comb’ | ||
| *pa-matá | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *pampám | ‘prostitute’ | ||
| *panduŋ | ‘head covering’ | ||
| *paŋ | ‘descendants (?)’ | ||
| *paŋah | ‘jaw, jawbone’ | ||
| *paŋánay | ‘first-born child, eldest child’ | ||
| *paŋ-añud | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *paŋ-asu | ‘what is hunted (?)’ | ||
| *pa-ŋátiq | ‘domestic chicken used as a decoy to attract a wild fowl into a trap’ | ||
| *paŋ-búŋa | ‘produce fruit, produce results’ | ||
| *paŋel | ‘stupid, unthinking’ | ||
| *paŋeR | ‘stupid, unthinking’ | ||
| *paŋ-qanup | ‘hunting dog’ | ||
| *paŋ-qasawa | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *paŋ-qasin-an | ‘place where salt is found, salt beds’ | ||
| *paŋ-quay | ‘rattan gatherer’ | ||
| *pa-nípit | ‘tongs, pincers’ | ||
| *pantaR | ‘coarse sand, gravel’ | ||
| *pantuk | ‘peak, summit’ | ||
| *panuqus | ‘stench, sour smell’ | ||
| *papag | ‘bamboo platform, shelf’ | ||
| *pa-pudpud-en | ‘wear something down (?)’ | ||
| *paq(e)liŋ | ‘visible defect of the eyes’ | ||
| *paqit-an | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Lunasia amara’ | ||
| *parásan | ‘k.o. rattan’ | ||
| *paR(e)bu | ‘one of the four principal rafters’ | ||
| *parek | ‘murky (as water or other liquid)’ | ||
| *paR-lima-en | ‘divide into five’ | ||
| *paR-piliq | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *pa-siduŋ-en | ‘give shelter to’ | ||
| *pa-sikat | ‘show off’ | ||
| *paspás | ‘do something quickly, do something in a hurry’ | ||
| *paspas-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *paspas-an | ‘speed up, increase the pace of something’ | ||
| *pásuq | ‘roast, broil, scald, sear, burn’ | ||
| *pasúq-en | ‘roast, singe, cauterize’ | ||
| *patániq | ‘lima bean’; ‘Phaseolus lunatus’ | ||
| *patáw | ‘buoy’ | ||
| *patí | ‘also, including’ | ||
| *patpát-en | ‘cut, slash (as in clearing land)’ | ||
| *pa-tubuq | ‘let something grow, make something grow’ | ||
| *pawíkan | ‘sea turtle’ | ||
| *payapay | ‘wave, flap’ | ||
| *paypáy | ‘wave the hand (as in beckoning someone or in fanning oneself)’ | ||
| *pegpeg | ‘tremble (as with chills)’ | ||
| *pekel | ‘squeeze, press together’ | ||
| *perper | ‘complete an activity, see through to completion’ | ||
| *peRsa | ‘boil, abscess’ | ||
| *petpet | ‘piece of something that has been cut’ | ||
| *piaŋa | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Ganua obovatifolia.(Merr.), Sapotaceae’ | ||
| *pidek | ‘eyelash’ | ||
| *pidut | ‘pinch, hold between the fingers’ | ||
| *piet | ‘narrow, tight’ | ||
| *piki | ‘k.o. cloth’ | ||
| *pikuq | ‘k.o. children’s game’ | ||
| *píkut | ‘forced marriage, force into marriage’ | ||
| *píla | ‘clay’ | ||
| *piláy-en | ‘cripple, disable someone’ | ||
| *pílit | ‘insist, force, compel someone to do something’ | ||
| *pilit-en | ‘force someone to do something’ | ||
| *piŋkíq | ‘strike two hard objects together to produce a spark’ | ||
| *pinsan | ‘first cousin’ | ||
| *pintás | ‘curse, hex, bewitch, criticize, find fault with’ | ||
| *pintuq | ‘loft in house where unmarried girls reside’ | ||
| *piqpiq | ‘wash clothes by pounding on river rocks’ | ||
| *piRaq | ‘squeeze out juice, wring out water’ | ||
| *pisak | ‘muddy’ | ||
| *pisel-en | ‘squeeze or press with the hand’ | ||
| *pis(e)ŋí | ‘cheeks’ | ||
| *pitek | ‘mud’ | ||
| *pudaw | ‘whitish, grayish’ | ||
| *pudpud | ‘worn out by overuse, broken, blunt’ | ||
| *puéj | ‘part of the lower body’ | ||
| *pugad | ‘nest (as of a bird)’ | ||
| *pugad-an | ‘nest, nesting place’ | ||
| *pug(e)rút | ‘destitute, without means of support’ | ||
| *pugiq | ‘start the weaving of cloth’ | ||
| *pugus | ‘short-haired’ | ||
| *pugut-an | ‘behead, decapitate’ | ||
| *pujuq | ‘island’ | ||
| *púkan | ‘fell a tree, cut down bamboo’ | ||
| *pukán-en | ‘fell a tree, cut down bamboo’ | ||
| *pukul | ‘maimed, lacking a hand, arm or leg’ | ||
| *pulád | ‘feather vane on an arrow’ | ||
| *pulaw | ‘stay awake all night (as in a vigil for the dead)’ | ||
| *puli | ‘replacement’ | ||
| *pulí | ‘inherited characteristic, bloodline’ | ||
| *pulih-an | ‘replace someone, fill a vacancy’ | ||
| *pulij | ‘fall and continue rolling downhill’ | ||
| *pulin | ‘roll down or over something’ | ||
| *puŋan | ‘rest the head against something, pillow’ | ||
| *puŋus | ‘wrap, tie up or tie together’ | ||
| *punit | ‘tear, small hole, or rip’ | ||
| *pusek | ‘enter, insert’ | ||
| *pus(e)lít | ‘slip through or out, get away’ | ||
| *pus(e)qun | ‘hypogastrium, abdomen below the navel’ | ||
| *pus(e)quŋ | ‘hypogastrium, abdomen below the navel’ | ||
| *pusiŋ | ‘wean a baby from breast-feeding’ | ||
| *pusít | ‘squid’ | ||
| *putik | ‘mud’ | ||
| *putud | ‘snap, break off’ | ||
| *púyat | ‘insomnia, sleeplessness’ | ||
| *puyat-en | ‘keep someone awake, not let them sleep’ | ||
| *puyud | ‘wear the hair in a bun or topknot’ | ||
| *q<um>-ábut | ‘reach, attain’ | ||
| *qa | ‘particle expressing confirmation: indeed’ | ||
| *qabqab | ‘eat or drink voraciously (derogatory)’ | ||
| *qábut | ‘reach, overtake, catch up with’ | ||
| *qábut-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *qábut-en | ‘reach, catch up with’ | ||
| *qadipen | ‘slave’ | ||
| *qalejaw-an | ‘place in the sun’ | ||
| *qaliaw | ‘startled or frightened (as by violent action)’ | ||
| *qalibun | ‘k.o. plant with medicinal value’; ‘Blumea spp. (probably)’ | ||
| *qalibuŋbuŋ | ‘encircle, surround something’ | ||
| *qali-pugpug | ‘whirlwind’ | ||
| *qali-puRut | ‘whirlwind, dust devil’ | ||
| *qalís | ‘change place or activity’ | ||
| *qalis-an | ‘change place or activity’ | ||
| *qambiday | ‘carry slung over the shoulder’ | ||
| *qambijay | ‘carry slung over the shoulder’ | ||
| *qamihan-an | ‘north, rainy season’ | ||
| *qaŋ(e)su | ‘stench of urine’ | ||
| *qaŋ(e)téj | ‘stench (as of burning hair)’ | ||
| *qanih-en | ‘harvest, reap’ | ||
| *qaninaw | ‘shadow, indistinct image’ | ||
| *qanitu-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *qañud-an | ‘adrift’ | ||
| *qaRaw-en | ‘snatched away, taken away by force’ | ||
| *qaRutay | ‘plant in the banana family’; ‘Musa textilis (possibly)’ | ||
| *qasawa-en | ‘married, person married’ | ||
| *qasúd | ‘pound rice in tandem’ | ||
| *qasud-án | ‘pound together, place of pounding together’ | ||
| *qatipulu | ‘breadfruit’; ‘Artocarpus spp.’ | ||
| *qebqeb | ‘sit on eggs (of a hen)’ | ||
| *qelad | ‘sheet, flat, wide object’ | ||
| *qemel | ‘squeeze into a ball’ | ||
| *qeŋqeŋ | ‘whining sound’ | ||
| *qepés | ‘deflated, shrunken’ | ||
| *qiduq | ‘dog’ | ||
| *qiluh-án | ‘anus (?)’ | ||
| *qímun | ‘sexual jealousy, suspicion’ | ||
| *qinit-en | ‘heated or warmed by’ | ||
| *qiR(e)pit | ‘pinch between two surfaces, clip’ | ||
| *quhay | ‘rice panicle’ | ||
| *quhut | ‘sheaf to which rice grains are attached’ | ||
| *qujiŋ-en | ‘anything used to make charcoal’ | ||
| *qunej-en | ‘pithy, central’ | ||
| *quRis | ‘white’ | ||
| *qutuR | ‘erect (of the penis)’ | ||
| *quyag | ‘living, alive’ | ||
| *R<in>abiqi | ‘every night, happening every night’ | ||
| *R<um>abiqi | ‘become night, turn into night’ | ||
| *Rabat | ‘driftwood, flotsam’ | ||
| *rab(e)nút | ‘grab and pull’ | ||
| *rab(e)nut-en | ‘grab and pull’ | ||
| *Rabi-en | ‘taking place at night’ | ||
| *rabuŋ | ‘bamboo shoots’ | ||
| *Rakéd | ‘hitch, tie two things together’ | ||
| *rakrak | ‘lap up water, like a dog, guzzle, drink insatiably’ | ||
| *rakrák | ‘smash, demolish, destroy’ | ||
| *rakrak-en | ‘smash, demolish, destroy’ | ||
| *ramas | ‘hand-to-hand combat’ | ||
| *rámas | ‘mix, stir together’ | ||
| *Rámit | ‘use’ | ||
| *Ramut | ‘charm used to control someone magically’ | ||
| *Raŋaw | ‘new shoot of vines or creepers’ | ||
| *Rapuq | ‘branches carried along and deposited by water’ | ||
| *RaRaŋ | ‘large marine mollusk’; ‘Turbo marmoratus’ | ||
| *RasRas | ‘rub vigorously, scour’ | ||
| *rawaŋ | ‘submarine cave (?)’ | ||
| *ráwis | ‘long slender point (as of land jutting into the sea)’ | ||
| *Rebaq-en | ‘destroy, demolish’ | ||
| *rebreb | ‘put under water, soak’ | ||
| *regrég | ‘crumbs dropped while eating’ | ||
| *reneb | ‘sink, soak into’ | ||
| *Retaq | ‘crack, cleft’ | ||
| *riak | ‘noisy’ | ||
| *ribuk | ‘noise, tumult, turmoil, confusion’ | ||
| *Riduq | ‘shake (as the ground in an earthquake)’ | ||
| *Rimukud | ‘soul’ | ||
| *rubaŋ | ‘plant cuttings or transplant seedlings’ | ||
| *Rukib | ‘cave’ | ||
| *Rumek | ‘crush, smash’ | ||
| *rúnut | ‘wear out through overuse (as fabric or a rope)’ | ||
| *ruru | ‘come together, assemble’ | ||
| *s<al>áysay | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *s<in>ipit | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *s<um>aŋ(e)lád | ‘run aground, beached’ | ||
| *s<um>aRap | ‘scoop up, skim from the surface’ | ||
| *s<um>aweqaq | ‘cloy, satiate, do something to excess and so lose interest’ | ||
| *s<um>eŋaw | ‘evaporate’ | ||
| *s<um>úbuq | ‘put something (as food) in the mouth’ | ||
| *s<um>ugud | ‘rush forward’ | ||
| *s<um>unúd | ‘obey’ | ||
| *sa | ‘that (indicating something close to the hearer)’ | ||
| *sabáliq | ‘except, other than, another, different’ | ||
| *sabaŋ | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Erythrina spp.’ | ||
| *sabat-en | ‘meet or greet someone who is arriving, or who one encounters by surprise’ | ||
| *sab(e)láy | ‘hang, drape over something’ | ||
| *sab(e)lék | ‘crave (as food one wants to eat)’ | ||
| *sabsab-én | ‘gobbled up, eaten voraciously’ | ||
| *sabuag | ‘scatter wildly’ | ||
| *sabuŋ | ‘flower, blossom of fruit tree’ | ||
| *sabunut | ‘pull by the hair, pull out hair’ | ||
| *sad(e)qaŋ | ‘hang (as something on a nail)’ | ||
| *sadsad | ‘trample, stomp on’ | ||
| *sagapsap | ‘fibrous and dry to the taste’ | ||
| *sagisí | ‘wild palm tree with fruit similar to areca nut’; ‘Heterospathe elata’ | ||
| *sagitsit | ‘hiss, sizzle’ | ||
| *sagsag-en | ‘break up into small pieces’ | ||
| *sagút | ‘answer (a call, a question), assume responsibility for, answerable for’ | ||
| *sahuq | ‘words, speech (?)’ | ||
| *sahuR | ‘mix, mixture’ | ||
| *saiŋ | ‘stand or be placed near to someone or something’ | ||
| *sajab | ‘singe, burn slightly’ | ||
| *saka | ‘climb, go up’ | ||
| *saká | ‘and, also’ | ||
| *sáka | ‘leg of a fowl (?)’ | ||
| *sakáqaŋ | ‘walk or stand with legs wide apart’ | ||
| *sakeb | ‘lie face down, prone’ | ||
| *sakedú | ‘fetch water (for drinking)’ | ||
| *sakedu-en | ‘fetch water (for drinking)’ | ||
| *sakeláy | ‘carry something by shoulder strap’ | ||
| *sak(e)lút | ‘hold tightly, clutch to oneself’ | ||
| *sak(e)lut-en | ‘hold tightly, clutch to oneself’ | ||
| *sakém | ‘grasp, reach for, grasping, greedy’ | ||
| *sak(e)mál | ‘snatch with the mouth (as a dog seizing something in its mouth and running away with it)’ | ||
| *sak(e)níb | ‘overlapping, one on top of another’ | ||
| *sakmal-én | ‘snatched, seized suddenly’ | ||
| *saksák | ‘stuff, pack tightly’ | ||
| *sakúb | ‘lid, cover’ | ||
| *sakup | ‘jurisdiction, territory’ | ||
| *salakeb | ‘cover trap for fish or crustaceans’ | ||
| *salét | ‘insert between, intersperse’ | ||
| *saletán | ‘insert between, intersperse’ | ||
| *salét-salét | ‘alternate, interspersed’ | ||
| *salimbeŋ | ‘concealment, conceal’ | ||
| *saliŋsíŋ | ‘prune a tree, new growth from pruning’ | ||
| *salsál | ‘masturbate’ | ||
| *salsal-en | ‘masturbate’ | ||
| *salugsúg | ‘get a splinter or sliver under the skin or nail’ | ||
| *saluksuk | ‘insert, slip between’ | ||
| *saluksuk | ‘tool like chisel or trowel’ | ||
| *salúkub | ‘cover something to protect it or oneself’ | ||
| *salup | ‘measure by gantas’ | ||
| *salúp | ‘small basket, unit of measure for dry goods’ | ||
| *salúyut | ‘k.o. shrub, Jew’s mallow’; ‘Corchorus spp., fam. Malvaceae’ | ||
| *sambut | ‘rush, hurry’ | ||
| *sambut | ‘take advantage of a situation or opportunity, exploit an advantage’ | ||
| *sampaw | ‘waterfall’ | ||
| *samsám | ‘seize, take by force, snatch from another’s hands, pillage’ | ||
| *saŋa-anak | ‘litter, brood’ | ||
| *saŋ(e)lád | ‘run aground, beached (of a boat)’ | ||
| *saŋ(e)qát | ‘put something in a high place or reach a high place by climbing’ | ||
| *saŋi | ‘molar tooth (?)’ | ||
| *sa(ŋ)kab | ‘seize prey in the water (as a crocodile)’ | ||
| *saŋkap | ‘well-equippe, having what one needs to do live or do a job’ | ||
| *saŋsáŋ | ‘confront one another (as in a dispute)’ | ||
| *sáŋu | ‘scent (as an animal following prey)’ | ||
| *sanipa | ‘borderline, edge (as of roof or garment)’ | ||
| *santán | ‘k.o. flowering plant’; ‘Ixora spp.’ | ||
| *santik | ‘click or clink together (as stones in making fire)’ | ||
| *santik-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *sapád | ‘detach a hand, or bunch of bananas from the stalk’ | ||
| *sápad | ‘hand of bananas’ | ||
| *sapád-en | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *sapal | ‘able to cope, able to handle things’ | ||
| *sapaq-en | ‘spit out chewed betel quid’ | ||
| *sapat | ‘put above’ | ||
| *sapát | ‘sufficient, enough’ | ||
| *sap(e)nut | ‘viscous, thick (of liquids)’ | ||
| *sapín | ‘lining, insulation, padding, underlayer (as of clothing)’ | ||
| *sapsáp | ‘fish sp., slipmouth’; ‘Leiognathus sp.’ | ||
| *sapul | ‘begin, start at the beginning’ | ||
| *sapúpu | ‘hold in the lap (as a small child)’ | ||
| *sapuq | ‘allotment of meat after butchering an animal’ | ||
| *sapút | ‘spiderweb, cobwebs’ | ||
| *saqebit-án | ‘hook (as with a fishhook)’ | ||
| *saq(e)gid | ‘touch or brush against’ | ||
| *saq(e)ŋit | ‘snag, snagged, caught in something that prevents it from falling’ | ||
| *sárab | ‘singe, blacken the surface with fire’ | ||
| *saRap | ‘scoop up, skim from the surface’ | ||
| *sarebséb | ‘marshy ground’ | ||
| *saR(e)ked | ‘block passage, oppose movement, come to a temporary stop’ | ||
| *sáRep | ‘catch fish by damming a stream’ | ||
| *saR(e)qeb | ‘fetch water’ | ||
| *sarijsij | ‘approach or strike from the side or at an oblique angle’ | ||
| *saru | ‘facing, face-to-face’ | ||
| *sárut | ‘waste away from illness’ | ||
| *saud | ‘prepare the warp threads in weaving’ | ||
| *sauŋ | ‘canine tooth, tusk (as of wild boar)’ | ||
| *saway | ‘in excess, overabundant, surplus’ | ||
| *sawsáw | ‘dip in liquid’ | ||
| *sayáŋ-en | ‘waste an opportunity’ | ||
| *sáysay | ‘narrate (as in telling a story)’ | ||
| *sebaŋ | ‘rise (of the sun, moon or stars)’ | ||
| *sebseb | ‘fall forward’ | ||
| *sedaq | ‘fish, accompaniment to rice’ | ||
| *sedsed | ‘crowded, compact’ | ||
| *sedsed | ‘feel with the feet (as in finding clams under the sand)’ | ||
| *seki | ‘foot, leg’ | ||
| *selaŋ | ‘jaw, jawbone (?)’ | ||
| *selaR | ‘big, gross, coarse’ | ||
| *sel(e)daŋ | ‘brightness, shine’ | ||
| *seleR | ‘flowing water, current’ | ||
| *sená | ‘just, merely, only, usual’ | ||
| *seŋaw-án | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *seŋet-seŋet | ‘throb with pain or exhaustion’ | ||
| *sensén | ‘press together, make compact (as the threads or leaves in weaving)’ | ||
| *sepal | ‘chew (of animals?)’ | ||
| *sepet | ‘inner pulp or young leaves’ | ||
| *seReb | ‘burn, singe’ | ||
| *siám | ‘nine’ | ||
| *sibáq | ‘gluttony, uncontrolled appetite’ | ||
| *sibay | ‘extension to a house (?)’ | ||
| *sibít | ‘hook, thorn’ | ||
| *sibukaw | ‘sappan tree’; ‘Caesalpinia sappan L.’ | ||
| *sidáq | ‘protein side-dish eaten with rice (typically fish)’ | ||
| *sigáŋ | ‘fish stew’ | ||
| *sig(e)pít | ‘clip on’ | ||
| *sigúk | ‘choke, sob’ | ||
| *síkad | ‘push with the feet, press feet against, set feet firmly to prevent being moved’ | ||
| *sikád-an | ‘press feet against’ | ||
| *sikap | ‘cunning, spy on, examine’ | ||
| *sikát | ‘sunrise, rising sun, show off, ostentatious, parade one’s talents, parade one’s possessions, etc.’ | ||
| *sikí | ‘foot, leg’ | ||
| *sikil | ‘contend with others, compete for something’ | ||
| *silaR | ‘k.o. palm’; ‘Corypha spp.’ | ||
| *sil(e)qáb | ‘burn, expose to fire’ | ||
| *sili-sili | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Solanum spp.’ | ||
| *siluŋ | ‘shelter, space under something’ | ||
| *siluŋ-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *síluq | ‘noose, snare, net’ | ||
| *siluʔ-en | ‘catch with a net, scoop up’ | ||
| *símaq | ‘barb of a hook’ | ||
| *simaq-an | ‘barbed, having a barb’ | ||
| *simsím | ‘nibble at’ | ||
| *simut | ‘take all that remains’ | ||
| *sindul | ‘bump into lightly’ | ||
| *sin(e)qek | ‘hiccup, produce a sound in the throat’ | ||
| *siŋal | ‘wedge’ | ||
| *siŋaw | ‘vapor, leaking air, fumes’ | ||
| *siŋgít | ‘shine (of the sun)’ | ||
| *síŋin | ‘conjoined fruits, Siamese twins’ | ||
| *siŋiq | ‘take one piece of fruit from a bunch’ | ||
| *síŋit | ‘forking, bifurcation’ | ||
| *siŋkít | ‘slanted (of the eyes)’ | ||
| *sintík | ‘knock two things together with a clicking sound’ | ||
| *si-nu | ‘person whose name is unknown, avoided or cannot be remembered: who?’ | ||
| *sipag | ‘industrious, diligent’ | ||
| *sip(e)qun | ‘cold, nasal mucus, runny nose’ | ||
| *sipet | ‘consume totally, use up’ | ||
| *sípiŋ | ‘next to, in close proximity’ | ||
| *sipíq | ‘break off a component piece of something (as twigs or branches from a tree, a banana from a bunch, a section from a fruit, etc.)’ | ||
| *sipít-en | ‘pick up with tongs or pincers’ | ||
| *sipsíp | ‘cut grass or weeds (as in preparing a field for planting)’ | ||
| *siq(e)rip | ‘peep, spy on’ | ||
| *siq(e)rip-en | ‘peep, spy on’ | ||
| *siqid | ‘trap for mudfish’ | ||
| *sirap | ‘glance, look at quickly’ | ||
| *siraq | ‘non-staple food eaten with rice’ | ||
| *siR(e)pít | ‘clip used to fasten things together’ | ||
| *sirub | ‘singe, scorch’ | ||
| *suay | ‘quarrel, part company’ | ||
| *sub | ‘pass one another while going in different directions’ | ||
| *súbaq | ‘go upstream (ascend a river)’ | ||
| *sub(e)laR | ‘bypass, miss contact with another person’ | ||
| *sub(e)liq | ‘borrow, inherit’ | ||
| *subu | ‘boil (of water)’ | ||
| *subu | ‘share food with another’ | ||
| *subuk | ‘test, try, examine’ | ||
| *súbuq | ‘put something into or through an opening’ | ||
| *subuq-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *sudsud | ‘go against the current, oppose, go in the opposite direction’ | ||
| *sudsud | ‘tool for cutting with a forward digging motion’ | ||
| *sudsud-en | ‘oppose, go against’ | ||
| *sug(e)bu | ‘wade into water, bathe’ | ||
| *sugsúg | ‘provoke, annoy, irritate’ | ||
| *sugud | ‘rush forward, charge’ | ||
| *suháq | ‘k.o. fruit tree, pomelo’; ‘Citrus decumana’ | ||
| *suka | ‘vomit’ | ||
| *sukáy | ‘part the hair (as when searching for lice)’ | ||
| *sukay-án | ‘deloused’ | ||
| *suk(e)luban | ‘k.o. basket with cover’ | ||
| *suku | ‘surrender’ | ||
| *sukut | ‘collect a debt’ | ||
| *sulid | ‘string, twine, thread’ | ||
| *sulit | ‘substitute, replacement’ | ||
| *súlsul | ‘ignite, kindle, set fire to’ | ||
| *sulu | ‘fingernail, toenail, claw’ | ||
| *súman | ‘rice cake’ | ||
| *sumbuŋ | ‘accuse, inform on someone’ | ||
| *sumpuŋ | ‘whim, caprice, sudden change of mood, moodiness’ | ||
| *suŋáw | ‘evaporate (as vapor rising from the ground after rain)’ | ||
| *súŋay | ‘horn of an animal, butt or gore’ | ||
| *suŋet | ‘irritated, angry’ | ||
| *suŋit | ‘bite, bitten off (of food)’ | ||
| *suŋit | ‘hostile’ | ||
| *su(ŋ)kit-en | ‘pick (as fruit from a tree using a pole with a hook)’ | ||
| *suŋsuŋ | ‘sniff at close quarters (of animals)’ | ||
| *suŋu | ‘upper lip, snout, muzzle’ | ||
| *sunsun | ‘close together, compact’ | ||
| *suntúk | ‘punch’ | ||
| *sunúd | ‘next, follow in succession’ | ||
| *sunúd-sunúd | ‘one after the other, successive’ | ||
| *sunúg-en | ‘burn or set a fire under to smoke out’ | ||
| *súput | ‘pouch (?)’ | ||
| *suqag | ‘butt or gore with the horns’ | ||
| *suq(e)kip | ‘insert, tuck in’ | ||
| *suq(e)lút | ‘wear (as clothes), get dressed, slip into’ | ||
| *suquk | ‘enter’ | ||
| *suRud | ‘push’ | ||
| *súrut | ‘follow, obey, agree with’ | ||
| *sutsut | ‘hiss to get attention’ | ||
| *suysuy | ‘speak, say something, tell’ | ||
| *t<ag>aytay | ‘narrow bridge’ | ||
| *t<in>adtád | ‘dish made of chopped meat or vegetables’ | ||
| *t<in>elu | ‘made of three parts (as triple-strand rope)’ | ||
| *t<um>aneq | ‘go overland, hike’ | ||
| *t<um>elu | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *t<um>uduq | ‘drip, leak’ | ||
| *tabák | ‘sword or sword-like appendage’ | ||
| *tabayaR | ‘k.o. edible squash or gourd’; ‘Lagenaria leucantha’ | ||
| *tabtab-an | ‘cut, slash’ | ||
| *tabun | ‘k.o. bird that buries its eggs deep in the sand’ | ||
| *tabún-an | ‘cover with earth, dam up’ | ||
| *tabuR | ‘drive away, shoo off’ | ||
| *tadék | ‘dance’ | ||
| *tadtad-án | ‘chopping block, cutting board’ | ||
| *tadtad-én | ‘chopped up or minced’ | ||
| *taduŋ | ‘sun hat (used to provide shade)’ | ||
| *taga- | ‘prefix indicating place of origin (for ethnic groups)’ | ||
| *tagal(e)táw | ‘buoy, float’ | ||
| *tágay | ‘toast (in drinking), offer a toast’ | ||
| *tag(e)bák | ‘rotten, turned rancid or mildewed’ | ||
| *tag(e)búq | ‘meet, encounter, happen upon’ | ||
| *tagek | ‘sap of a tree’ | ||
| *tag(e)kés | ‘wrap around tightly’ | ||
| *tag(e)pás | ‘cut, chop’ | ||
| *tagiktik | ‘sound of ticking, sound of rain drops falling’ | ||
| *ta-gílij | ‘tipped on the side (?)’ | ||
| *tagtag | ‘jolted or knocked around on a rough ride’ | ||
| *tagtág | ‘distribute, pass out shares of food’ | ||
| *tahúl | ‘howl (of a dog)’ | ||
| *tájip | ‘peel, pare (as fruit or yam), cut into slices’ | ||
| *tajip-an | ‘peel, pare’ | ||
| *taka | ‘hesitate, not able to act’ | ||
| *takad | ‘step on, leave footprint’ | ||
| *takál | ‘k.o. marine mollusc’ | ||
| *takál | ‘stud animal, mate, of animals’ | ||
| *tákaŋ | ‘spread wide open’ | ||
| *tak(e)bá | ‘embrace from behind, copulate by mounting from behind (of animals, or coarsely of humans)’ | ||
| *takéd | ‘tie down, fasten by binding’ | ||
| *tak(e)laq | ‘click with the tongue’ | ||
| *takem | ‘tightly capped’ | ||
| *takes | ‘measurement, measure’ | ||
| *takíp | ‘cover’ | ||
| *talabá | ‘k.o. shellfish, probably oyster’ | ||
| *talagá | ‘truly, surely, really, in fact’ | ||
| *talakituk | ‘k.o. marine fish’ | ||
| *talaŋ | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Diospyros spp.’ | ||
| *talaq | ‘go for a walk’ | ||
| *tala-qasawa | ‘married couple’ | ||
| *talátal | ‘sway, stagger, turn this way and that’ | ||
| *tal(e)sík | ‘splash, spatter’ | ||
| *taliŋu | ‘cheat, lead astray, get someone into trouble’ | ||
| *talínum | ‘k.o. plant with leaves used as a vegetable’; ‘Talinum paniculatum or Talinum triangulare’ | ||
| *taliwájaq | ‘middle, middling, average’ | ||
| *talúbuq | ‘grow rapidly, thrive, healthy’ | ||
| *talukaeb | ‘eyelid’ | ||
| *taluktuk | ‘hummock, small rise of land’ | ||
| *taluluŋ | ‘vine with red flower clusters, Chinese honeysuckle’; ‘Quisqualis indica’ | ||
| *talun | ‘wild fowl, jungle fowl’ | ||
| *talun-an | ‘clear land for cultivation’ | ||
| *taluntún | ‘follow a path’ | ||
| *tamád | ‘lazy, indolent’ | ||
| *tamad-an | ‘lazy, feel lazy’ | ||
| *tambal | ‘treat with medicine’ | ||
| *tambáŋ | ‘ambush, surprise attack’ | ||
| *tambaŋ-an | ‘lie in wait for an enemy or wild game’ | ||
| *tambaR | ‘advise, help someone with a problem’ | ||
| *tambéd | ‘lizard fish’ | ||
| *tambúg | ‘splash in the water’ | ||
| *tampipiq | ‘telescoping basket, double basket’ | ||
| *tampuq | ‘sulk, feel remorse’ | ||
| *tanan | ‘all’ | ||
| *tandaq | ‘having a good memory, intelligent’ | ||
| *taŋa | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Prunus sp.’ | ||
| *taŋah | ‘stupid, silly, ignorant’ | ||
| *taŋaq | ‘incapable, incompetent’ | ||
| *taŋaR | ‘seize property and run off with it, elope with a single woman’ | ||
| *taŋay | ‘carried away by someone or something’ | ||
| *taŋay | ‘look upward’ | ||
| *taŋay-en | ‘carry away’ | ||
| *taŋ(e)buq | ‘bamboo shoot’ | ||
| *taŋ(e)buq | ‘k.o. coarse grass’ | ||
| *taŋ(e)dan | ‘payment for services’ | ||
| *taŋ(e)laj | ‘k.o. tall grass’; ‘Themeda gigantea’ | ||
| *taŋén | ‘wedge, piece used to stabilize surfaces’ | ||
| *taŋ(e)paq | ‘pay for in advance’ | ||
| *taŋíl | ‘wedge’ | ||
| *taŋíliq | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Shorea polysperma’ | ||
| *taŋkal | ‘coop (as for chickens), pen (as for pigs)’ | ||
| *taŋkuŋ | ‘k.o. edible plant, swamp cabbage’; ‘Ipomoea aquatica’ | ||
| *taŋtáŋ | ‘clanging sound, clang (as in beating metals)’ | ||
| *taŋtáŋ | ‘remove, take off’ | ||
| *taŋtaŋ-én | ‘beat metals’ | ||
| *taŋuq | ‘nod the head (as in agreement)’ | ||
| *táŋus | ‘pointed or prominent (of the nose)’ | ||
| *tantán | ‘lose interest in doing something (?)’ | ||
| *tanúd | ‘thread a needle’ | ||
| *tánud | ‘guard, sentinel, stand guard’ | ||
| *tanúR | ‘loud sound, volume, loudness’ | ||
| *tánus | ‘straight (as tree limbs)’ | ||
| *tanɁaw-én | ‘see or look at something far away’ | ||
| *tapa-en | ‘smoked by someone (of meat or fish)’ | ||
| *tapaŋ | ‘bold, rude, brave’ | ||
| *tapiq | ‘board, lumber, beam in house construction’ | ||
| *taptap | ‘move the lips or tongue in chewing or lapping up’ | ||
| *tapuák | ‘plunge, dive into’ | ||
| *tapuk | ‘dust in the air, stir up dust’ | ||
| *tapuŋ | ‘rice flour’ | ||
| *taq | ‘because’ | ||
| *taq | ‘particle used to soften questions or turn statements into rhetorical questions’ | ||
| *taq(e)kip | ‘include with something else’ | ||
| *taq(e)náw | ‘see or look at something far away’ | ||
| *taq(e)nay | ‘sheaf or bundle of rice stalks’ | ||
| *taq(e)paw | ‘top surface of something’ | ||
| *taq(e)paw-an | ‘put something on top of something else’ | ||
| *taqul | ‘howl (of a dog)’ | ||
| *taRad | ‘wait’ | ||
| *taRad-an | ‘(gloss uncertain)’ | ||
| *taRak | ‘distribute an inheritance (?)’ | ||
| *taR-anak | ‘care for children’ | ||
| *taRa-qinép | ‘dream’ | ||
| *taRaquk | ‘crow (of a rooster)’ | ||
| *taraquk | ‘crowing of a rooster’ | ||
| *taRa-tuhud | ‘up to the knees’ | ||
| *taray | ‘run’ | ||
| *taraytay | ‘put in a straight line’ | ||
| *taRenek | ‘sandfly’ | ||
| *taRihtih | ‘drizzle, light rain’ | ||
| *taRiktík | ‘sound of rain on roof’ | ||
| *tariktik | ‘drizzle, light rain’ | ||
| *tariktik | ‘woodpecker’ | ||
| *tarús | ‘understand, grasp something intellectually’ | ||
| *tastas-en | ‘undo stitches, pull out tying material’ | ||
| *tatus | ‘coconut crab’; ‘Birgus latro’ | ||
| *táwad | ‘pardon, forgive’ | ||
| *tayáq | ‘stakes in gambling, wager, bet’ | ||
| *tayaw | ‘traditional dance form’ | ||
| *tayeŋ | ‘sea urchin with long black spines’ | ||
| *taytáy | ‘mountain ridge’ | ||
| *tebág | ‘crumbling, eroded, landslide, cave-in’ | ||
| *tebáq | ‘cut down a stalk of bananas’ | ||
| *tebáR | ‘answer’ | ||
| *tebel | ‘constipated’ | ||
| *tebéR | ‘k.o. tree’; ‘Ficus sp.’ | ||
| *tebir | ‘edge, seam, hem’ | ||
| *tebteb-en | ‘cut in half’ | ||
| *tebug | ‘mud puddle, wallow for wild pig or carabao’ | ||
| *tedák | ‘stick with a pin, pierce’ | ||
| *tegék | ‘sticky sap’ | ||
| *tekeb | ‘attack (as an animal attacking its prey)’ | ||
| *tekuk | ‘sound off, cry out’ | ||
| *teltel | ‘dip food in sauce’ | ||
| *telu-gan | ‘three (in children’s games)’ | ||
| *temtem | ‘burn something in a bonfire’ | ||
| *tenaw | ‘clear (of liquid free of impurities)’ | ||
| *tendek | ‘post, stake, pillar’ | ||
| *tenek | ‘thorn, spine (as on a fish)’ | ||
| *teŋel | ‘nape, back of the neck’ | ||
| *tepak | ‘sound of footfalls’ | ||
| *tepeŋ | ‘equal in height or length’ | ||
| *tepet | ‘question, ask a question’ | ||
| *tíbay | ‘durable, long-lasting’ | ||
| *tibud | ‘k.o. water jar’ | ||
| *tíkal | ‘bruised or cramping (of feet after too much walking)’ | ||
| *tik(e)buq | ‘spill, pour out’ | ||
| *tik(e)lúp | ‘fold’ | ||
| *tikiq | ‘small lizard (gecko?)’ | ||
| *tikís | ‘on purpose, intentionally’ | ||
| *tiktik | ‘separate grain from chaff’ | ||
| *tiktík | ‘spy, inform on someone’ | ||
| *tikuq | ‘k.o. bird’ | ||
| *tileŋ | ‘piercing sound’ | ||
| *tiltil | ‘rap or tap lightly’ | ||
| *timtim | ‘sip, taste slightly’ | ||
| *tinduk | ‘large cooking banana or plantain variety’ | ||
| *tin(e)qaw | ‘clear (of water), pure (of water)’ | ||
| *tiŋab | ‘notch, nick’ | ||
| *tiŋab-an | ‘notch or nick something’ | ||
| *tiŋal | ‘force apart, at with a wedge, force something into someone’s mouth’ | ||
| *tiŋén | ‘look, sight, see’ | ||
| *tiŋeR | ‘sound, voice’ | ||
| *tiŋkáb | ‘pry open’ | ||
| *tiŋkab-én | ‘pried open’ | ||
| *típun | ‘assemble, come together (of people), bring together (of things)’ | ||
| *tipuq | ‘picking of fruit, falling out of teeth’ | ||
| *tiqad | ‘bend backward (as when standing on tiptoes)’ | ||
| *tiq(e)pas | ‘cut off with one stroke’ | ||
| *tiq(e)ris | ‘urine, urinate’ | ||
| *tíqiŋ | ‘decant, pour liquid out for drinking’ | ||
| *tiqís | ‘put up with, endure, patient’ | ||
| *tisaq | ‘k.o. tree with bright yellow fruit that has dry flesh’; ‘Lucuma nervosa’ | ||
| *tiúk | ‘k.o. bird, probably the swamphen’ | ||
| *tiwaŋwáŋ | ‘opening, gap’ | ||
| *tiwatiw | ‘shake a stick at something’ | ||
| *tiwtiw | ‘k o bird and its call, probably the tailor bird’; ‘Orthotomus atrogularis’ | ||
| *tuaŋ | ‘carry a load between two people’ | ||
| *tubág | ‘short-tempered’ | ||
| *tubaR | ‘answer’ | ||
| *tubúg | ‘wallow in mud’ | ||
| *tubul | ‘send someone on an errand’ | ||
| *tubuy | ‘send for, allow to go’ | ||
| *tud(e)lúk | ‘pierce (as with a needle)’ | ||
| *tudem | ‘dark, discolored’ | ||
| *tudul | ‘give’ | ||
| *tugen | ‘deliver, send something to someone’ | ||
| *tugíq | ‘lesser yam’; ‘Dioscorea sp.’ | ||
| *tugtug-én | ‘knock on something, play a musical instrument’ | ||
| *tuhuk | ‘string (as fish or beads)’ | ||
| *tukák | ‘k.o. loud frog’ | ||
| *tukal | ‘prop, supporting beam in house’ | ||
| *tukaq | ‘beak, bill, peck (of birds), bite (of a snake)’ | ||
| *tuláy | ‘bridge’ | ||
| *tulay-an | ‘bridge or span, build a bridge across something’ | ||
| *tulduq | ‘point, indicate, point out, instruct’ | ||
| *tul(e)dek | ‘mark made with fingertip’ | ||
| *tuleŋ | ‘deaf’ | ||
| *tuliŋan | ‘k.o. mackerel’; ‘Rastrelliger spp.’ | ||
| *tulúd | ‘push something to start it moving, accompany someone to help them start a journey’ | ||
| *tumbalik | ‘inverted, reversed, upside-down’ | ||
| *túnaw | ‘melt, dissolve’ | ||
| *tunaw-en | ‘melt, dissolve’ | ||
| *tunay | ‘thorn in the flesh’ | ||
| *tundaq | ‘lead, conduct, escort’ | ||
| *tundek | ‘poke (as with finger)’ | ||
| *tuŋaw | ‘k.o. plant’; ‘Astronia spp., Melastomataceae’ | ||
| *tuŋel | ‘tree stump’ | ||
| *tuŋgíl | ‘clitoris’ | ||
| *tu(ŋ)kab-án | ‘for force something open or out of its position’ | ||
| *tuŋkaq | ‘sleepy, drowsy’ | ||
| *tuŋkúl | ‘about, concerning’ | ||
| *tuntún | ‘lower, let something down (as with a rope)’ | ||
| *tunuh-en | ‘roasted by someone’ | ||
| *tunuR | ‘sound, voice’ | ||
| *tupád | ‘fulfill a promise, comply with a wish’ | ||
| *tupáj | ‘match, form a pair’ | ||
| *tupíq | ‘fold, crease’ | ||
| *tupúk | ‘over-ripe, beginning to rot’ | ||
| *tuq(e)maw | ‘suddenly appear, come into view suddenly or partially’ | ||
| *tuqun | ‘put on or over something’ | ||
| *tuRauk | ‘crow (of a rooster)’ | ||
| *turiq | ‘circumcision’ | ||
| *tuRsúk | ‘skewer something so as to pick it up without touching it’ | ||
| *tustus | ‘roll up a leaf (as a tobacco leaf)’ | ||
| *tustús | ‘hang down, lower’ | ||
| *tútuk | ‘aim a weapon at’ | ||
| *tútuq | ‘interjection used to call a dog’ | ||
| *tutuy | ‘penis of a little boy’ | ||
| *tuyuq | ‘point at, aim for, intend to do something, do something intentionally’ | ||
| *úba | ‘naked’ | ||
| *ubus | ‘finish, consume, use up’ | ||
| *udip | ‘patch a hole in a net or mat’ | ||
| *ugbús | ‘tip or shoot of growing plant’ | ||
| *ugtu | ‘zenith, noon, mid-day’ | ||
| *ukap | ‘pull off, remove covering’ | ||
| *úkit | ‘remove something from an attached position’ | ||
| *ulaqul | ‘hypersensitive, weeping easily’ | ||
| *ulayan | ‘k.o. tree’ | ||
| *ules | ‘blanket’ | ||
| *ulitáu | ‘bachelor, young unmarried man’ | ||
| *umah | ‘kiss’ | ||
| *umah-an | ‘kiss someone’ | ||
| *umat | ‘inquire about, mention someone’ | ||
| *umaw | ‘mute, dumb’ | ||
| *unab | ‘wash rice or plants preparatory to cooking’ | ||
| *unah-an | ‘first’ | ||
| *unah-unah | ‘precede, go before’ | ||
| *uñat | ‘stretch, straighten out’ | ||
| *uñat-en | ‘stretched, straightened out’ | ||
| *úŋur | ‘moan, growl’ | ||
| *úŋut | ‘coconut shell drinking cup or dipper’ | ||
| *unuŋ | ‘fixed, constant, steady, forever’ | ||
| *upas | ‘fiber of banana stalk’ | ||
| *upaw | ‘bald’ | ||
| *urag | ‘sexual indulgence, orgy’ | ||
| *uRis | ‘albino, unnaturally white’ | ||
| *urit | ‘stripe, streak, line’ | ||
| *usauR | ‘go downstream, go with the current’ | ||
| *usay | ‘explain, elucidate, talk through a problem’ | ||
| *usiŋ | ‘charcoal’ | ||
| *útas | ‘keep on doing something, continue in one’s ways’ | ||
| *úyaŋ | ‘polite term of address to an older woman (?)’ | ||
| *uyáŋ-en | ‘address a younger woman politely’ | ||
| *uyaw | ‘mock, ridicule, jeer at’ | ||
| *uyaw-en | ‘mock, ridicule, jeer at’ | ||
| *uyun | ‘agree’ | ||
| *wáak | ‘crow’ | ||
| *wadwad | ‘distribute, spead out evenly’ | ||
| *wagwág | ‘rice variety’ | ||
| *wagwág | ‘shake something vigorously (as a sack to remove the contents)’ | ||
| *wákaŋ | ‘walk with large strides’ | ||
| *wakas | ‘finish, end’ | ||
| *wakas-án | ‘loosen, undo, uncover’ | ||
| *wákat | ‘scatter, strew about’ | ||
| *waksí | ‘shake off, flick off’ | ||
| *wali | ‘lecture someone’ | ||
| *walís | ‘sweep, broom’ | ||
| *walu(h)-an | ‘group of eight’ | ||
| *walwál | ‘work (object, instrument) from side to side’ | ||
| *walwáR | ‘work (object, instrument) from side to side’ | ||
| *waŋáwaŋ | ‘wide open space’ | ||
| *waŋwáŋ | ‘gaping expanse’ | ||
| *wáqwaq | ‘mouth of a river’ | ||
| *warák | ‘scatter, strew’ | ||
| *wáras | ‘distribute, deal out’ | ||
| *waság | ‘scatter things about’ | ||
| *wasay wasay | ‘k.o. insect’ | ||
| *wasíwas | ‘wave back and forth (hand, flag)’ | ||
| *waswás | ‘shake something, rinse clothes by shaking in clear water’ | ||
| *waswás | ‘tear apart something that one has made, undo’ | ||
| *watak-watak | ‘scattered about’ | ||
| *wat(e)nág | ‘scatter, disperse’ | ||
| *watwát | ‘widen a hole in something’ | ||
| *waywáy | ‘dangle, hang down loosely’ | ||
| *weswés | ‘whirl, spin around’ | ||
| *wigwíg | ‘shake, shake something’ | ||
| *wíqwiq | ‘slit open’ | ||
| *wisik | ‘sprinkling or spraying’ | ||
| *witwít | ‘chirp’ | ||
| *witwít | ‘shake, wave (hand, something in the hand)’ | ||
| *wiwí | ‘shrill whistle or chirrup’ | ||
| *yabyáb | ‘winnow by fanning’ | ||
| *yadyád | ‘grate or shred foodstuffs’ | ||
| *yadyad-án | ‘coconut grater’ | ||
| *yagyág | ‘trot (of a horse), jog (of a person)’ | ||
| *yahuŋ | ‘bowl or wide cup’ | ||
| *yakál | ‘Philippine mahogony’; ‘Shorea or Hopea sp.’ | ||
| *yamyám | ‘talk excessively, or in a rapid, meaningless stream’ | ||
| *yapyáp | ‘winnow by fanning’ | ||
| *yapyap-an | ‘winnow by fanning’ | ||
| *yátab | ‘small hand knife for harvesting rice’ | ||
| *yawyaw | ‘move the mouth in eating’ | ||
| *yegyeg | ‘shake, as a tree to bring down fruit’ | ||
| *yekyek | ‘armpit’ | ||
| *yekyek | ‘coughing fit’ | ||
| *yugyúg | ‘shake, as a tree to bring down fruit fruit’ | ||
| *yukúq | ‘stoop, bend down’ | ||
| *yukús | ‘bend down’ | ||
| *yukyuk | ‘stab’ | ||
| *yuŋyúŋ | ‘hang the head, look downward’ |